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THE 

FARMER'S  OWN  BOOK;    . 

A   TREATISE   ON   THE  I 

Numerous  Diseases  of  the  Horse, 

WITH  AN 

EXPLAi^TATION  OF  THEIR  SYMPTOMS, 

AKD   THE 

COURSE  OF  TREATMENT  TO  BE  PURSUED ; 
ALSO 'A  TREATISE  OX  THE  DISEASE^ 

OP 

HORNED    CATTLE. 


PUBLISHED  BY 

J.  D.    KOOGLE, 

Jliddletown,  Maryland. 
]858. 


Entered  according  to  the  Act  of  Congress  iu  the  year  1857, 

By  J.  D .  KooGLE, 

In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  Maryland. 


PREFACE 


The  object  of  this  work  is  to  give  a  thorough  explanation  of 
the  numerous  diseases  to  which  the  horse  is  subject,  and  point 
out  in  a  clear  and  distinct  manner  the  symptoms  by  which  the 
diseases  may  be  known,  so  that  the  Farmer  and  others  having 
the  care  of  horses  may  be  enabled  to  detect  any  disease  in  its 
first  sf&ges, — thereby  rendering  it  an  easy  case  to  cure ;  also, 
giving  a  regular  course  of  medicine  to  be  pursued  in  the  treatment 
of  the  different  diseases,  by  which  almost  any  one,  with  a  little 
study,  can  treat  the  most  difficult  cases.  The  great  objection  to 
other  works  that  have  been  issued  is  that  they  do  not  point  out 
the  symptoms  of  the  diseases  in  horses;  and  their  treatment  is 
so  badly  arranged  that  it  is  very  difficult  for  the  Farmer  and 
persons  generally  to  understand  it.  The  advantages  this  work 
possesses  over  others,  is  its  plainness  in  pointing  out  the  diffi- 
culties attending  the  treatment  of  diseases  in  horses  and  the 
manner  in  which  they  may  be  surmounted.  And  it  is  hoped 
that  those  interested  will  give  this  book  their  "careful  attention, 
as  the  author  is  satisfied  that  it  will  save  them  a  vast  amount 
of  time  and  trouble  in  times  of  need. 

THE  AUTHOR. 


DISEASES  OF  horses: 


The  diseases  of  the  horse  are  very  numerous, 
and  many  of  them  so  complicated  as  to  defy  de- 
tection/except  by  those  who  are  thoroughly  ac- 
quainted with  the  nature  of  the  animal,  and  his 
mode  of  living.  This  is  the  reason  that  horses 
which  have  heen  under  the  care  of  the  farrier 
are  often  returned  to  the  owner  in  a  worse  con- 
dition than  when  they  received  them.  It  is  to 
prevent  this  practice  as  much  as  possible  that 
has  induced  me  to  bring  this  work  before  the 
public,  in  the  hope  of  alleviating  the  condition 
of  that  noble  animal — ilie  Horse. 


mmii>^ 


T^ 


THE  POLL  EYIL. 

This  disease  may  arise  from  accident,  but  is 
commonly  the  result  of  blows  or  bruises  care- 
lessly inflicted  by  those  having  charge  of  the 
horses.  It  is  a  tumor  or  swelling  in  the  sinews, 
found  between  the  noil  bone  and  the  uppefmost 
joint  of  the  neck,  immediately  on  the  nap  of 
the  neck. 

Nearly  all  farriers  tell  you  to  sell  your  horse 
for  anything  he  will  bring,  or  give  him  away  j 
but  I  would  advise  you  to  keep  your  horse  and 
cure  him,  which  can  be  done  quickly  and  surely 
with  the  following  remedies: 


P0LL  EVIL. 


Eemedy  No.  1. 


First  wash  the  sore  well  with  strong  warm  soap 
suds,  then  droj)  8  or  10  drops  of  muriatic  acid 
in  it  twice  a  day,  until  it  has  the  appearance  of 
a  fresh  wound,  after  which  it  should  he  washed 
clean  with  soap  suds  from  castile  soap  and  then 
left  to  heal,  which  it  will  quickly  do  if  the  acid 
has  heen  used  long  enough  in  a  proper  manner; 
but  it  it  does  not  get  well,  wash  as  bef^e,  and 
apply  the  acid  until  a  cure  is  effected.  It  is  a 
sure  remedy,  and  will  not  fail  if  applied  prop- 
erly until  the  disease  is  burnt  out  or  killed. 

In  case  you  should  drop  any  of  the  acid  on 
the  part  that  is  not  affected,  apply  a  little  oil, 
which  will  neutralize  the  power  of  the  acid  and 
prevent  it  from  becoming  sore. 

Eemedy  No.  2. 

When  the  disease  first  makes  its  appearance, 
take  a  quantity  of  asmart  and  put  it  to  soak, 
letting  it  remain  all  night.  In  the  morning 
take  as  much  as  you  can  hold  in  your  hand  and 
apply  it  to  the  swollen  part,  holding  it  there 
some  20  or  30  minutes,  pressing  on  it  as  hard  as 


POLL    EVIL.  .J 

you  conveniently  can,  which  must  be  repeated 
several  times.  Tliis  remedy  generally  scatters 
the  disease,  but  if  it  should  fail  you  will  be 
obliged  to  use  applications  of  a  more  astringent 
nature. 

Remedy  No.  3. 

After  the  disease  has  fully  shown  itself,  wash 
as  directed  in  Remedy  No.  1;  then  take  Arsenic 
and  apply  it  until  the  foul  flesh  has  all  disap- 
peared, and  let  it  heal.  This  is  a  certain  reme- 
dy, and  has  cured  several  cases  within  my  own 
knowledge. 

.     Remedy  No.  4. 

Take  1  quart  of  strong  ley  and  boil  it  into  a 
salve,  then  apply  a  portion  of  the  salve  every  2 
hours  until  the  core  comes  out,  and  heal  with 
elder  ointment.  If  this  remedy  does  not  effect 
a  cure  on  the  first  application,  try  it  again,  as 
it  is  a  certain  cure.  Should  the  ley  after  being 
boiled  down  leave  a  hard  substance,,  it  must  be 
worked  into  a  salve. 


8  '  poll  evil. 

Kemedy  No.  5. 

First  wash  the  ulcer  well  with  warm  soap 
suds;  then  take  air-slacked  lime  and  put  as 
much  into  the  sore  as  will  lay  on,  which  must 
he  repeated  2  or  3  times  a  day,  and  the  affected 
part  cleaned  and  swahhed  out  as  often.  This, 
though  very  simple,  is  an  excellent  remedy, 
which  I  have  never  known  to  fail. 

The  foregoing  remedies  are  very  plain  and 
simple,  and  cannot  fail  if  properly  applied.  In 
washing  the  ulcers,  use  none  other  than  castile 
soap,  which  is  far  superior  to  any  other  for 
cleansing  and  healing  wounds  and  eruptions  of 
any  kind,  and  can  he  had  from  any  of  the  drug 
stores  at  25  cents  per  pound.  It  is  also  an  ex- 
cellent article  for  domestic  purposes,  such  as 
shaving,  &c.  and  will  he  found  cheaper  than 
any  other  fine  or  toilet  soaps. 


FLATULENT   OR   WIND   COLIC. 


FLATULENT  OE  WIND  COLIC. 

This  is  an  entirely  different  disease  from  the 
Spasmodic  Colic.  It  often  originates  with  some- 
thing that  the  horse  has  eaten  and  then  drink- 
ing large  quantities  of  water,  by  which  the  food 
becomes  fermented  and  creates  a  gastric  gas, 
which  enlarges  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  some- 
times to  twenty  or  thirty  times  the  bulk  of  the 
food.  It  generally  takes  place  in  the  stomach, 
but  at  times  in  the  small  or  large  intestines. 

Symptoms. 

The  horse  suddenly  slacks  his  pace,  perhaps 
lays  or  falls  down  as  if  he  w^ere  shot.  In  the 
stable  he  paws  the  floor  with  his  lore  feet,  lays 
down  and  rolls,  starts  up  instantly  and  throws 
himself  down  again  with  greater  violence,  looks 
wistfully  at  his  flanks,  and  makes  many  fruit- 
less efforts  to  void  his  urine.  Here  the  symp- 
toms are  similar  to  other  colics,  but  the  true 
character  of  the  disease  soon  develops  itself. — 


10  FLATULENT  OR  WIND   COLIC. 

It  is  in  one  of  tlie  large  intestines,  and  the  belly 
swells  all  round,  but  mostly  on  the  right  flanks 
and  as  the  disease  progresses  the  pain  becomes 
more  intense,  and  the  horse  more  violent.  The 
treatment  is  quite  different  from  other  colics. 

Eemedy  No.   1. 

Take  1  ounce  of  the  chlorate  of  lime  and  ^ 
pint  of-  warm  water,  put  it  into  a  bottle  and 
shake  well,  so  as  to  dissolve,  then  give  it  as  a 
drench  which  will  devour  the  gas,  and  cause  the 
swelling  to  subside.  If  in  fifteen  minutes  after 
this  has  been  given,  the  pain  does  not  seem  to 
have  been  alleviated,  take  4  ounces  of  spirits  of 
Pimento,  and  1  ounce  of  Laudanum,  mix  it  with 
J  pint  of  warm  water  and  give  it  also  as  a 
drench.  If  you  have  no  pimento  and  it  is  not 
convenient  to  get  it,  take  2J  ounces  of  pepper- 
mint, and  1  ounce  of  laudanum,  and  should  you 
not  have  laudanum,  take  a  hirger  quantity  of 
peppermint  with  ^  pint  of  warm  water,  and 
give  it  as  a  drench.  In  this  disease  no  time 
should  be  lost,  as  it  very  often  runs  its  course  in 
from  1  to  2  hours.     If  the  first  should  not  give 


FLATULENT   OR  'WIND   COLIC.  11 

relief  in  15  or  20  minutes,  repeat  it  until  it  does. 
Eubbing  the  belly  with  a  smooth  rail  or  pole 
will  greatly  facilitate  the  action  of  the  medicine. 
Should  you  not  have  any  of  the  above  remedies 
on  hand  or  convenient,  use  from  1  to  2  ounces 
of  golden  tincture  as  the  case  may  require. 

Remedy  No.  2. 

In  the  first  place  take  2  ounces  of  the  essence 
of  peppermintj  mixed  with  ^  pint  of  warm 
water  and  give  it  to  him  as  a  drench,  then  take 
a  bat  of  common  raw  cotton  and  set  fire  to  it, 
holding  it  close  to  the  nostrils  of  the  horse, 
so  -that  he  can  freely  inhale  the  smoke  aris- 
ing therefrom;  continue  this  until  you  see  that 
the  horse  is  relieved.  The  quantjty  of  cotton 
used  is  from  4  to  5  bats^  as  the  necessity  of  the 
case  may  require. 

This  is  a  simple  and  safe  remedy^  and  num- 
bers who  have  tried  it  say  that  they  have  never 
known  it  to  fail.  I  saw  a  horse  that  had  suf- 
fered from  the  colic  for  nearly  three  hours,  being 
puffed  up  almost  to  bursting,  and  in  half  an 
hour  after  this  operation  had  been  performed  on 
him,  he  was  completely  cured. 


12  SPASMODIC   COLIC. 


SPASMODIC  COLIC. 

This  is  a  disease  to  whicli  horses  generally  are 
suhject,  and  in  consequence  of  improper  treat- 
inentj  it  often  proves  fatal.  It  is  produced  by 
improper  riding,  feeding,  watering,  and  may 
arise  from  a  want  of  proper  action  in  the  bowels, 
which  occasions  constriction  of  the  intestines 
and  a  confinement  of  the  air. 

SYMPTOMS. 

The  horse  begins  to  shift  his  position,  looks 
around  at  his  flanks,  paws  violently,  strikes  his 
belly  with  his  feet,  and  crouches  in  a  peculiar 
manner,  advancing  his  hind  legs  under  him,  he 
then  suddenly  lies  or  rather  falls  down,  and 
balances  himself  on  his  back  with  his  feet  rest- 
ing on  his  belly.  The  pain  seems  to  have  ceased 
for  a  while,  and  he  gets  up  and  shakes  himself ; 
he  begins  to  feed,  but  in  a  short  time  the  pain 
returns,  and  is  more  violent  than  before;  he 
heaves  at  the  flanks,  breaks  out  in  a  profused 


SPASMODIC  COLIC.  13 

perspiratioDj  and  throws  himself  more  reck- 
lessly. The  pulse  is  little  affected  in  the  com- 
mencement, but  as  the  disease  progresses,  it 
becomes  fall.  Legs  and  ears  of  a  natural  tem- 
perature. The  affection  of  the  strength  scarcely 
perceivable. 

Remedy. 

Relief  may  be  obtained  from  motion  in  this 
disease.     Take 

1  ounce  of  turpentine, 

1  ounce  of  laudanum, 

I  pint  of  gin  or  good  whiskey, 

J  pint  of  warm  water. 

Mix  and  give  it  as  a  drench.  Bleed^  and  if  not 
relieved  in  half  an  hour,  repeat  the  dose,  rub- 
bing the  belly  Avith  a  stout  brush  or  a  smooth 
rail.  If  not  relieved  in  15  or  20  minutes,  repeat 
the  dose  and  continue  it  until  relief  is  obtained. 
If  the  horse  be  walked  about  or  trotted  mod- 
erately, it  will  relieve  the  spasms.  A  glyster 
with  warm  soap  suds  should  be  injected,  w4iich 
may  be  done  by  burning  the  peth  out  of  elder, 
and  filling  a  bladder  with  the  suds,  then  tie  the 


14  SPASMODIC   COLIC. 

bladder  on  the  elder  tiglit  and  force  it  into  the 
fundament,  occasionally  throwing  the  warm 
suds  in  until  it  operates;  if  a  reasonable  portion 
of  it  remains,  it  will  do  no  harm  if  it  does  not 
operate,  but  will  help  to  relieve  the  spasms. 
This  should  be  done  immediately,  as  in  most 
cases  no  time  is  to  be  lost.  A  glyster  of  tobacco 
smoke  may  be  thrown  in  as  a  last  resort.  Keep 
the  horse  in  a  warm  stable  and  give  bran  mash 
and  plenty  of  warm  or  thin  gruel  for  two  or 
three  days. 

The  turpentine,  laudanum,  gin  and  warm 
water  were  never  known  to  fail  if  given  at  the 
proper  time.  Should  you  not  have  these  medi- 
cines at  hand,  give  2^  or  3  ounces  of  pepper- 
mint every  15  or  20  minutes  until  the  horse  is 
relieved;  or  if  you  have  no  peppermint,  give 
same  quantity  of  golden  tincture. 

The  gruel  for  feeding  is  made  by  putting  diiy 
quantity  of  bran  into  a  bucket  or  tub,  then  pour 
boiling  water  over  it,  so  as  to  scald  it  thorough- 
ly, and  cover  it  with  a  cloth  until  it  is  cooi 
enough  for  him  to  eat. 


INFLAMMATION    OF   THE   BL.U>DER,  15 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THJ]  BLADDER 

In  this  disease  and  inflammation  of  the  kid- 
neys, the  symptoms  are  nearly  similar;  there- 
fore, in  order  to  ascertain  whether  the  disease  is 
inflammation  of  the  bladder  or  inflammation  of 
the  kidneys,  it  is  necessary  to  introduce  the 
hand  into  the  rectum,  where  you  will  find  the 
bladder  immediately  under  the  hand,  if  it  feels 
hard  and  full,  accompanied  by  more  than  natu- 
ral heat  and  tenderness,  it  is  a  sure  case  of  in- 
flammation of  the  bladder,  but  if  the  bladder 
is  empty  and  no  increased  heat  is  apparent,  then 
it  must  be  a  case  of  inflammation  of  the  kidneys. 

In  treating  these  two  diseases — though  the 
symptoms  are  so  much  alike — be  very  careful  to 
observe  that  the  course  of  treatment  recom- 
mended in  each  is  entirely  difterent,  and  should 
you  give  the  medicine  prescribed  for  inflamma- 
tion of  the  bladder  for  that  of  the  kidneys,  it 
will  greatly  endanger  the  life  of  the  horse. 


16  inflammation  of  the  bladder. 

Symptoms. 

The  early  symptoms  in  this  disease  are  gen- 
erally those  of  fever,  but  the  seat  of  the  disease 
soon  becomes  apparent.  The  horse  occasionally 
looks  round  at  Ifis  flanks,  stands  with  his  hind 
legs  wide  apart,  is  unwilling  to  lie  down,  strad- 
dles as  he  walks,  evinces  great  pain  in  turning 
shrinks  when  his  loins  are  pressed;  the  loins  feel 
hot,  the  urine  is  voided  in  small  quantities, 
which  is  often  highly  colored  and  sometimes 
bloody;  he  tries  to  urinate  very  often  and  strains 
painfully,  but  the  discharge  is  nearly  or  quite 
suppressed;  the  pulse  is  quick,  hard  and  full  at 
first,  but  rapidly  becomes  small,  indicating  a  dis- 
ease of  the'  urinary  organs,  yet  not  distinguish- 
ing inflammation  of  the  bladder  from  inflamma- 
tion of  the  kidneys. 

Treatment — Kemedt. 

When  you  feel  satisfied  that  it  is  a  case  of 
inflammation  of  the  bladder,  blister  the  loins 
with  the  blister  ointment  and  give  1  ounce  of 
turpentine  with  1   ounce  of  laudanum. 


mFL ANIMATION   OF   THE   KIDXEYS.  17 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  KIDNEYS. 

The  symptoms  of  this  disease  are  similar  to 
those  of  inflammation  of  the  bladder,  but  are 
to  be  treated  in  quite  a  different  manner.  In- 
flammation of  the  kidneys  is  brought  on  by 
over-riding,  heavy  loads,  improper  feeding,  and 
sometimes  by  being  poled  on  the  haunches,  or 
across  the  kidneys  and  loins.  *' 

Treatment — Kemedy. 

Place  a  mustard  plaster  made  with  vinegar 
across  thfi  loins  and  bleed.  After  this  give  an 
active  purge,  and  when  it  begins  to  abate  give 
of  white  helebore  from  J  to  J  of  a  drachm,  and 
IJ  drachms  of  tartar  emetic,  with  J  a  pint  of 
warm  water,  this  should  be  repeated  2  or  3 
times  a  day,  according  to  the  nature  of  the  dis- 
ease. For  drink,  give  him  warm  water  or  gruel 
as  much  as  he  will  drink,  and  keep  the  back 
and  loins  warm  and  comfortable. 


18  INFLAMMATION   OP  THE  LUNGS. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LUNGS. 

This  disease  is  generally  brought  on  by  sud- 
den cold,  hard  driving,  high  feeding,  &c. 

Symptoms. 

The  first  appearance  of  this  disease  is  gener- 
ally marked  by  fits  of  shivering,  accompanied 
with  a  coldness  throughout  the  entire  body, 
which,  however^  gradually  wears  off.  and  he 
becomes  warm,  except  the  ears  and  feet;  but  it 
sometimes  commences  slowly,  with  a  hard,  dry 
cough,  which  appears  to  give  the  horse  great 
pain;  he  appears  dull,  and  refuses  to  eat  his 
food;  the  pulse  is  obscure  and  oppressed— he 
heaves  at  the  flanks,  the  nostrils  are  extended, 
the  eye-lids  and  linings  of  the  'nose  are  in- 
flamed with  a  disagreeable  running  at  the  nose, 
experiences  great  difficulty  in  breathing,  seems 
very  stiff,  is  unwilling  to  lie  down  or  move,  and 
often  stands  until  completely  exhausted. 


inflammation  of  the  lungs.  19 

Tteatment — Eemedy. 

Bleed  -until  the  pulse  becomes  round  and  full, 
and  then  the  heart  will  be  able  to  accomplish 
its  object;  next  hand  rub  the  legs  well,  rap  them 
up  with  flannel  bandages  as  high  as  the  knees, 
put  a  blanket  on  the  horse  to  keep  him  warm, 
but  let  the  stable  have  a  sufficient  opening  to 
admit  the  fresh  air,  not  so  much  as  to  make  it 
cold  or  chilly.  In  warm  weather  the  horse  can- 
not have  too  much  fresh  air.  The  following 
prescription  will  be  found  very  beneficial: 

1  drachm  powdered  fox-glove, 
1|     "        tartar  emetic, 

3  '\        nitre, 

4  ^^        tincture  of  aloes, 
^  pint  of  warm. water. 

Mix  well,  give  it  as  a  drench  and  clyster  with 
soap  and  warm  water;  when  the  focus  has  become 
softened  a  little,  leave  off  using  the  tincture  of 
aloes,  but  continue  to  administer  the  remainins: 
portion  of  the  above  prescription,  and  blister  the 
sides  and  brisket  with  the  blister  ointment 
every  6  hours.     If  the  ointment  should  act  well 


20  DfFLAMlVIATION   OF  THE  LUNGS. 

on  tlie  first  application^  there  is  no  further  need 
for  it,  but  should  it  not  act  proj)erly  continue 
the  blistering  until  it  does,  or  until  the  parts 
become  very  sore,  and  in  two  or  three  days  after 
dress  with  lard. 

In  the  latter  stages  of  the  disease  it  will  be 
found  very  difficult  to  get  the  blister  to  act  prop- 
erly on  account  of  the  exhaustion  of  the  natu- 
ral powers  of  the  animal,  but  it  must  be  con- 
tinued, and  the  sinking  energies  aroused,  or  the 
horse  is  lost.  The  blister  is  often  prevented 
from  acting  by  the  gig  being  up. 

In  this  disease  the  treatment  should  be  prompt 
and  decisive,  as  not  a  moment  of  time  is  to  be 
lost.  The  first  object  should  be  to  subdue  the 
inflammation,  and  if  the  mouth  continues  hot, 
the  extremities  cold,  and  the  nose  red,  the  horse 
must  be  bled  again  and  again  in  rapid  succes- 
sion_,  the  good  that  we  can  do  must  be  done  im- 
mediately or  not  at  all. 

The  first  step  to  be  taken  in  this  disease  is  to 
bleed  profusely — let  the  lancet  used  be  a  large, 
broad  shouldered  one,  in  order  that  the  blood 
may  be  extracted  as  quick  as  possible  and  the 
disease  destroyed  without  impairing  the  strength 


INFLMIMATION  OF  THE  LUNGS.  21 

of  the  animal.  (If  the  blood  be  allowed  to  flow 
slowly  in  a  small  stream,  the  strength  of  the 
animal  will  be  sapped^,  while  the  disease  remains 
untouched.)  Let  the  blood  flow  until  the  pulse 
falters  and  the  horse  begins  to  tremble;  no  harm 
will  be  done  however  if  he  should  fall  by  bleed- 
ing in  this  disease.  As  soon  as  possible  after 
the  bleeding,  give  the  medicine  prescribed;  then 
hand  rub  and  bandage,  and  cover  with  warm 
blankets;  feed  him  on  bran  mash  and  let  him 
run  to  grass  for  a  month. 


22  INFLAMMATION   OF  THE  BOWELS. 


INFLAMMATIOK  OF  THE  BOWELS. 

This  disease  arises  from  various  causes,  and 
is  fr.equently  brought  on  by  long  standing  cos- 
tivenesSj  neglected  gripes,,  or  hard  riding,  over 
heating  and  immediately  drinking  of  cold  water. 

Symptoms. 

In  many  cases  of  this  disease  fits  of  shiver- 
ing or  restlessness  are  the  first  indications  of  its 
•approach;  the  mouth  becomes  hot,  the  nose  red, 
the  horse  begins  to  evinc$  the  most  intense 
pain  by  pawing,  striking  at  his  belly  with  his 
feet,  looking  wildly  at  his  flanks,  groaning  and 
rolling.  The  pulse  is  quick  but  small,  the  ears 
and  feet  cold,  the  belly  tender  to  the  touch  and 
sometimes  hot,  the  breathing  is  quickened,  tlie 
bowels  costive,  and  the  horse  rapidly  becoming 
fearfully  weak.  He  paws  and  stamps  as  in  the 
colic^  but  the  pulse  is  much  quicker  than  in  that 
(Jisease,  and  the  pain  becomes  constant  without 
any  intermissions,  'as  occur  in  colic. 


inflammation  of  the  bowels.  23 

Treatment — Rejmedt. 

Commence  by  "bleedifig  profusely,  taking  at 
least  7  or  8  quarts  of  blood,  or  as  much  as  the 
borse  can  bear,  wliicb  must  be  done  immedi- 
ately, or  a  fatal  termination  may  be  looked  for. 
If  the  borse  does  not  seem  to  have  been  relieved 
or  the  pulse  become  round  and  full,  tb«  bleed- 
ing must  be  repeated  as  tbe  only  means  of 
subduing  tbe  inflammation,  wbicb  is  tbe  imme- 
diate cause  of  tbe  weakness.  If  tbe  inflamma- 
tion is  subdued  by  tbe  extraction  of  tbe  blood  tbe 
weakness  will  soon  disappear.  After  tbe  bleed- 
ing, make  a  strong  decoction  of  aloes  and  opium 
or  laudanum,  say  1  ounce  of  laudanum  with  tbe 
same  quantity  of  tbe  tincture  of  aloes,  and  give 
it  to  tbe  borse;  this  must  be  quickly  followed 
by  back-raking  and  an  injection  of  soap  and 
warm  water  or  thin  gruel,  in  which  epsom  salts 
or  aloes  may  be  dissolved  in  moderate  quantities; 
repeat  this  until  the  bowels  are  completely  clean- 
ed out.  He  should  be  given  as  much  warm  water 
or  thin  gruel  as  he  will  drink,  and  half  the  quan- 
tity of  tincture  of  aloes  and  laudanum  should 
be  administered  every  two  or  three  hours  until 
the  bowels  are  freely  opened.     Blister  the  sides 


24  INFLAMMATION  OF  THE    BOWELS. 

and  belly  with  common  blistering  ointment  and 
bandage  tbe  legs  up"  to  tlie  knees  with  flannel, 
cover  bim  with  blankets  as  directed  in  inflamma- 
tion of  tbe  lungs,  and  give  bim  a  comfortable 
stable,  but  not  too  bot,  with  plenty  of  fresb  air. 
!N'o  corn  or  bay  sbould  be  allowed  in  this  dis- 
ease— bran  mash  will  answer  very  well  for  feed, 
but  green  meat  is  preferable  if  it  can  be  bad. 
Turn  bim  out  for  two  or  tbree  bours  in  tbe  mid- 
dle of  tbe  day  *if  not  too  cold;  give  tbe  legs 
good  band-rubbing  every  day;  continue  to  clys- 
ter witb  tbin  gruel  for  two  or  tbree  days. 


BOTS  OR  GRUBS.  25 


BOTS  OR  GRUBS. 

The  Bots  or  Grubs  are  small  worms  of  a  red 
or  brownish  color^  found  in  the  stomach,  and  it 
is  considered  almost  impossible  for  them  to  do 
any  harm,  but  a  horse  that  has  the  bots,  grubs 
or  worms,  loses  flesh,  becomes  hide  bound  and 
dull. 

Symptoms. 

In  thia.  disease  a  yellowish  matter  is  often 
found  under  the  horse's  tail;  he  has  pain,  stamps 
and  rolls,  switches  his  tail  between  his  legs, 
turns  up  his  upper  lip,  and  frequently  looks 
round"  to  his  flanks,  and  often  tries  to  rub  his 
fundament  against  the  wall,  or  any  other  place 
that  he  can. 

Treatment — ^Remedy  No.  1. 

First  give  an  active  purge,  and  if  that  is  not 
sufficient  to  expel  them,  take  2  drachms  of  tar- 
tar emetic,  with  a  small  quantity  of  tin  or  pew- 


26  BOTS  OR  GRUBS. 

ter  filings,  or  a  little  ground  glass,  make  into 
balls  or  pills,  and  give  one  every  morning  for 
two  weeks;  if  it  is  necessary,  the  balls  can  be 
made  with  a  little  tar,  which  will  also  improve 
the  condition  of  the  horse. 

Remedy  No.  2. 

Take  1  pint  of  common  honey  and  give  it  as 
a  drench;  in  two  hours  after  give  an  active 
purge: — 1  pint  of  molasses  added  to  1  pint  of 
soft  soap  and  a  handful  of  salt  will  answer 
very  well.  Repeat  the  dose  if  it  does  not  oper- 
ate in  four  or  five  hours. 


MEMBRANES  OF  THE  NOSE.  ^      27 


MEMBRANES.  OF  THE  NOSE. 

Showing  the  Symptoms  that  mark  the  Differ- 
'  ENT  Stages  of  the  Disease. 

1st. — The  pale  pink  hue,  when  the  horse  is 
in  perfect  health. 

2d. — An  increased  tinge  of  red,  and  the  grad- 
ual uniform  painting  of  the  memhrane,  indica- 
ting some  excitement  of  the  general  system. 

3d. — The  streaked  appearance  when  inflam- 
mation is  threatening  or  commencing. 

4th. — The  intense  florid  red^  of  inflammation 
heing  acute. 

5th. — The  starting  of  the  vessels  from  their 
gossamer  coat,  and  their  seeming  to  run  hare 
over  fhe  memhranes,  when  inflammation  has 
attained  its  highest  point. 

6th. — The  pale  ground,  with  patches  of  vivid 
red,  showing  the  half  subdued  hut  still  exist- 
ing fever. 


28  MEMBRANES   OF  THE  NOSE. 

(Ttli. — The  uniform  color,  but  of  a  deeper  red 
than  natural,  indicating  the  return  of  a  healthy 
state  of  the  circulation. 

8th. — A  paleness  approaching  to  white,  with 
a  slight  radiation  of  crimson,  showing  t^at 
there  is  still  considei%ble  irritability,  and  that 
mischief  may  be  in  the  wind. 

9th. — The  pale,  livid  color,  warning  you  that 
the  disease  is  assuming  a  typhoid  character. 

10th. — The  deep  livid,  announcing  that  the 
typhus  is  establishing,  and  that  the  vital  cur- 
rent is  stagnating. 

11th. — The  brown  or  dirty  painting,  inter- 
mingling with  and  subduing  the  lividness,  de- 
noting that  the  game  is  up. 

12th. — These  appearances  will  be  guides  to 
our  opinions  and  treatment,  which  can  never  be 
too  highly  appreciated. 


THE   EYES.  29 


THE  EYES. 

From  the  eye  of  tlie  horse  we  form  an  idea  of 
his  age.  There  is,  at  the  hack  of  the  eye  a  con- 
siderable quantity  of  fatty  substance,  on  which 
it  may  revolve  easily  without  friction.  In  aged 
horses  much  of  this  disappears,  the  eye  becomes 
sunken,  and  the  pit  above  it  deepens;  The  eye 
is  a  very  important  organ  of  the  horse,  and 
should  be  large,  clear,  shining^  lively,  dark  col- 
ored, round  and  full,  so  that  you  may  look  deep 
into  them;  when  moving  but  a  small  portion  of 
the  white  should  show,  and  the  purchaser  who 
notices  this  should  pause  ere  he  completes  his 
bargain  for  a  horse  that  shows  too  much  of  the 
whites  of  his  eyes. 


30  THE  EARS. 


THE  EABS. 

Those  who  are  acquainted  with  the  nature  of 
the  horse  -psij  much  attention  to  the  size  and 
motion  of  the  ear.  Ears  rather  small  than  large, 
placed  not  too  far  apart,  erect  and  quick  in  mo- 
tion, indicate  hoth  breeding  and  spirit,  If  a 
horse  is  frequently  in  the  habit  of  carrying  one 
ear  forward  and  the  other  backward,  and  especi- 
ally when  on  a  journey,  he  generally  possesses 
both  spirit  and  continuance;  and  if  attentive  to 
what  is  taking  place  about  him,  he  cannot  be 
'much  fatigued  or  likely  soon  to  become  so. 


THE   STAGGERS.  81 


STAGGEKS. 

A  numlDer  of  opinions  have  been  adv^ced  in 
relation  to  the  origin  and  seat  of  this  disease. 
Some  think  that  it  is  confined  entirely  to  the 
head,  while  others  say  that  the  lungs  are  also 
affected;  that  it  originates  in  the  stomach,  from 
which  it  is  removed  hy  the  action  of  the  lympa- 
tic  vessels,  and  being  thrown  into  the  circula- 
tion is  diffused  throughout  the  entire  system^ 
and  carried  by  the  arteries  into  the  lungs, 
through  which  all  the  blood  in  a  horse's  body 
passes  many  times  during  an  hour,  where  it  un- 
dergoes a  change,  thus  depositing  a  portion  of 
the  poisonous  matter  that  had  been  received  into 
the  stomach  in. the  lungs.  It  is  common  to 
horses  of  all  ages  and  conditions,  and  is  a  very 
rare  case  where  it  does  not  prove  fatal. 


Symptoms. 


The  symptoms  in  this  disease  are  feebleness, 
drowsiness,  loss  of  appetite,  a  constant  hanging 


32  THE   STAGGERS. 

of  tlie  head,  with  inflamed  eyes,  nearly  closed; 
he  kicks,  rears  and  plunges,  seemingly  uncon- 
scious of  what  he  -is  doing;  it  is  dangerous  for 
any  one  to  approach  him  in  this  state;  the  fears 
and  forehead  hot,  accompanied  by  a  burning 
fever. 

Treatment — Kemedy. 

The  first  step  to  be  taken  in  this  disease  is  to 
relieve  the  overloaded  organs  of  the  brain,  which 
should  be  done  by  opening  the  neck  or  jugular 
vein  with  a  large  lancet,  that  the  blood  may  flow 
freely.  No  definite  quantity  of  blood  need  be 
taken,  but  let  it  run  until  the  horse  begins  to 
falter  and  blow;  or,  perhaps,  with  niore  assur- 
ance of  success,  until  he  falls.  Immediately 
after  inject  freely  with  warm  water,  and  give  as 
a  drench  ^  ounce  of  aloes^  ^  ounce  of  ginger^ 
and  I  pint  of  warm  water;  feed  on  bran  mash 
and  green  meal. 


RABIES   OR   MADNESS.  33 

RABIES  or.  MADNESS. 

If  a  horso  be  bitten  by  a  dog  or  horse  tbat  is 
affectpd  with  rabies  or  madness^  the  wound 
should  be  well  burned  out  with  causl^c,  (nitriate 
of  silver,)  and  on  the  third  day  after  remove  tbe 
scab  and  repeat  the  operation.  The  caustic 
should  reach  every  part  of  the  wound. 

The  following  remedy  has  often  been  admin- 
isteredj  and  found  effectual  in  nine  cases  out  ^of 
every  ten.     Take 

2  ounces  of  fresh  leaves  of  tree-box, 

2       "  '         ''  of  rue, 

i  "  sage, 
*  Chop  these  very  fine  and  boil  in  a  pint  of  water 
down  to  half  a  pint;  strain  carefully,  and  press 
out  the  liquor,  put  back  the  ingredients  into  a 
pint  of  milk,  and  boil  again  to  half  a  pint; 
strain  as  before,  mix  both  liquors,  which  forms 
three  doses  for  a  human  subject.  Double,  this 
quantity  for  a  horse  or  cow.  Two-thirds  of  the 
quantity  is  sufiicient  for  a  large  dog,  half  for  a 
.middling  sized,  and  one-third  for  a  small  dog. 
Three  doses  are  sufficient  each  subsequent  morn- 
ing fasting,  giving  the  quantity  directed,  being 
that  which  forms  these  three  doses. 

3 


34  INJURY   OF   THE   EYE. 

INJURY  OF  THE  EYE. 

The  eye  itself  of  the  horse  is  rarely  injured 
hy  blows  and  bruises  carelessly  inflicted  by  pas- 
sionate persons,  but  the  substance  that  surrounds 
it  may  be  seriously  wounded,  and  considerable 
inflammation  ensue — this  may  be  abated  by  the 
application  of  poultices,  bleeding  and  physicing. 
Sometimes  the  eye-lids  become  inflamed  from 
the  same  cause — fomentations  of  warm  water 
will  be  serviceable  in  this  case.  The  horse  occa- 
sionally has  a  scaly  eruption  on  the  edges  of  the 
eye-lids,  attended  with  much  itching,  in  the 
efibrt  to  allay  which  the  eye  is  often  blemished 
by  being  rubbed  against  some  hard  substance — 
the  nitriated  ointment  of  quicksilver,  mixed 
with  an  equal  quantity  of  lard  may  be  slightly 
rubbed  on  the  edges  of  the  lids,  with  good  effect. 
Warts  are  sometimes  attached  to  the  edges  of 
the  lids,  and  are  a  source  of  great  irritation — 
they  should  be  removed  with  a  pair  of  sharp 
sicssors^  and  their  roots .  touched  with  lunar 
caustic.  In  common  inflammation  of  the  eye, 
free  bleeding,  cooling  applications,  physic  and 
mash  diet  will  usually  allay  the  evil;  the  tinc- 
ture of  opium  is  a  good  lotion. 


LAMPASS.  35 


LAMPASS. 

The  lampass  is  a  swelling  of  the  gums  on  the 
innerside  of  the  upper  jaw,  to  which  young 
horses  are  mostly  subject,  and  sometimes  suffer 
considerably  before  it  is  discovered. 

In  some  cases  the  swelling  will  subside  with- 
out further  medical  treatment  than  administer- 
ing a  few  alteratives,  and  feeding  on  bran 
mashes,  but  should  this  fail  it  will  have  to  be 
cured  by  cutting  across  the  bars  with  a  lancet  or 
pen-knife.  If,  however,  it  returns  in  three  or 
four  months  after  this  operation,  which  it  some- 
times d(5es,  take  a  sharp,  flat  piece  of  iron,  a 
little  crooked  at  one  end,  heat  it  and  burn  out 
the  disease  a  little  below  the  level  of  the  teeth, 
being  very  careful  not  to  let  the  iron  rest  or  bear 
against  the  teeth.  After  this  operation  give  the 
horse  a  little  meal,  mixed  with  a  small  quantity 
of  salt,  and  feed  on  mashes. 


36  PROCESS  OF  TEETHINO. 


THE  PROCESS  OF  TEETHING. 

At  IJ  years  of  age  tlie  mark  in  the  central 
nippers  will  be  much  shorter  and  feinter;  that 
in  the  other  pairs  will  have  undergone  an  evi- 
dent change,  and  all  the  nippers  become  flat. 

At  2  3'ears  this  will  be  more  manifest,  and 
about  this  period  a  fifth  will  appear.  Now, 
likewise,  another  process  is  commencing:  the 
first  teeth  are  adapted  to  the  size  and  wants  of 
the  young  animal,  and  are  sufficiently  large  to 
fill  the  colt's  jaws. 

At  3  years  old  the  horse  should  have  the  cen- 
tral permanent  nippers  growing,  the  other  two 
pairs  wasting  away;  six  grinders  iii  each  jaw 
above  and  below,  the  first  and  fifth  level  with 
the  others,  and'the  sixth  protruding;  the  sharp 
edge  of  the  new  incisors,  which  will  be  very  evi- 
dent when  compared  to  the  neighboring  teeth. 


PROCO^SS   OF   TEETHIXa.  37 

At  4  years  tlie  central  nippers  will  be  fully 
developed,  witli  the  edge  somewhat  worn  off, 
and  the  mark  in  them  shorter,  wider  and  feinte-^- 
the  next  pair  will  have  made  their  aj)pearance 
with  the  mark  deep^  and  extending  entirely 
across  them.  The  corner  nippers  will  he  larger 
than  the  inside  ones,  yet  smaller  than  they  were 
and  flat,  with  the  mark  nearly  effaced.  The 
sixth  grinder  will  have  become  level  with  the 
others,  and  the  tushes  beginning  to  make  their 
appearance. 

At  5  years  the  horse's  mouth  is  almost  per- 
fect. The  corner  nippers  are  quite  up  with  the 
long,  deep  mark,  irregular  on  the  inside,  and 
the  other  nippers  bearing  evident  tokens  of  in- 
creasing wearing.  The  tush  is  much  grown, 
the  grooves  have  almost  or  quite  disaj)peared, 
and  the  outer  surface  is  regularly  convex: 

At  6  years  the  mark  on  the  central  nippers  is 
worn  out,  though  there  is  still  a  difference  in 
the  color  of  the  centre  of  the  teeth.  The  ce- 
ment filling  the  hole,  made  by  the  dipping  in 
of  enamel,  will  present  a  browner  hue  than  the 
other  part  of  the  teeth. 


38'  PROCESS   OF   TEETIHXG. 

At  Y  years  the  mark  in  the  manner  which,  we 
have  described  it^  has  worn  out  in  the  four  cen- 
tral nippers,  and  is  fast  disappearing  in  the 
corner  teeth;  the  tush  also  is  beginning  to  alter 
— it  is  rounding,  at  the  point,  the  edges,  and 
without,  and  beginning  to  get  round  inside. 

At  8  years  old  the  tush  is  rounded  in  every 
way,  the  mark  has  disappeared  from  all  the  bot- 
tom nip23ers,  and  it  may  almost  be  said  to  be  out 
of  the  mouth.  There  is  nothing  remaining  in 
the  bottom  nippers  afterward  that  can  clearly 
show  the  age  of  the  horse. 


CHEST  FOUNDER.  39 


CHEST  FOUNDER 

I  believe  this  disease  to  be  nothing  more  than 
the  rheumatism,  produced  by  suffering  the  horse 
to  remain  too  long  tied  u,p  and  exposed  to  the 
coldj  or  riding  him  against  a  very  bleak  Avind. 

.  Symptoms. 

The  horse  has  considerable  stiffness  in  mov- 
ing, evidently  not  arising  from  the  feet;  there 
is  a  tenderness  about  the  muscles  of  the  breast 
and  occasional  swelling;  it  is  sometimes  accom- 
panied with  a  considerable  degree  of  fever. 

Treatment — Kemedy. 

Bleeding,  physic,  and  a  rowel  in  the  chest, 
warm  stabling  and  warm  clothing,  with  occa- 
sional doses  of  antimonial  powder,  will  soon 
subdue  the  complaint. 


40  INFLAMMATION. 


INFLAMMATION. 

Inflammation  consists  of  an  increased  flow  of 
the  blood  to  and  through  the  parts.  The  proper 
mode  of  abating  which  is  to  lessen  the  quan- 
tity of  blood — if  we  take  away  the  fuel;  the  fire 
will  go  out — all  other  means  are  comparatively 
unimportant  contrasted  with  bleeding.  Blood 
is  generally  extracted  from  the  jugular  vein,  so 
that  the  general  quantity  may  be  lessened,  but 
if  it  can  be  taken  from  the  neighborhood  of  the 
diseased  part,  it  will  be  productive  of  tenfold 
benefit:  one  quart  of  blood  extracted  from  the 
foot  in  acute  founder,  will  do  more  good  than 
five  quarts  taken  from  the  general  circulation; 
an  ounce  of  blood  obtained  by  scarifying  the 
swollen  vessels  of  the  inflamed  ey^,  will  give  as 
much  relief  to  that  organ  as  a  copious  bleeding 
from  the  jugular.  This  is  a  principle  in  the 
animars  nature  which  should  never  be  lost  sight 
of;  hence  the  necessity  for  bleeding  early  and 
largely  in  inflammation  of  the  lungs,  or  of  the 
bowels,  or  of  the  brain,  or  of  any  important  or- 
gan.    Many  hordes  are  lost  for  want  of,  or  in- 


INPLAMMATION.  41 

sufficiency  in  Weeding,  but  we  never  knew  of 
one  being  materially  injured  by  the  most  copi- 
ous extraction  of  blood. 

It  is  very  difficult  to  decide  when  a  cold  or 
hot  apiDlication  is  to  be  used,  and  no  general 
rule  can  be  laid  down^  except  that  in  cases  of 
inflammation  in  the  early  stages,  cold  will  be 
preferable,  but  when  the  inflammation  is  deeper 
seated  or  fully  established,  warm  fomentations 
will  be  found  most  serviceable.  Stimulating 
applications  are  frequently  used  in  local  inflam- 
mation. When  the  disease  is  deeply  seated,  a 
stimulating  application  to  the  skin  will  cause 
some  irritation  and  inflammation  there,  and 
lessen  or  remove  the  malady;  hence  the  use 
of  rowels  and  blisters  in  inflammation  of  the 
chest.  If  we  excite  it  in  one,  ;tve  shall  abate  it 
in  the  other, — and  also,  by  the  discharge  which 
we  establish  from  the  one,  we  shall  lessen  the 
determination  of  the  other.  Stimulating  and 
blistering  applications  should  never  be  applied 
to  a  part  that  is  already  inflamed.  A  fire 
will  not  go  out  by  heaping  more  fuel  upon  it; 
hence  the  mischief  which  is  often  done  by  rub- 
bing those  abominable  oils  on  a  recent  sprain, 


42  Inflammation.  v 

hot  and  tender.  Many  a  horse  has  been  ruined 
by  this  absurd  treatment,  when  the  heat  and 
tenderness  have  disappeared  by  the  use  of  cold 
lotions  or  fomentations.  When  the  leg  or 
sprained  part  remains  enlarged  long  or  matter 
threatens  to  be  deposited,  it  may  be  right  to 
excite  inflammation  of  the  skin  by  a  blister,  in 
order  to  rouse  the  deeper  seated  absorbants  to 
action  and  enable  them  to  take  up  this  deposit; 
but,  except  to  hasten  the  natural  process  and 
effects  of  inflammation,  a  blister  or  stimulating 
application  should  never  be  applied  to  a  part 
already  inflamed. 


^ 


INFLAMMATION   OF  THE  LARYNX.  43 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LAKYNX. 

He  who  is  desirous  of  ascertaining  whether 
there  is  any  disease  in  the  larynx  of  a  horse, 
should  apply  his  ear  to  the  lower  part  of  the 
w^indpipe.  If  he  finds  that  the  air  passes  in  and 
out  without  interruption,  there  is  no  disease  of 
anj  consequence,  either  in  the  w^indpipe  or  the 
chest,  for  it  would  he  immediately  detected  by 
the  loudness  or  the  interruption  of  the  murmur. 
Then  let  him  gradually  proceed  up  the  neck 
with  his  ear  still  upon  the  windpipe;  perhaps  he 
soon  begins  to  recognize  a  little  gurgling  sound. 
He  can  have  no  surer  proof  that  there  is  the 
seat  of  the  disease. 


Treatment — Remedy. 

The  treatment  here  is  very  plain:  Blood  must 
be  copiously  extracted  from  the  jugular  vein, 
which  must  be  done  quickly,  letting  it  run  until 


44  INFLAMMATION   OF   THE   LARYNX. 

the  pulse  begins  to  flutter,  then  administer  the 
fever  medicine: 

I  draclim  digitalis, 

II  "        emetic  tartar, 
3       "        nitre, 

^  ounce  aloes, 
Which  must  be  repeated  twice  or  thrice  in  the 
day.  Aloes  may  be  safely  given  at  this  stage 
of  the  disease,  because  the  chest  is  not  yet  im- 
plicated. To  this  must  be  added  immediately 
a  blister,  and  a  sharp  one. 


EPIDEMICS. 

In  epidemics  all  offensive  matter  should  be 
immediately  and  carefully  cleared  away,  and 
no  small  portion  of  the  chloride  of  lime  used  in 
washing  the  stables,  troughs,  &c.,  and  particu- 
larly his  ulcers,  &c. 


CHRONIC   COUGH.  45 

.  *      CHRONIC  COUGH, 

If  a  liarsli  hollow  coiigli  is  accompanied  by  a 
staring  coat;  it  proceeds  from  irritability  of  the 
air  -passages^  which  will  he  discovered  by  the 
horse  coughing  after  drinking^  or  when  he  first 
goes  out  of  the  stable  in  the  morning^  or  by 
occasionally  snorting  out  thick  mucus  from  the 
nose,  medicine  may  be  given  with  advantage  to 
diminish  the  irritation;  generally  small  doses 
of  digitalis,  emetic  tartar  and  nitre  administered 
at  nio-ht.     Take 

Digitalis  J  drachm, 

Emetic  tartar  1  drachm, 

Nitre  1  drachm. 
This  should  be  mixed  into  a  ball  with  tar  and 
given  every  night  regularly  for  a  considerable 
length  of  time.  A  blister  extending  from  the 
root  of  one  ear  to  that  of  the  other,  taking  in 
the  whole  of  the  channel  and  reaching  six  or 
eight  inches  down  the  windpipe  has  been  tried 
with  good  eifect.  Feeding  has  much  infltience 
on  this  complaint:  too  much  dry  meat,  and  es- 
pecially chaff  increases  it;  carrots  afford  decided 
Eelief. 


46  THICK   OR  BROKEN  WIND. 


THICK  OR  BROKEN  WIND. 

There  is  no  remedy  for  the  cure  of  this  but 
it  may  be  improved.  The  horse  should  have 
full  proportions  of  solid  food,  but  very  little 
hay,  and  no  chaff;  he  should  not  be  worked  im- 
mediately after  a  heavy  meal;  water  should  be 
given  in  moderate  quantities,  but  the  horse 
should  not  be  suffered  to  drink  as  much  as  he 
likes  until  the  day's  work  is  over;  green  meat 
wdll  always  be  serviceable,  and  carrots  are  par- 
ticularly useful. 


PHYSICINQ.  ,    47 

PHTSICINa. 

%  A  horse  sliould  be  carefully  prepared  for  the 
action  of  physic.  Two  or  three  bran  mashes 
given  on  that  or  the  preceding  day,  which  should 
be  continued  until  the  dung  becomes  softened, 
as  a  less  quantity  of  physic  will  then  suffice. 
On  the  day  which  the  physic  is  given,  the  horse 
should  have  walking  exercise,  or  may  be  gently 
trotted  for  a  quarter  of  an  hour  twice  in  the 
day;  but  after  the  physic  begins  to  work,  he 
should  not  be  moved  from  his  stall.  A  little 
hay  may  be  put  in  the  rack,  and  as  much  mash 
given  as  the  horse  will  eat,  and  as  much  water 
as  he  will  drink  with  the  coldness  off.  Aloes  is 
the  best  purgative,  for  there  is  no  other  that  is  at 
once  so  sure  and  safe — the  dose  is  from  J  to  1 
ounce,  if  the  horse  is  properly  prepared.  The 
only  other  purgative  on  which  dependence  can  be 
•placed  is  the  croton;  the  dose  varies  from  1  scru- 
ple to  J  a  drachm.  Linseed  oil  is  an  uncertain 
but  safe  purgative,  in  doses  from  a  pint  to  a  pint 
and  a  half  Epsorn  salts  are  an  inefficacious  ^ 
remedy  except  in  the  immense  dose  of  a  pound 
and  a  half,  and  then  they  are  not  always  safe. 


48  8PRAIX3   OF   THE   BACK   SIXEWS. 

SPEAINS  OF  THE  BACK  SINEWS, 

Sliould  there  remain  the  slightest  lameness 
or  enlargement^  the  leg  must  be  blistered;  ai?^ 
it  would  geldom  be  a  bad  practice  to  blister  after 
every  case  of  severe  sprain.  The  inflammation 
may  lay  deep,  and  tlie  part  once  sprained  may 
long  remain  v/eak^  and  subject  to  renewed 
injury,  notfroQi  unusual  but  ordinary  exertion. 
The  horse  should  be  afterwards  turned  out  for 
one  or  two  months. 

We  must  here  again  repeat*  that  a  blister 
should  never  be  used  wliiic  anv  heat  remains. 


ENLAEGEMENT  OF  THE  HOCK. 

A  horse  with  an  enlarged  hock  must  always 
be  regarded  with  suspicion:  in  truth  he  is  un- 
sound. The  animal  may  discharge  his  usual 
work  during  a  long  period,  without  return  of 
lameness,  but  when  all  his  energies  are  required, 
the  weakened  part  will  fail.  The  treatment  is 
plain  enough:  fomentations,  blistering,  &:g.  may 
remedy  the  evil. 


IPR 


SPRAIN  OF  THE  COFFIN  JOINT. 


AIN  OF  THE  COFFIN  JOINT. 


9Hf  proof  of  tliis  is  when  the  lameness  is 
sudden,  and  tlie  heat  and  tenderness  are  princi- 
pally felt  around  the  cornet.  Bleeding  at  the 
to^  physic^  fomentations  and  blisters  are  the 
TilRal  means  adopted.  This  lameness  is  not 
easfiy  temoved  even  by  a  blister,  and  if  removed 
like  sprains  of  the  fetlock  and  of  the  back  sin- 
ews, it  is  apt  to  return  again.  Sprains  of  the 
coffin  joint  sometimes  become  a  very  serious 
affair;  not  being  attended  by  any  swelling,  and 
being  detected  only  by  heat  around  the  coronet. 
First  reduce  the  heat  by  fomentations:  say  bathe 
the  foot  with  water  as  warm  as  the  hand  will 
bear,  fomentate  with  this  for  15  or  20  minutes 
— the  long  continuance  of  fomentations  has  been 
found  very  efficacious  in  reducing  inflammation; 
lext  apply  a  clay  poultice  made  with  vinegar^ 
and  when  getting  dry  moisten  by  pouring  vine- 
gar on  the  foot  and  clay.  After  the  heat  has 
left  the  parts,  then  blister.  The  horse  should 
not  be  used  for  a  month  or  two. 
4 


50  GREASE; 


GKEASE. 

Grease   consists    of  swollen   legs,    al^W^li 
swelled  legs  occur  frequently,  yet  there   is  no 
grease.     Friction  and  bandaging  will  generally 
remove  this.     Grease  is  a  specific  inflammation 
of  the  skin  of  the  heels,  sometimes  of  the  fore- 
feet, hut  oftener  of  the  hinder  ones.     It  is  not 
a    contagious  disease,   as    some   have   asserted 
although  when  it  once  appears  in  a  stahle.i1 
frequently  attacks  almost  every  horse  ill  if?-^ 
Bad  stable  management  is  the  true  cause^of  it.' 
The  first  appearance  of  grease  is  usually^a.dry 
and  scurfy  state  of  the  skin  of  the  heel,  witli 
redness,  heat  and  itching.     The  heel  should  br 
well  but  gently  washed  with  soap  and  wa^^r^ 
and  as  much  of  the  scurf  detached  as  is  easll; 
removed.     If  the  cracks  are  deep,  with  an  ich^ 
orous  discharge  and  considerable  lameness,  iT^ 
will  be  necessary  to  poultice.     A  poultice  made 
of  carrots  boiled  soft  and  mashed  will  answer 
the  purpose.     The  efficacy  of  a  carrot  poultice 
is  seldom  sufficiently  appreciated  in  cases  like 
this.     The  poultice  just  referred  to  should  be 


GREASE.  51 

diligently  applied  at  night,  to  insure  success, 
and  when  the  heat  and  tenderness  and  stiffness 
of  motion  have  diminished,  astringent  lotions 
should  be  applied.  Either  the  alum  lotion  or  a 
strong  decoction  of  oak  bark — perhaps  the  alum 
\  dissolved  in  whiskey  will  do  better  than  water, 
or  the  alum  dissolved  in  a  decoction  of  bark  will 
answer  better  than  either.  This  disease  requires 
perseverance — the  ^decoctions  should  be  made 
very  strong.  After  washing  several  times  should 
tliOre  be  watery  matter  on  the  heels  or  leg^  wash 
iCiS  with  water  and  soap.  Moderate  physic- 
igj  bran  mashes,  &c.  will  be  found  very  bene- 
cial.  The  above  decoctions  will  never  fail  to 
cure  the  scratches. 


52  ACUTE  FOUNDER. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  FEET,  ACUTE 
FOUNDER. 


This  is  a  disease  fhat  was  less  understood  than  ^U 
any  other  until  very  recently.     It  often  arises  »*     ^ 
by  allowing  a  horse  that  is  very  much  heated  to 
stand  in  the  snow  or  cold  water  for  any  length 
of  time,  or  where  he  is  apt  to  become  chilled, 
which  produces  a  general  stiffness  thro uglj^uti 
the  entire  system;  bat  it  will  soon  be  observed 
that  the  seat  of  the  disease  is  in  the  feet,  by  the^ 
^disinclination  of  the  horse  to  remain  upon  thei 

Symptoms. 

The  earliest  symptoms  of  fever  in  the  fee 
restiveness,  frequent  shifting  of  the  fore 
but  no  pawing.     The  pulse  is  quickened,  ^hd 
flanks  heaving,  the  nostrils  red^  and  his  moa 
ing  indicating  great  pain.     He  looks  about  his 
litter,  as  if  preparing  to  lie  down;  he  continiiH 
to  shift  his  weight  from  foot  to  foot;  he  is  afrai^ 
to  draw  his  feet  sufiiciently  under  him  for  the 
purpose  of  lying  down,  but  at  length  he  drop 


tie  ^  A 


ACUTE  FOUNDER.  53 

His  lying  down  will  distinguish  inflammation 
of  the  feet  from  that  of  the  lungs,  in  which  the 
horse  obstinately  persists  in  standing  until  he 
drops.  His  quietness  when  down  will  distin- 
guish it  from  colic  or  inflammation  of  the  bowels. 
He  will  point  out  the  seat  of  the  disease  by 
looking  at  the  part;  his  muzzle  will  often  rest 
0^  the  feet  or  affected  foot. 

Treatment — Kemedy  No.  1. 

The  treatment  in  this  disease  resembles  that 
of  other  inflammations.  Bleeding  is  indispensa- 
ble and  that  to  its  fullest  extent.  Four  quarts  of 
blood  should  be  taken  from  the  toe  of  the  foot, 
which  may  be  put  into  warm  water  to  quicken 
the  flow  of  blood.  Poultices  of  linseed  meal^ 
made  very  soft,  should  cover  the  whole  of  the 
foot  and  pastern,  and  be  frequently  renewed. 
This  will  relieve  its  painful  pressure  on  the 
swelled  and  tender  parts  beneath.  The  shoe 
should  be  removed,  the  sole  pared  as  thin  as  pos- 
sible, the  crust  and  quarters  well  washed — all 
this  should  be  done  gently.  Sedatives  and  cool- 
ing medicines  should  be  diligently  administered, 
consisting  of  digitalis_,  nitre  and  tartar  emetic. 


54  ACUTE.  FOUNDER. 

1  drachm  digitales,  2  draclims  tartar  emetic,  3 
drachm  saltpetre.  If  no  amendment  is  appa- 
rent after  this,  blood  should  again  be  extracted 
on  the  following  day.  In  extreme  cases,  a  third 
bleeding  may  be  justifiable,  and  instead  of  the 
poultice,  cloths  kept  wet  with  water  in  which 
nitre  has  been  dissolved,  in  the  proportion  of 
an  ounce  of  nitre  to  a  pint  of  water.  The 
cloths  should  be  wrapped  around  the  feet. 

Treatment — Kemedy  No.  2. 

Take  1  quart  sweet  milk,  1  quart  molasses, 
J  oz.  pulverized  saltpetre,  mix  and  dissolve  all 
together,  give  in  2  drenches  about  5  minutes 
apart:  this  is  highly  recommended  by  those  who 
have  tried  it. 


RESTIVEXESSj    OR   TA:vnNG   HORSES.  55 


EESTIYENESS,  OR  TAMING  HOKSES. 

IVIr.  Catlin  lias  publislied  an  account,  the 
veracity  of  which  is  unimpeached,  of  his  travels 
among  the  North  American  Indians.  ^'He  coils 
his  lasso  on  his  arm  and  gallops  fearlessly  into 
the  herd  of  wild  horses.  He  soon  gets  it  over 
the  neck  of  one  of  the  number,  when  he  instantly 
dismounts,  leaving  his  own  horse,  letting  the 
lasso  pass  out  gradually  and  carefully  through 
his  hands  until  the  horse  falls  for  want  of  breath. 
The  Indian  advances,  keeping  the  lasso  tight 
upon  his  neck  until  he  fastens  a  pair  of  hobbles 
on  the  animals  two  fore  feet^ — then  passing  a 
noose  round  the  under  jaw  by  which  he  obtains 
great  power  over  the  affrighted  animal,  that  is 
rearing  and  plunging  when  it  gets  breath.  By 
this  means  he  gradually  advances  until  he  is 
able  to  place  his  hand  on  the  animal's  nose  and 
over  its  eyes,  and  at  length  to  breathe  into  its 
nostrijs,  when  it  soon  becomes  docile  and  con- 
quered; so  that  he  has  little  else  to  do  than 
remove  the  hobbles  from  its  feet,  and  lead  or 
ride  it  to  the  camp." 


56  BESTIYEXESS,  OR  TAMING  HORSES. 

Mr.  A.  B.  Moss  happened  to  read  this  ac- 
count, and  he  felt  a  natural  desire  to  ascertain 
how  far  this  mode  of  horse  training  might  be 
employed  among  the  American  horses.  He 
soon  had  an  opportunity  of  putting  the  veracity 
of  the  story  to  the  test.  A  man  on  a  neighbor- 
ing farm  was  attempting  to  break  a  very  restive 
colt,  which  had  foiled  him  in  every  possible  way. 
After  several  attempts,  he  succeeded  in  breath- 
ing into  one  of  the  horse's  nostrils,  and  from 
that  moment  all  became  easy.  The  horse  was 
completely  subdued.  He  suffered  himself  to  be 
led  quietly  away  with  a  loose  halter,  and  was 
perfectly  at  command. 


BROOD   MARES.  ST 


BROOD  MARES. 


Great  care  and  attention  should  be  paid  to 
brood  mares,  particularly  three  or  four  weeks 
before  foaling.  She  should  be  worked  up  to  the 
day  of  foalingj  being  very  careful  not  to  over- 
work or  exert  her  too  much;  light  and  moder- 
ate work  is  an  advantage  to  the  animal  with 
foal.  She  should  be  fed  on  a  little  flax  seed 
meal,  or  the  whole  seed  if  the  meal  cannot  be 
obtained,  twice  a  week  at  least  six  or  eight 
weeks  before  foaling,  and  should  never  fail  to 
to  turn  out  to  grass  of  a  night  for  several 
weeks  previous  to  foaling.  Should  be  fed  on 
bran  mash  through  the  winter,  and  up  to  the 
time  of  foaling,  vrhich  Y>'ill  be  found  very  ad- 
vantageous to  both  mare  and  colt.  There  is 
nothing  so  refreshing  as  a  bran  mash  with  a 
little  salt  in  it,  adding  a  reasonable  quantity  of 
corn  and  oats.  If  this  course  and  caution  is 
taken  jiou  will  not  loose  one  mare  out  of  a  hun- 
dred, and  perhaps  not  one  out  of  a  thousand. 


58  WAKTS. 


WARTS. 


Warts  are  found  on  tlie  eye-lids,  the  muzzel^ 
the  ears,  the  belly,  the  neck,  the  penis,  and  the 
prepuce.  There  are  some  caustics  available,  but 
frequently  they  must  be  removed  by  an  opera- 
tion. 

If  the  root  is  a  very  small  it  may  be  snapped 
asunder  close  to  the  skin  with  a  pair  of  scissors, 
and  touched  with  lunar  caustic. 

If  the  pedicle  or  stem  is  somewhat  larger,  a 
ligature  of  waxed  silk  should  be  passed  firmly 
round  it  and  tightened  every  day.  The  source 
of  nutriment  being  thus  removed  the  tumor  will 
in  a  short  time  die  and  drop  off. 

If  the  warts  are  large  or  in  considerable  clus- 
ters, it  will  be  necessary  to  cast  the  horse  in 
order  to  cut  them  off  close  to  the  skin.  The 
root  should  then  be  seared  with  a  red  hot  ironJ 
unless  these  precautions  are  used  the  warts  will 
speedily  sprout  out  again. 


A  COMPLETE  LIST 

OF 
AND  THEIR  USES. 


► 


60  CELEBRATED   HOUSE   POWDERS. 

CELEBRATED  HORSE  POWDERS. 

For  THE  CURE  OF  Yellow  Water,  Hide  Bound, 
Grub  Worms,  Bots,  &c. 

These  powders  will  cleanse  the  blood  and  give 
new  life  and  vigor  to  the  animal,  its  effects  will 
soon  he  made  apparent.  They  are  harmless  and 
can  he  fed  with  safety.     Take 

^  pound  gentian  root. 

1      '^      flour  of  brimstone, 

1       ^^      fenugreek, 

^      "      alum, 

^      ^/      gum  assafoetida, 

1      '^      rosin, 

J      ^'      angelica  root, 

J      "      rhubarb, 

J      "      columbo, 

1      "      copperas, 

1      "      cut  and  dried  tobacco, 

J      "      cream  of  tartar, 

J      "      red  tartar, 

1      "      epsom  salts, 

1      "      juniper  berries, 

^      "      garden  benedict, 


CELEBRATED   HORSE  POWDERS,  ^     61 

J  pound  salts  of  nitre, 

1      "      spice  berries, 
«    .        1      "      antimony^ 

1      "      ginger, 
Mix  and  pulverize  well.     The  glass  should  be 
ground  through  a  fine  mill  two  or  three  times. 
If  the  benedict  and  spice  berries  cannot  be  ob- 
tained it  will  do  well  without  them. 


r> 


DIRECTIOXS   FOR   USE. 


he  dose  is  1  table  spoonful  night  and  morn- 
ing, with  bran  mash  or  bats,  which  can  be  in- 
creased or  diminished  to  suit  the  case.  By 
leaving  out  tobacco  it  will  make  an  excellent 
powder  for  cows,  hogs,  sheep,  &c. 


m    TO  CUKE  GALDS  ON  HOESES. 

Take  dry  white  lead  and  sprinkle  it  on  the 
gald  twice  a  day,  which  will  dry  it  up  and  cure 
it  in  a  short  time. 


.  62  ^RABIAN   OIL  FOR  HORSES. 


ARABIAN  OIL  FOR  HORSES. 

This  oil  is  an  excellent  mixture  for  sprains, 
swellings,  galds,  &c.  either  for  a  human  subject 
or  a  horse.     Take 

1  quart  of  linseed  oil, 

1  pint  of  turpentine, 

4  ounces  oil  of  origanum 

6     "         oil  of  spike, 

6     '^        spirits  of  camphor, 

1  "  oil  of  sassafras. 
Mix  and  shake  well  before  using,  and  keep  the 
vessel  that  contains  it  well  corked.  The  spirits 
of  camphor  is  made  by  taking  95  per  cent, 
alcohol,  adding  as  much  gum  camphor  as  it 
will  dissolve.  mK 


• 


FOR  THE  BOTS.  ^ 

Dissolve  in  a  pint  of  milk  warm  water  J-  lb. 
of  alum  and  give  it  as  a  drench;  in  ten  minu- 
tes after  give  1  pint  of  linseed  oil.       .    . 


AN  INFALLIBLE   LOTION.  63 

AN  INFALLIBLE  LOTION. 

FOR  BLOWS,    BRUISES,   SWELLINtlS,  SPRAINS,  &C. 

This  lotion  is  truly  astonishing  in  its  effects, 
and  cannot  be  surpassed  for  the  purposes  for 
which  it  is  intended.  Dissolve  2  ounces  of  gum 
camphor  in  1  pint  of  ^o  per  cent,  alcohol,  and 
when  dissolved  add 

2  ounces  oil  of  turpentine, 
2     "         spirits  sal  amoniac, 

1  "    ,    oil  origanum, 

2  tablespoonsful  laudanum. 

This  lotion  must  be  well  rubbed  in  with  the 
hand  for  a  full  quarter  of  an  hour  every  time  it 
is  used,  which  should  be  four  times  a  day. 


^  FOR  THE  BLACK  TONGUE. 

Tak^a  handful  of  fine  salt  and  rub  well  upon 
the  tongue  of  the  horse  that  has  this  disease, 
which  will  effect  a  cure  in  two  applications.  It 
is  an  infallible^  simple  and  cheap  remedy. 


64  LOTION  FOR   SCRATCHES  OR   GREASE. 


LOTION  FOR  SCRATCHES  OR  GREASE. 

Take  white  oak  bark  and  make  a  strong  de- 
■^oction  of  it  by  boiling;  then  dissolve  a  portion 
of  pulverized  alum  in  the  decoctionj  say  ^  pound 
of  alum  to  a  quart  of  decoctionj  and  it  is  ready 
for  use.  Before  applying  the  lotion,  wash  the 
parts  with  warm  soap  suds  two  or  three  times  a 
day.  '  This  lotion  has  never  been  known  to  fail 
when  properly  applied.  A  lotion  made  of  alum 
and  water  is  said  to  be  good.  ■'" 


TO  QUIET  OR  TAME  HORSES. 

Take  of  the  oil  of  roses  4  drops,  oil  of  cum- 
min 4  drops,  and  a  portion  of  the  wart  or  horney 
substance  that  forms  on  the  leg,  powder  it  fine; 
then  drop  the  oil  in  and  mix  it  in  your  hand, 
put  some  up  the  horse's  nostrils,  and  g^ve  him 
some  in  his  feed.  This  is  said  to  be  a  certain 
remedy  for  taming  horses,  so  that  you  may  han- 
dle them  as  you  please. 


TREATMENT   OF   FOUNDER.  -  65 


TREATMENT  OF  FOUNDER. 

As  soon  as  it  is  ascertained  that  the  horse  is 
foundered,  take  from  the  neck  vein  from  1  to  2 
gallons  of  blood;  then  give  1  ounce  of  pulverized 
alum,  mixed  with  damp  oats;  place  the  horse 
in  a  dry  stall,  ground  floor  is  best,  wrap  the  legs 
U]3  as  high  as  the  knees  and  hock  joints,  with 
WQj(j(Jlen  cloths,  saturate  them  with  cold  v/ater 

fe^ven  or  eight  hours;  give  him  no  food  for 
ty-four  hours,  and  then  let  it  be  a  light 
feed  of  oats  and  bran  mash  mixed.  In  two  or 
three  days  turn  him  ou1*for  exercise.  If  the 
ankles  continue  feverish,  bathe  them  at  night 
with  equal  parts  of  vinegar,  alcohol  and  sweet 
oil. 


FOP.  URINE  BOUND. 

Take  dandeline  leaves,  make  a  strong  decoc- 
tion andf  drench  freely.  A  decoction  made  of 
water-melon  seeds  will  answer  the  same  pur- 
pose. Whiskey  will  generally  accom'plish  the 
object. 


66  .  FOR   THE    DISTEMPER. 


FOR  THE  DISTEMPER. 

Give  the  horse  indigo  water  to  drink:  feed  on 
bran  mash  mixed  with  a  small  quantity  of  sul- 
phor  or  brimstone;  or  you  may  use  some  good 
korse  powders,  adding  thereto  a  little  of  the 
brimstone.  The  easiest  mode  to  tincture  the 
water  with  the  indigo  is  to  put  it  into  a  common 
muslin  bag;  then  dip  the  bag  into  the  water, 
letting  it  remain  until  the  water  becomes  blrre- 
ishj  or  until  you  think  it  contains  a  sufficient 
quantity  of  the  indigo.  Give  no  other  water  to 
drink.     This  is  a  safe  remedy. 


HOOF   OINTMENT. 

Take  1  pound  of  tar  and  1  pound  of  tallow, 
mix  them  with  J  pound  of  common  turpentine 
in  a  stone  ware  dish;  stir  them  until  they  are 
thoroughly  mixed  together.  This  is  an  excel- 
lent dressing  for  sore  hoofs,  for  horses  and  oxen. 


EMBROCATION  FOR  TUB  THROAT.       6T 


ELIBKOCATION  FOE  THE  THROAT. 

This  embrocation  may  be  used  without  taking 
the  hair  off.     Take 

2  ounces  spirits  of  hartshern, 
2     "         oil  of  turpentine, 
2     ^^         spirits  of  camphor, 
1     "         laudanum. 

Mix  well  and  put  into  a  bottle;  keep  it  well 
•fcorked. 


TO  MAKE  ELDER  OINTMENT. 


• 


Take  the  green  leaves  of  elder,  if  they  can  be 
had;  if  not,  take  of  the  inside  bark  any  quantity 
and  lard  in  proportion  to  the  elder,  then  fry  to 
a  crisp,  which  will  be  found  very  efficacious  in 
healing  sores,  scalds,  burns,  i^prains,  or  any  hu- 
morous swelling.  The  elder  alone  fried  in  the 
same  manner  and  strained,  makes  a  much  better 
ointment.  This  is  worth  making  and  keeping 
•on  hand,  as  its  cost  is  a  mere  trifle. 


68  FOE  BLOOD   OR   BOG   SPAVIN". 


FOR  BLOOD  OR  BOG  SPAVIN. 

For  curing  tlie  above  disease  dress  with  mer- 
curial ointment  two  or  three  times,  and  then 
with  iodinepiritment.  To  make  mercurial  oint- 
ment, take  1  ounce  of  quicksilver  to  3  ounces  of 
lard,  heat  both  together  until  thoroughly  mixed. 
Iodine  ointment  is  made  by  mixing  equal  quan- 
tities of  iodine  and  mercurial  ointment  well  to- 
gether, # 


A  GOOD  HOESE  POWDER.  « 

The  following  prescription  will  make  an  ex- 
cellent powder  for  ordinary  purposes.     Take 

2  pounds  sulphor  of  brimstone, 

2       "       cream  of  tartar, 

1       "       antimonia, 

1       "       saltpetre. 
The  dose  of  this  mixture  is  1  table  spoonful 
morning  and  evening.  ' 


ON  BLISTERING.  69 

ON  BLISTEKINa. 

The  Spanish  fly  in  its  action  is  intense,  yet 
superficial.  It  plentifully  raises  the  cuticle,  yet 
rarely  injures  the  true  skin  and  therefore  sel- 
dom blemishes.  The  application  of  other  acrid 
substances  is  occasionally  followed  by  deeply 
seated  ulceration;  but  a  blister  composed  of  the 
Spanish  fly  alone,  while  it  does  its  duty  leaves, 
after  a  few  weeks  have  passed,  scarcely  a  trace 
behind.  The  art  of  blistering  consists  in  cut- 
ting or  rather  shaving  the  hair  close,  then  rub- 
bing on  the  ointment  at  least  ten  minutes.  As 
soon  as  the  vesicles  have  risen,  which  will  be  in 
something  like  20  hours,  you  may  relieve  the 
animal  by  the  application  of  olive  or  neatsfoot 
oil.  In  inflammation  of  the  lungs,  &c.,  it 
should  be  made  to  act  sooner.  The  principle  of 
the  blister  is,  that  no  intense  inflammation  can 
exist  in  the  neighboring  parts  at  the  same  time. 
An  infusion  of  2  ounces  of  the  flies  in  1  pint  of 
oil  of  turpentine,  for  several  days,  is  frequently 
usedj  and  with  good  effect.  This  is  a  sure  and 
safe  remedy.  If  in  the  winter  blanket  the  horse 
to  keep  him  warm  until  he  is  over  it;  put  a 
blanket  over  the  head  also  if  very  cold. 


i 


70  TINCTURE   OF  ALOES   AND   MYRRH. 


TINCTURE  OF  ALOES  AND  MYRRH. 

This  will  answer  well  for  dressing  either  fresh 
or  old  wounds.     Take 

8  ounces  of  jDowdered  aloes, 

1         '^  "        myrrh, 

1  quart  spirits  of  wine, 

1  ounce  water. 
Put  these  into  a  bottle  and  shake  every  day  for 
two  weeks,  when  it  will  be'ready  for  use.  This 
is  an  excellent  pre2:)aration,  and  can  be  relied 
on.  Any  person  having  horses  should  never  be 
without  this  tincture,  the  cost  being  but  a  mere 
trifle,  and  will  often  and  in  every  case  save  time, 
trouble  and  expense,  where  there  is  use  for  it. 


TINCTURE  OF  OPIUM. 

To  make  the  above  take  2  ounces  of  powdered 
opium  and  2  pints  spirits  of  wine,  put  into  a 
bottle  and  shake  well  every  day  for  a  week, 
when  it  will  be  ready  for  use. 


COMMON  BLISTERING  OINTMENT.  11 

COMMON  BLISTERING  OINTMENT. 

To  make  tlie  above  ointment  wliicli  may  be 
used  for  blistering  in  inflammation  of  tbe  lungs, 
bowels^  (fee.     Take 

"  1|  pounds  of  lardj 

2  ounces  venice  turpentine, 

2       "      rosin, 

2J  Spanish  flies,  powdered, 
Melt  the  rosin,  turpentine  and  lard  in  any  com- 
mon vessel,  and  when  tbe  mixture  begins  to  cool 
put  in  the  powdered  flies;  mix  well  by  stirring. 
Before  applying  the  blister  clip  or  shave  the 
hair  off  and  grease,  rub  well  for  ten  minutes. 
After  it  has  acted,  grease  with  lard  or  oil. 


FOR  RING  BONE  OR  SPAVIN.    . 

The  following  will  be  found  very  useful  for 
removing  ring  bone  or  spavin,  or  any  other  bony 
substance.     Take 

8  ounces  of  Spanish  flies, 

1  pound  of  lard, 

1       "      rosin, 

6  ounces  of  venice  turpentine, 


72  RIXG  BOXE   OR  SPAVIN. 

Melt  the  lard,  rosin  and  turpentine  over  a  slow 
fire,  and  when  heginning  to  cool  add  the  Spanish 
flies.  Apply  three  mornings  in  succession;  and 
in  twelve  hours  after  the  last  application  dress 
with  lard;  keep  out  of  the  water  while  hlis- 
tering,  which  may  he  reduced  with  oil  and  used 
for  the  purpose  of  irritating  and  removing  in- 
flammation, lameness,.  &c.  The  horse  should 
not  get  wet  while  hlistering. 


SPIEITS  OF  PIMENTO. 

To  make  spirits  of  pimento  take 

I  pound  of  ground  allspice, 
1  quart  of  alcohol. 
1      "     of  water, 
Put  these  into  a  hottle  and  shake  well  hefore 
using.     It  is  now  ready  for  use  though  it  is  hot- 
ter to  let  it  stand  several  days.     This  is  a  good 
lotion  for  the  wind  colic  after  the  gas  has  heen 
removed. 


TINCTURE  OF  IODINE.  73 


TINCTURE  OF  IODINE. 

To  make  this  tincture  take  1  ounce  of  iodine, 
1  pint  of  spirits  of  wine,  and  mix  well.  It  is 
very  good  for  enlarged  glands  of  tlie  neck,  j.oihts 
and  muscles,  and  may  be  used  twice  a  day  with- 
out taking  the  hair  off. 


LINIMENT  FOR  SPRAINS,  SWELLINGS, 

&c. 

To  make  this  liniment,  which  will  never  fail 
in  curing  sprains,  swellings,  &c.  &c.     Take 

2  ounces  hartshorn, 

2     "        spirits  camphor^ 

1     ^^        oil  of  turpentine, 

^     "        laudanum. 
Mix  well  together  and  put  into  a  bottle,  being 
careful  to  keep  it  well  corked. 


V4  COOLINa  LOTION  FOK  INFLAMMATION. 

COOLINa  LOTION  FOR  INFLAMMATION 

This  is  an  excellent  lotion  for  wonnds  of  the 
eyes,  &c.  to  he  used  after  hleeding  freely.    Take 
2  drachms  sugar  of  lead, 
1     "  'svhite  vitriol, 

•       1  pint  lime  water. 
Put  them  into  a  bottle  and  shake  often,  so  as  to 
dissolve  the  ingredients.     Apply  it  as  a  wash, 
Lathing  the  parts  affected  two  or  three  times  a 
day. 


FOR  THE  SWEANEY. 

This  is  a  troublesome  disease,  and  is  very 
common  amongst  horses.  It  can  easily  be  de- 
tected by  examining  the  withers,  which  will  be 
slightly  sunk,  and  the  skin  becomes  very  tight 
to  the  muscles  and  flesh;  and  if  suffered  to  run 
on,  the  horse  will  get  very  lame  and  the  skin 
tight,  and  the  withers  much  sunken.  I  have 
seen  horses  frequently  have  it  on  the  rump  or 


SWEANEY.  YS 

near  the  liip  bone;  it  would  cause  the  horse  to 
become  very  lame.  This  disease  should  be 
attacked  when  first  discovered,  and  never  suffer 
it  to  run  on  until  the  horse  becomes  very  lame 
and  the  parts  much  sunken. 

Remedy. 

Take  1  pint  strong  vinegar, 
"  1  gill  spirits  turpentine, 
"  1  oz.  pulverized  saltpetre. 
Put  all  into  a  bottle,  shake,  mix  and  dissolve 
well,  and  it  is  fit  for  use.  Rub  the  liniment  on 
the  sunken  parts  with  the  hand  as  much  as  will 
soak  in  twice  a  day,  until  it  becomes  sore,  and 
the  skin  gets  loose;  then  apply  once  a  day  until 
all  is  used.  This  liniment  will  never  fail  in 
curing  if  applied  properly,  and  is  the  only  safe 
and  sure  remedy  for  sweaney.  I  have  never 
known  it  to  fail;  you  may  grease  with  sweet 
oil  1  day  after  using  the  last  time.  This  lini- 
ment will  take  off  the  hair,  but  it  will  do  no 
harm,  as  the  hair  will  come  out  in  a  short  time 
as  fine  as  ever,  and  will  not  leave  the  least 
blemish.     The  liniment  must  act  on  the  skin, 


"76  6A\^EANEy. 

and  if  it  docs  not  make  sore  or  act  on  tlie  skin, 
add  more  spirits  turpentine.  If  you  have  a 
liorse  that  has  the  sweanej,  do  not  put  yourself 
to  the  trouble  of  getting  any  person  to  cure  it 
for  yoUj  or  purchase  any  quack  medicine  for  it; 
hut  go  to  work  and  cure  it  yourself,  which  can 
he  done  for  12|  cents.  The  horse  should  not 
be  worked  while  using  it.  I  have  known  it  to 
be  cured  whilst  working  the  horse,  but  the  ani- 
mal should  not  be  punished  in  that  way.  In 
case  the  first  dose  does  not  entirely  relieve,  use 
the  second  time:  this  you  will  have  no  need  for 
if  you  do  not  work  the  horse. 


HOW  TO  THROW  OR  MAKE  A  HORSE  LAY  DOWN.     YT 

HOW  TO  THEOW  OK  MAKE  A  HOUSE 
LAY  DOWN. 

Whatever  you  may  intend  the  horse  to  do,  it 
is  always  necessary  to  give  him  some  idea  what 
you  wish  him  to  do,  and  repeat  whatever  it  may 
he  until  the  horse  is  sure  to  rememher  it.  To 
make  a  horse  lay  down^  hend  the  left  fore  leg 
until  the  hoof  is  nearly  bottom  upwards;  then 
fasten  a  loop  over  his  leg  above  the  pastern 
joint  firmly,  so  that  he  cannot  get  the  foot 
.down:  next  fasten  one  end  of  another  strap 
around  his  right  foot  above  his  hoof;  place  the 
strap  through  the  left  leg  where  it  is  bent;  keep 
the  strap  in  your  right  hand;  keep  on  the  left 
side  of  the  horse;  let  the  bridle  have  a  strap  to 
it;  bring  this  up  over  the  opposite  side  of  his 
^neck,  grasp  it  with  your  left  hand,  drawing  the 
strap  steady,  so  as  to  draw  his  head  to  the  right; 
pull  steady  with  the  right  hand  strap,  bearing 
against  the  shoulder  to  cause  him  to  move;  when 
he  does  move,  he  will  come  on  his  knees;  keep 
the  strap  tight,  so  that  he  cannot  straighten  his 
leg;  keep  him  in  this  position,  turning  his  head 


78   HOW  TO  THROW  OR  MAKE  A  HORSE  LAYDOTm. 

towards  you;  bear  against  his  side  slightly  with 
your  shoulder  with  an  equal  pressure;  in  ten 
minutes  or  so,  he  will  be  down.  As  soon  as  he 
is  down,  he  will  be  conquered,  and  you  can 
handle  as  you  please;  heep  his  head  up,  now  you 
may  take  off  the  straps,  straighten  out  his  legs, 
rub  him  about  the  face,  head  and  neck  with  your 
hand  the  way  the  hair  lays;  handle  all  his  legs 
gently,  and  he  will  soon  learn  that  you  wont 
do  him  any  harm.  After  he  has  laid  some  15 
or  20  minutes,  let  him  get  up  again.  Kest  him 
a  short  time,  and  make  him  lay  down  again  as 
before:  repeat  the  operation  three  or  four  times 
which  is  sufficient  for  one  lesson;  give  him  3  or 
4  lessons,  and  he  will  lay  down  by  taking  hold 
of  one  foot,  and  tapping  him  on  the  other  leg 
with  a  stick  while  you  have  hold  of  his  foot — 
finally  he  will  lay  down  from  the  motion  of  the 
stipk.  Before  you  attempt  to  make  a  horse  lay 
down,  place  a  thick  bed  of  hay  on  the  floor  or 
ground,  so  that  he  cannot  hurt  himself  in  the 
least.  If  your  horse  is  very  scarry,  fretful  or 
skittish  after  you  have  given  him  one  or  two 
lessons,  take  something  that  will  rattle  or  any 
thing  that  is  calculated  to  frighten  him,  rattle 


HOW  TO  THROW  OR  JIAKE  A  HORSE  LAI  DOWN.   ^9 

it 'and  pass  over  his  liead  and  about  him;  he  may 
"be  much  frightened  at  first,  keep  his  head  up, 
and  he  cannot  get  up^  and  by  continuing  with 
this,  he  will  soon  get  used  to  it  and  not  mind  it. 
It  will  be  the  same  with  a  kicking  horse  after 
you  pass  over  him  with  harness,  chains,  &c.  he 
will  soon  become  accustomed  to  it,  so  that  you 
can  hitch  him  up  and  work  him  with  safety. — 
In  all  cases  where  horses  have  been  broke  of  bad 
habits,  you  should  be  cautious  not  to  show  him 
opportunities  to  learn  his  old  tricks  over.  The 
most  gentle  horse  can  be  spoiled  and  brought 
into  bad  habits;  so  you  should  be  careful  with 
the  one  that  has  just  been  broke  from  his  bad 
habits. 

The  above  is  the  only  safe  and  sure  course 
which  you  can  pursue  with  a  horse  with  bad 
habits.  I  would  here  again  press  upon  you 
when  you  have  him  on  his  knees,  to  commence 
patting  him  under  the  belly — continue  with 
gentle  strokes  upon  the  belly.  You  will  in  a 
few  minutes  bring  him  to  his  knees  behind: 
continue  the  process  and  he  will  lay  down  and 
submit  himself  to  your  treatment.  By  pro- 
ceeding gently  you  may  handle  his  feet  and 


so  HOW  TO  THROW  OR  MAKE  A  HORSE  LAY  DOWN. 

legs  any  way  you  choose.  By  practising  this 
process  a  few  times,  you  will  find  him  perfectly 
gentle  and  submissive,  and  will  generally  follow 
you,  and  is  unwilling  to  leave  you  unless  he  be 
very  wild;  the  first  treament  will  answer. — 
Should  you  have  a  very  wild  horse,  and  cannot 
manage  him,  take  the  button  or  horney  sub- 
stance which  grows  on  the  back  part  of  the 
horse's  leg;  dry  this,  pulverize  it  fine,  drop  a 
few  drops  of  oil  of  roses  and  a  few  drops  oil 
cummin;  put  some  of  this  up  his  nostrils:  this 
is  best  done  by  putting  it  in  a  large  quill  and 
blowing  it  up  the  nostril;  feed  him  with  a  small 
portion  of  it  from  off  your  hand,  with  a  little 
oats;  also  breathe  your  breath  into  his  nostrils; 
by  doing  this,  he  will  permit  you  to  handle  his 
feet,  legs,  &c.  or  permit  you  to  get  on  his  back, 
or  suffer  you  to  handle  as  you  please.  By  pur- 
suing these  courses,  and.  handling  occasionally, 
always  letting  hinj  know  what  you  want  him 
to  do,  you  will  be  able  to  quiet  and  tame  a  horse 
to  become  perfectly  gentle. 


RULES  FOR  A  HORSE  THAT  SHIES.  81 


KULES  FOE  A  HORSE  THAT  SHYES. 

When  you  have  a  horse  that  shyes  or  scares 
at  a  stump,  log  or  any  object  that  may  come  in 
his  way,  never  whip  him  for  it,  or  attempt  to 
force  him  up  to  it  or  by  it.  But  be  easy  with 
him,  try  and  get  him  up  to  the  object  by  gentle 
handling;  patting  and  rubbing  him  on  the  neck, 
shoulders,  &c.  Finally  you  will  get  him  up  to 
the  object,  and  he  will  smell  or  feel  it  with  his 
nose.  If  you  pursue  this  course  he  will  finally 
forget  and  give  up  the  habit  of  scaring.  If  you 
wish  to  satisfy  yourself  about  this  course,  take 
a  buifalo  robe  or  a  red  blanket,  place  your  horse 
in  a  yard  and  hold  up  the  robe,  moving  towards 
him;  he  wMl  soon  throw  up  his  head,  snort  and 
run.  Then  throw  the  robe  down  in  the  centre 
of  the  yard;  if  frightened  he  will  not  rest  until 
he  has  touched  it  with  his  nose;  he  will  soon 
begin  to  walk  toward  the  robe  and  snort,  getting 
a  little  closer  until  he  touches  it  with  his  nose, 
he  will  see  that  it  will  do  him  no  harm,  and 
finally  he  will  pick  it  up  with  his  teeth  and  care 
nothing  about  it.  This  will  show  you  at  once 
6 


82  RULES   TOT.    A   HORSE   THAT   SHIES. 

that  if  you  can  get  him  up  to  the  object  and  let 
him  feel  it  with  his  nose,  he  v/ill  care  nothing 
about  itj  and  soon  forget  his  scaring,  &c. — 
When  you  try  the  robe  experiment  step  up  to 
one  side  and  watch  his  motions,  and  he  will 
soon  give  you  the  principle  upon  which  he  acts. 
The  same  course  must  be  pursued  in  breaking 
wild  colts;  go  up  to  it  cautiously  and  by  degrees, 
never  rush  up  to  it  all  at  once;  be  cautious, 
watch  the  colt,  and  if  you  see  that  he  is  fright- 
ened at  your  approach  stop  a  little,  and  when 
he  becomes  quiet  approach  a  little  nearer,  and  so 
on  until  he  will  suffer  you  to  touch  his  face,  then 
rub  him  gently  the  way  the  hair  lays;  continue 
doing  this  until  he  will  permit  you  to  feel  him 
pretty  near  all  over;  then  place  yo}ir  halter  on 
him,  gently  rubbing  and  feeling  him  over  the 
face  and  head.  When  you  have  the  halter  on 
lead  him  over  the  yard  cautiously;  do  not 
frighten  him  or  whip  him.  Never  whip  unless 
he  i^  very  stubborn  and  does  not  fear  you,  then 
you  should  give  him  a  few  sharp  cuts  vvdth  the 
whip  about  his  hind  legs  so  as  it  will  crack  sharp 
and  cause  him  to  fear  you.  After  you  have 
him  started  feel  his  face,  fore  legs,  &c.  a  good 


RULES  FOR   A   HORSE   THAT   SHIES.  83 

deal  more  than  you  have  whipped  him,  then  he 
will  soon  become  fond  of  you  again.  After  you 
have  learned  him  to  move  off,  you  may  put  on 
the  bridle  and  learn  him  by  gentling  him  as 
you  did  with  the  halter;  you  may  now  put  on 
the  saddle,  but  do  it  cautiously,  feeling  him  by 
degrees,  then  get  yourself  a  block  about  eigh- 
teen inches  high,  place  this  by  his  side  and 
when  he  gets  used  to  this  get  up  on  the  block, 
then  put  your  foot  in  the  stirrup,  putting  a  lit- 
tle of  your  weight  in  it  by  degrees;  as  soon  as 
you  find  he  will  bear  it  you  can  get  on  the  sad- 
dle and  make  him  move  off,  but  do  it  all  cau- 
tiously so  as  not  to  frighten  him.  When  you 
have  learned  him  all  this  you  may  next  put  on 
the  harness,  carefully  feeling  him  first,  and  give 
him  to  understand  what  you  want  him  to  do; 
as  soon  as  he  finds  out  you  will  not  hurt  him 
he  will  suffer  the  harness  to  be  put  on;  now  you 
may  hitch  him  to  a  light  log,  and  learn  him  to 
pull  this  first;  when  he  does  this  well  use  a 
heavier  one,  and  when  he  does  this  all  well. you 
can  hitch  him  up  in  a  wagon  or  sulky,  but  do 
it  all  carefully,  and  do  not  frighten  him  or  you 
may  make  a  bad  job  of  it.     The  above  principle 


84  RULES  FOR   A   HORSE  THAT   SHIES. 

should  always  be  carried  out  in  every  thing  yon 
wish  the  horse  to  learn.  You  cannot  expect  a 
man  to  do  any  piece  of  work  for  you  unless  he 
understands  it,  or  has  learned  the  principle  of 
it,  much  less  can  you  expect  a  horse  to  do  some- 
thing he  knows  nothing  about.  If  you  pursuo 
this  course  you  can  soon  get  the  horse  to  under- 
stand what  you  want  him  to  do,  and  he  will 
become  very  fond  of  you.*  I  will  here  state  that 
if  you  have  a  very  stubborn  colt  or  horse,  you 
may  use  the. oil  of  roses  and  oil  of  cummin 
with  the  powdered  button,  which  should  be 
blown  into  his  nostrils. 


TO  BREAK  A  KICKING  HORSE.  85 


HOW  TO  DEIYE  OR  BREAK  A  KICKINa 
HORSE. 

Or  horses  witli  bad  habits.  First  take  up  one 
fore  foot,  bend  his  leg  till  his  hoof  is  bottom  up- 
wardj  then  slip  a  loop  over  his  knee  above  the 
pastern  joint  to  keep  it  tight.  This  should  be 
done  with  a  leather  strap,  forming  a  loop  around 
the  one,  and  so  fixed  as  to  buckle  around  the 
other;  be  careful  so  as  to  fasten  it  so  as  it  can- 
not slip  down  or  come  loose,  or  you  may  pass  a 
loop  over  the  leg,  and  with  another  strap  tie 
the  loop  close  together,  between  the  leg,  so  as 
to  prevent  it  from  coming  down.  This  will 
leave  the  horse  on  three  legs.  You  can* handle 
now  as  you  wish,  as  it  is  impossible  for  him  to 
kick  whilst  his  leg  is  up.  This  will  con- 
quer the  horse  quicker  than  any  other  course 
which  you  can  pursue,  and  especially  a  kicker 
or  one  that  runs  off  when  he  has  the  chance  so 
to  do. 

The  surest  plan  for  a  horse  that  will  attempt 
to  run  off  as  soon  as  you  hitch  him  up,  is  to  fas- 
ten np  his  leg  as  directed  above  or  learn  him  to 


86  TO   BREAK  A   KICKING  HORSE. 

liop  along  on  tliree  legs  awhile,  whicli  lie  will 
soon  learn  to  do.  Exercise  him  two  or  three 
times,  in  this  way  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes  at 
a  time,  or  until  conquered,  allowing  his  leg  to 
be  loosed.  When  you  have  learned  him  to  walk 
in  this  way,  fasten  up  his  leg  and  put  the  har- 
ness on  him  and  hitch  up  to  sulky.  Now  you 
may  drive  off  and  need  not  he  fearful  of  the 
horse  kicking  or  doing  any  damage  Vv^hile  one 
foot  is  up,  nor  can  he  kick  or  run  fast  enough  to 
do  any  harm.  But  you  can  now  drive  him  as 
you  please.  Should  he  want  to  run  let  him 
have  the  lines  and  whip  too,  with  perfect  safety; 
by  doing  this  two  or  three  times  you  will  cure 
him  at  once  of  running  off.  The  horse  will  be 
frightened  at  first,  but  he  will  soon  see  that  you 
do  not  want  to  hurt  him  and  will  not  care  any- 
thing more  about  it.  You  can  finally  let  down 
the  leg  and  drive  off  gently  without  any  further 
trouble. 

I  will  here  give  you  Pvnother  plan  to  break  or 
prevent  a  horse  from  kicking  whilst  working 
him.  Loop  a  strap  or  rope  around  the  horse's 
hind  leg,  with  one  end  and  with  the  other  end 
fasten  around  the  foreleg,  allowing  it  just,long 


TO  BREAK   A  KICKING   HORSE.  8*7 

enough  for  him  to  make  a  step,  in  order  to  keep 
the  strap  from  dragging  on  the  ground  or  being 
in  his  way  while  walking.  Pass  a  strap  around 
his  hack,  letting  it  pass  under  his  belly  and 
fasten  it  up  in  this  way;  this  properly  done  will 
soon  conquer  him,  as  it  is  impossible  for  him  to 
kick  whilst  the  strap  is  to  his  legs. 

I  w411  still  give  you  another  plan  to  prevent 
a  horse  from  kicking.  Loop  a  strap  around  the 
hind  leg;  let  it  pass  through  between  the  fore 
legs,  thence  through  the  ring  of  the  bridle  bit, 
allowing  the  strap  just  long  enough  for  him  to 
make  the  step,  now  fasten  the  strap.  You  can 
now  drive  off  with,  safety,  as  it  is  utterly  impos- 
sible for  him  to  kick  or  to  do  any  harm.  You 
should  pass  a  strap  around,  the  horse's  back  and 
fasten  up  the  strap  or  rope  to  prevent  it  from 
dragging  on  the  ground. 

Another  still  to  prevent  a  horse  from  kicking 
v/hen  hitched  up  in  shafts,  if  he  will  stand  quiet 
long  enough  to  fasten  in  the  shafts,  v/hen  you 
have  him  hitched  up,  loop  a  strong  strap  around 
the  shaft  on  the  one  side,  let  it  pass  over  the 
hips  and  fasten  it  to  the  shaft  on  the  opposite 
side;  next  fasten  the  strap  to  the  harness  at  the 


88  T.0  BREAK  A  EICIvIX(J  HORSE. 

top,  SO  as  to  prevent  it  from  slipping  down; 
you  can  now  drive  off  with  safety,  as  far  as  tlie 
kicking  is  concerned;  for  lie  cannot  kick  to  do 
any  harm  if  the  strap  stays  firmly  at  its  place, 
and  the  vehicle  heavy  enough  to  prevent  him 
from  raising  it. 


FOR  THE  BLACKSilillTH.     •  89 


FOR  THE  BLACKSMITH. 

If  you  have  a  horse  which  you  cannot  man- 
age to  shoe,  take  up  his  leg  as  directed  in  the 
kicking  horse,  and  handle  him  awhile,  patting 
and  rubbing  all  his  legs,  &c.;  when  he  becomes 
quiet,  let  his  leg  down  to  rest;  then  take  it  up 
again  and  rub  his  legs  as  before,  and  let  him 
know  what  you  are  about  to  do  to  him;  then 
let  his  leg  down  and  commence  to  shoe.  Should 
he  be  very  fretful  yet,  and  will  not  suffer  you 
to  put  on  the  shoe,  you  will  meet  Avith  success 
by  making  him  lay  down  and  perform  as  directed 
in  making  the  horse  lay  down. 


90  CURE   FOR   BOTS. 


CURE  FOR  BOTS. 

Mix  1  pint  honey  with  1  quart  sweet  milk; 
give  as  a  drench;  1  hour  after  dissolve  1  oz.  pul- 
verized coppeas  1  pint  of  water^  use  as  a  drench; 
then  give  1  quart  linseed  oil;  this  cure  is  said 
to  he  effectual.  The  principle  of  giving  the 
horse  the  sweet  drench  is  good;  it  will  gener- 
ally cause  the  hots  to  let  loose  and  take  a  fill 
of  the  sweet  drench;  then  you  should  not  fail 
to  give  plenty  of  phvsic  to  carry  them  off. 


TO  MAKE  A  HORSE  FOLLOW  YOU.  91 

HOW  TO  MAKE  A  HOESE  FOLLOW  YOU. 

Put  your  horse  into  a  large  stable  or  small 
yard;  commence  to  gentle  liim  a  little^  take 
hold  of  the  halter  or  bridle^  turn  him  towards 
you,  touching  him  v/ith  a  long  whip;  at  the 
same  time  lead  him  the  length  of  the  stable  or 
yard,  rubbing  him  on  the  neck,  face  and  head; 
say  to  him  gently  as  you  lead,  come  along  boy_, 
or  better  to  use  his  name:  whenever  you  turn, 
touch  him  slightly  with  the  whip,  so  as  to  make 
him  step  up  close  to  you;  then  gentle  him  again 
with  your  hand  as  before;  he  will  soon  learn  to 
escape  the  whip  and  to  be  gentled  with  the  hand; 
he  will  soon  learn  to  follow  you  around  without 
taking  hold  of  the  halter  or  bridle.  Should  he 
stop  or  turn  from  you,  give  him  a  few  cuts  about 
the  hind  legs;  he  will  soon  turn  his  head  towards 
you,  when  you  must  always  gentle  him  with 
your  hand.  A  few  lessons  will  make  him  follow 
you  or  run  after  you  if  he  sees  the  motion  of  the 
whip;  in  a  half  hour  he  will  follow  you  about 
the  stable  or  yard.  After  you  have  given  him 
3  or  4  lessons  in  this  way,  you  can  take  into  a 
lot  and  from  thence  into  the  road,  and  he  will 
follow  you  any  where  and  run  after  you. 


92  TO  LEARN  HIM  TO  STAND  STILL. 

HOW  TO  LEAKN  HIM  TO  STAND  STILL. 

Commence  to  gentle  liim  with  your  liand  about 
the  head,  &c.  Should  he  move  give  him  a  cut 
witli  the  whip  and  put  him  back  in  the  same 
place  if  he  stands;  gentle  him  with  the  hand  as 
before,  and  continue  in  this  until  you  can  get 
around  him  without  making  him  move;  continue 
walking  around  him,  increasing  your  walk, 
touching  him  occasionally;  enlarging  your  cir- 
cle as  you  walk  around,  and  if  he  should  move, 
give  him  a  cut  with  the  whip  and  put  him  again 
in  bis  place;  if  he  stands  go  up  to  him  frequent- 
ly and  gentle  him  with'  your  hand;-  then  walk 
around  him  again.  Do  not  keep  him  in  one 
position  too  long  at  a  time;  permit  him  to  come 
to  you  and  walk  him  around  or  about  with  you; 
then  stand  him  at  another  place,  and  continue 
as  before.  Do  not  train  him  more  than  half  an 
hour  at  a  time.  You  should  never  attempt  to 
train  a  horse  to  do  more  than  one  thing  at  a 
time.  Learn  him  the  one  which  you  have  com- 
menced on  well  first;  then  in  no  case  should  you 
attempt  to  learn  him  another  under  a  week  or 
so,  always  using  caution  no  matter  what  you 
wish  him  to  do  or  learn. 


A  LIST  OF  MEDICINES 

BELONGING  TO  THE  HORSE, 

THEIR    PROPERTIES    AND    USE. 


ANTIMONY. 

A  compound  of  sulplior  and  antimony  is  a 
good  alterative.  It  is  given  with  sulplior  and 
nitre  in  varying  quantities. 


SPASMODICS. 

Of  tliese  opium  stands  first  on  our  list,  next 
peppermint,  tincture  of  pimento,  turpentine, 
camph.or,  assafoetida,  &c. 


SPIRITS  OF  CAMPHOR. 

The  spirits  of  camphor  is  made  by  taking  95 
per  cent,  alcohol,  put  in  as  nauch  gum  camphor 
as  it  will  dissolve. 


^4  ,     VINEGAR. 

VINEGAR. 

Vinegar  is  a  very  useful  application  for  sprains 
hruises,  &c.  Equal  parts  of  boiling  water  and 
cold  vinegar  will  form  a  good  fomentation; 
extract  of  lead  or  bay  salt  may  be  added  with 
fcome  advantage. 


ALCOHOL— RECTIFIED  SPIRITS. 

This  is  used  in  making  many  tinctures  and 
other  preparations;  3  or  4  ounces  of  which  are 
largely  diluted  with  water,  and  given  to  a  liorse 
that  has  become  fatigued  while  on  a  journey, 
will  cause  him  to  rally  and  cheerfully  pursue 
his  course  to  the  pnd  of  the  day's  travel. 


AQUA-FORTIS. 

This  is  a  valuable  external  application  for 
destroying  fungus  excrescences.  A  pledget  of 
tar  should  be  dipped  in  the  acid,  then  firmly 
pressed  on  the  cankerous  surface.  Every  part 
with  which  the  acid  comes  in  contact  will  be 
deadened  and  slough  off,  when  healthy  granu- 
lations spring  up. 


ALOES. 


95 


SULPHURIC  ACID. 

Sulphuric  acid  is  a  good  application  for  tlie 
thrush  and  canker,  and  in  fact  the  only  thing 
that  can  be  relied  on.  It  is  occasionally  used 
with  tar  in  the  proportion  of  an  ounce  of  acid 
to  1  pound  of  tar. 


ALOES. 

The  Barbadoes  aloes  is  the  best  for  the  horse. 
They  are  of  a  dark  brown  color;  they  are  very 
useful  for  physic^  and  the  dose  is  from  J  to  1 
ounce,  which  should  be  given  immediately  in 
cases  where  it  is  needed.  They  are  also  very 
useful  in  the  form  of  a  tincture,  to  make  which 
8  ounces  of  powdered  aloes  and  1  ounce  of  pow- 
dered myrrh,  put  into  2  quarts  of  alcohol  dilu-^ 
ted  with  an  equal  quantity  of  water.  This  mix- 
ture should  be  well  shaken  once  a  day  for  a  • 
fortnight,  and  be  suffered  to  stand,  in  order  that 
the  undissolved  portion  may  fal]  to  the  bottom. 
This  constitutes  an  excellent  application  for 
wounds,  v/hether  recent  or  of  long  standing  and 
indisposed  to  heal.  It  is  not  only  a  gentle  stim- 
ulant but  it  forms  a  thin  coat  over  the  wound, 
and  shields  it  from  the  action  of  the  air. 


96  ALUM. 

ALUM. 

Is  occasionally  used  internally  in  cases  of  su- 
purgation,  in  the  form  of  alum  whey: — two 
drachms  of  pulverized  alum  being  put  into  a 
pint  of  hot  milk;  yet  there  are  much  better  as- 
tringents. Its  principal  use  is  external.  A 
solution  of  2  drachms  to  a  pint  of  water  makes 
alonCj  or  with  the  addition  of  a  small  quantity 
of  white  vitriol,  a  very  useful  wash  for  cracked 
heels,  grease  and  those  forms  of  swelled  legs, 
attended  with  moisture  through  the  skin. 


MURIATIC  ACID  OR  SPIRITS  OF  SALT. 

This  acid  is  very  strong  and  should  be  bottled 
and  corked  tight.  As  soon  as  it  touches  any 
muscular  or  living  part,  a  change  of  color  is 
perceived.  It  is  good  for  corns,  canker  thrush, 
and  for  every  case  where  caustic  is  needed,  this 
acid  is  unrivalled. 


MUSTARD. 

This  will  be  found  useful  in  inflammation  of 
the  chest  or  bowels.  When  using,  it  should  be 
well  rubbed  on. 


CANTH^RIDES.  9T 

CANTHARIDES. 

Are  the  "basis  of  the  most  approved  and  use- 
ful blister.  In  blistering,  the  hair  should  be  cut 
or  rather  shaved  off  close,  then  rubbing  in  the 
ointment  well  for  at  least  15  minutes,  repeating 
it  every  day  until  it  does  its  work.  After  it  has 
acted  you  may  relieve  the  torture  of  the  animal 
by  the  application  of  olive  oil  or  lard.  In  deep 
seated  sprains  or  inflammations,  the  blister 
should  not  be  discontinued  too  hurriedly.  An 
infusion  of  2  ounces  of  the  flies  in  a  pint  of  oil 
of  turpentine  for  several  days  is  used  as  a  liquid 
blister,  and  when  sufiiciently  reduced  with  com- 
mon oil,  is  called  a  sweating  oil,  and  gradually 
abates  or  removes  old  or  deep  inflammation  or 
cause  of  lameness. 


CHAECOAL. 

This  is  occasionally  used  with  linseed  meal, 
for  poulticing  offensive  ulcers  and  cracked  heels; 
it  removes  the  unwholesome  smell  and  purfies 
the  parts  so  that  they  heal  easily. 
1 


98  BALL  OR   PILLS. 

BALL  OR  PILLS. 

The  usual  and  most  convenient  mode  of  ad- 
ministering medicines,  is  in  the  form  of  halls 
compounded  with  sweet  oil.    Balls  should  never 
weigh  more  than  li  ounces,  otherAvise  they  will 
he  so  large  as  not  to  pass  down  the  gullet.    They 
should  not  he  more  than  one  inch  in  diameter, 
and  three  inches  in  length.     The  mode  of  de- 
livering halls  is  not  difficult  to  acquire.     The 
horse  should  he  hacked  in  the  stall,  the  tongue 
dra^-n  out  gently  with  the  left  hand  on  the  off 
side  of  the  mouth,  not  continuing  to  pull,  hut 
hy  pressing  the  finger  against  the  lower  jaw. 
The  hall  heing  now  taken  hetween  the  tips  of 
the  fingers  of  the  right  hand,  is  passed  rapidly 
up  the  mouth  as  near  the  j^talate  as  possihle,  un- 
til it  reaches  the  root  of  the  tongue.    It  is  then 
delivered  with  a  slight  jerk,  the  hand  heing  im- 
mediately withdrawn.     Its  passage  should  he 
watched  down  the  left  side  of  the  throat;  if  it 
does  not  pass  down  a  slight  tap  under  the  jaw 
or  chin,  will  generally  cause  the  horse  to  swallow 
it,  or  a  few  gulps  of  water  will  convey  in  into 
the  stomach.     Very  few  balls  should  be  kept 
made. 


CLYSTEKS.  99 


CLYSTERS. 

These  are  useful  and  too  often  neglected  means 
of  hastening  the  bowels  to  their  speedy  action, 
where  diseases  require  it.  The  old  ox  bladder 
filled  and  tied  on  the  wooden  or  elder  pipe,  an- 
swers every  purpose  for  injecting  the  fluid  into 
the  intestines.  For  a  moderate  clyster  take  2 
ounces  of  soft  or  yellow  soap,  mix  with  1  gallon 
of  warm  water;  for  a  more  active  clyster  take  J 
pound  epsom  salts,  dissolve  in  the  same  quan- 
tity of  water. 


LINSEED. 


An  infusion  of  linseed  is  often  used  instead 
of  water  for  the  drink  of  a  horse  with  a  sore 
throat,  catarrh,  disease  of  the  urinary  organs, 
or  of  the  bowels.  Thin  gruel  is  preferable, 
being  as  soothing  and  more  nutritious.  Linseed 
meal  makes  an  excellent  poultice  for  almost  any 
purpose. 


100  DIGrTALIS. 

DIGITALIS. 

This  should  be  powdered,  put  into  a  black 
bottle,  corked  tight,  and  kept  in  a  dark  place 
It  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  medicines  in  ver- 
tinary  practice,  and  on  account  of  its  action  in 
diminishing  the  pulse  and  general  irritability 
of  the  system,  is  very  useful  in  inflammations,, 
&c.  It  is  usually  given  in  combination  with 
emetic  tartar  and  nitre.  The  average  dose  is  1 
drachm  of  digitalis,  1^  drachms  emetic  tartar? 
and  3  drachms  of  nitre,  repeated  twice  or  three 
times  a  day.  When  the  horse  begins  to  amend 
the  dose  must  be  diminished  one-half,  and  in  a 
few  days  it  may  be  omitted  altogether^  but  the 
emetic'tartar  and  the  nitre  should  be  continued 
during  several  days. 


PITCH. 

Is  used  in  plasters.  The  best  plaster  for  sand 
crack  consists  of  1  pound  of  pitch  and  1  ounce 
of  yellow  beeswax  melted  together. 


MASHES.  101 


MASHES. 


Constitute  a  very  important  provender  in  sick- 
ness or  health.  A  mash  given  occasionally  to 
a  horse  that  is  fed  on  dry  meat,  prevents  him 
from  hecoming  dangerously  costive.  To  the 
over-worked  and  tired  horse,  nothing  is  so 
refreshing  as  a  warm  mash,  with  his  usual 
allowance  of  corn  in  it.  Mashes  are  used  for 
putting  horses  in  good  order  for  sale,  giving  him 
a  round  and  plump  appearance.  They  are  made 
by  pouring  boiling  water  on  bran,  stirring  it  well 
cover  over  with  a  cloth^  and  let  it  remain  until 
cool  enough  for  the  horse  to  eat;  if  in  the  heat 
of  summer,  a  cold  mash  is  preferable, — yet  it 
should  be  made  with  hot  water,  and  remain 
until  it  is  cold. 


GINGER. 

Is  as  valuable  as  a  cordial  as  the  gentian  is 
as  a  tonic.  These  are  both  valuable  in  horse 
powders. 


102  FOMENTATIONS. 


FOMENTATIONS. 

Are  to  open  the  pores  of  tlie  skin  and  promote 
perspiration  in  the  part,  so  as  to  abate  local 
swellings,  relieve  pain  and  lessen  inflammation. 
The  effect  depends  upon  the  warmth  of  the  water 
and  not  upon  any  herb  that  may  have  been 
boiled  in  it;  they  are  best  applied  by  means  of 
flannel  dipped  in  the  hot>water,  or  on  which  the 
water  is  poured,  which  should  be  as  hot  as  the 
hand  will  bear.  The  fomentation  should  be 
continued  for  15  or  20  minutes,  but  if  kept  on 
with  for  half  an  hour  will  be  better.  The  parts 
fomentated  should  be  wrapped  or  covered  up 
warm.  Great  good  has  sometimes  resulted  from 
fomentations. 


GENTIAN. 

Stands  at  the  head  of  vegetable  tonics,  an 
infusion  of  which  is  one  of  the  best  applications 
for  putrid  ulcers  known. 


OPIUM.  103 

OPIUM. 

Is  the  most  valuable  drug  on  the  list  as  an 
anti-spasmoclic;  it  is  also  a  sedative  and  astrin- 
gent. As  an  anti-spasmodic  it  enters  into  the 
colic  drink;  as  a  sedative  it  relaxes  spasms  of 
the  muscular  system.  Opium  should,  however, 
be  given  with  caution.  In  the  early  acute  stage 
of  fever  it  will  be  a  bad  practice  to  give  it  even 
in  the  smallest  quantity.  When  the  fever  has 
passed  it  may  be  given  with  great  benefit. 


POULTICES. 


Few  persons  are  aware  of  the  value  of  these 
simple  applications  in  abating  inflammation, 
relieving  pain,  cleansing  wounds,  and  disposing 
them  to  heal.  In  all  inflammations  of  the  foot 
they  are  very  beneficial,  by  softening  the  horn 
hardened  by  the  heat  of  the  inflamed  foot. — 
Linseed  meal  forms  the  best  general  poultice. 


104  DRINKS  OR  DRENCHES. 

DRINKS  OR  DRENCHES. 

A  drink  is  not  so  porta"ble  as  a  "ball;  it  is  more 
troublesome  to  administer,  and  a  portion  of  it 
is  usually  wasted.  Medicines  given  as  a  drench 
will  act  upon  the  horse  much  quicker  than  when 
given  in  balls,  but  the  great  objection  is  in  wast- 
ing a  portion.  Too  much  of  the  drink  should 
not  be  forced  into  the  horse's  mouth  at  once,  as 
it  will  be  found  very  difficult  to  make  him  swal- 
low large  quantities;  small  portions  should  be 
given,  which  he  should  be  made  to  swallow  be- 
fore any  more  is  put  into  the  mouth. 


TAR. 

Melted  with  an  equal  quantity  of  grease  forms 
the  usual  stopping  of  the  farrier.  It  is  warm 
or  slightly  stimulant,  and  is  therefore  useful  in 
dressing  bruised  or  wounded  feet;  it  prevents 
the  penetration  of  dirt  and  water  to  the  wounded 
part;  it  is  also  useful  in  chronic  coughs. 


LINIMENTS.  105 

LINIMENTS. 

Are  designed  to  remove  deep  seated  pain  and 
inflammation,  by  gently  stimulating  the  skin. 
The  following  is  an  excellent  liniment  for  old 
swellings,  sprains^  or  rheumatism:  2  ounces  of 
hartshorn,  2  ounces  camphorated  spirits,  1  ounce 
oil  of  turpentine,  and  |  ounce  of  laudanum, 
mixed  well  together;  or  1  ounce  of  camphor  may 
be  dissolved  in  4  ounces  of  sweet  oil,  to  which 
may  be  added  1  ounce  of  oil  of  turpentine.  A 
little  powdered  cantharides  or  tincture  of  can- 
tharides  or  ground  mustard,  will  render  either 
of  these  more  powerful,  or  convert  it  into  a 
liquid  blister. 


SULPHUE. 

Is  the  basis  of  the  most  effectual  application 
for  mange.  It  is  an  excellent  alterative,  com- 
bined usually  with  antimony  and  nitre,  partic- 
ularly for  mange,  surfeit,  grease,  hidebound  or 
want  of  condition,.and  it  is  a  useful  ingredient  in 
the  cough  and  fever  ball. 


106  COMMON  SALT. 

COMMON  SALT. 

Is  very  useful  in  a  clyster.  A  solution  of  it 
lias  been  given  as  an  aperient  drink,  sprinkled 
over  liay  or  in  masli,  it  is  very  palatable  to  sick 
horses;  few  things  will  so  soon  recall  the  appe- 
tite as  a  drink  composed  of  6  or  8  ounces  of 
salt  in  solution.  Horses  in  health,  it  promotes 
the  digestion  of  the  food.  There  are  few  better 
lotions  for  inflamed  eyes  than  a  solution  of  ^ 
ounce  of  salt,  in  4  pints  of  water.  An  ounce  of 
salt  to  8  pints  of  water  is  a  good  embrocation 
for  sore  shoulders  and  back. 


TURPENTINE. 

The  common  liquid  turpentine  has  been  des- 
cribed as  one  of  the  best  diuretics;  for  the  re- 
moval of  cholic  it  stands  unrivalled;  with  can- 
tharides  it  is  the  basis  of  the.  sweating  blister 
for  old  sprains  and  swellings; 


CHLORIDE   OF   LIMB.  107 


CHLOEIDE  OF  LIME. 

This  is  very  good  for  removing  tlie  smell  of 
fistula^,  withers^  poll  evil  and  ill  conditioned 
wounds  and  ulcerations.  Chloride  diluted  with 
twenty  times  its  quantity  of  water,  and  used  as 
a  wash  for  the  wounds,  will  remove  any  infec- 
tion that  may  lurk  ahout  them.  One  pint  of 
the  chloride,  mixed  with  3  gallons  of  water  and 
brushed  over  the  walls,  manger  and  rack  of  the 
foulest  stable,  will  completely  remove  all  infec- 
tions. 


GINGER  ROOT. 

This  is  an  excellent  stimulant.  It  is  useful 
in  loss  of  appetite  and  flatulent  colic,  while  it 
rouses  the  intestinal  canal  to  its  proper  action. 
The  ginger  and  gentian  powdered  is  also  very 
much  used.  Brown  sugar  is  useful  in  the  loss 
of  appetite. 


108  ZINC   OR   CALAMINB  POWDER. 


ZINC  OR  CALAMINE  POWDER 

This  made  into  an  ointment  is  valuable  for 
healing.  Take  five  ounces  of  lard,  one  ounce 
of  rosin,  melt  them  together  and  when  these 
begin  to  get  cool,  stir  in  2  ounces  of  calamine, 
finely  powdered.  If  the  wound  is  not  healthy, 
a  small  quantity  of  common  turpentine  may  be 
added.  This  salve  justly  deserves  the  name  of 
healing  ointment.  The  calamine  is  sometimes 
sprinkled  with  advantage  on  cracked  heels. 


THOMPSON'S  NO.  6. 

.  This  is  a  good  carminative  for  relieving  colic, 
arresting  mortification,  and  for  sprains,  rheu- 
matism, pains,  &c.  As  a  general  stimulant  it 
may  be  taken  in  teaspoonful  doses  in  water  and 
repeated  as  the  case  demands.  Take  J  gallon 
of  fourth  proof  brandy,  ^  pound  pulverized  gum 
myrrh  and  J  ounce  of  African  pepper,  mix  and 
macerate  for  ten  days,  when  it  will  be  ready  for 
use. 


LIST  OF 

DOMESTIC  MEDICINES 
'     RECEIPTS,    &c. 


CEMENT  ?0  MEND  CHINA  AND   CLASS.         Ill 

CEMENT  TO  MEND  GLASS  AND  CHINA. 

Take  2  iDounds  good  guD^hellac,  2  ounces 
pulverized  borax;  put  into  an  earthen  crock, 
filled  half  full  of  water;  boil  until  all  is  dis- 
solved, then  take  out  a  portion  and  roll  into 
sticks  while  hot,  on  a  table  or  smooth  board. 

Directions  for  Use. 

Heat  the  edges  of  the  ware  over  a  fire  or  hot 
stove^  then  heat  the  cement  in  the  same  manner; 
put  the  cement  on  the  edges  of  the  ware  regu- 
larly, heat  it  again  along  the  edges  and  place 
together  as  quick  as  possible,  holding  them  firm 
until  the  cement  cools,  being  careful  to  put  the 
pieces  together  as  they  came  off,  so  as  it  will  fit 
nicely.  If  done  properly  it  will  hold  so  firm 
that  the  ware  will  break  some  other  place  before 
where  it  has  been  mended. 


LUNAR  CAUSTIC. 

Is  very  useful  in  curing  bites  of  rabkl  dogs, 
and  for  removing  ulcerations  of  any  kind. 


112  AMERICAN   HELEBORE. 


.AMERICAN  HELEBORE. 

MedicatVroperties  and  Use. 

This  has  "been  tried  by  many  physicians  and 
has  proved  a  valuable  remedy  in  chronic  rheu- 
matism and  gout.  It  is  certainly  a  powerful 
emetic  when  given  in  large  doses,  and  the  effect 
continues  a  long  time.  In  over  doses  it  effects 
the  functions  of  the  brain  and  nervous  system_, 
in  a  powerful  manner  producing  giddiness,  pros- 
tration of  strength,  &c.  It  has  arrested  the 
paroxysm  of  gout  and  given  relief  in  some  un- 
yielding cases  of  chronic  rheumatism.  It  re- 
quires to  be  given  with  great  caution  and  under 
vigilant  restrictions.  The  mode  of  administra- 
tion is  in  the  form  of  a  tincture.  A  saturated 
tincture  is  made  in  wine  and  3  parts  of  this  is 
mixed  with  1  of  the  wine  of  opium;  of  this 
mixture  from  15  to  20  drops.  In  some  cases 
however,  1  drachm  of  the  mixture  will  be  re- 
quired to  give  relief,  which  quantity  generally 
vomits  and  always  gives  relief  The  proper 
method  of  preparing  this  tincture  is  to  macerate 
8  ounces  of  the  sliced  root  in  2J  pints  of  span- 


AMERICAN   HELEBORE.  113 

ish.  white  wine,  let  it  stand  for  15  days  and 
filter.  Before  given,  it  must  be  mixed  with  one- 
fonrth  its  quantity  of  the  wine  of  opium;  from 
15  to  60  drops  is  a  dose.  In  some  cases  less 
than  the  nauseating  point  will  cure  the  disease, 
if  not  it  must  he  carried  to  that  point. 


EMETIC  FOK  POISON. 

* 

If  poison  should  he  administered  or  swallowed 
accidentally,  take  two  tahlespoonsful  of  ground 
mustard,  mixed  with  warm  water,  which  will 
operate  as  an  instantaneous  emetic. 


INDIAN  TURNIP. 

Medical  Properties  and  use. 

The  Indian  turnip,  when  partially  dried  and 

grated  and  mixed  with  honey,  is  good  for  the 

coughs  of  old  persons,  when  there  is  no  fever. 

It  also  enters  into  many  of  the  cough  syrups. 

8 


114  SENECA  SNAEEROOT. 


SENECA  SNAKEROOT. 

In  chronic  rheumatism  it  has  been  of  great 
service  by  its  universal  stimulant  and  diuretic 
effects.  If  however  an  ounce  of  the  root  be  boiled 
in  a  pint  of  water  to  a  strong  tea^  and  all  be 
taken  at  o»ce,  a  violent  vomiting,  purging  and 
diuresis  occurs.  The  disease  has  been  known 
to  yield  to  one  dose,  but  this  is  a  desperate  one, 
and  shouldr^-hot  be  ventured  upon  by  a  person 
much  debilitated;  take  a  wine  glass  full  3  times 
until  the  water  is  evacuated  in  uterine  com- 
plaints,— especially  in  painful  menstruation  is 
the  seneca  a  good  remedy.  Begin  one  day  be- 
fore the  return  of  the  catatmenia  and  take  it  in 
Buch  portions  as  the  stomach  will  bear,  every 
two  hours  until  the  flow  commences.  For  this 
put  1  ounce  of  the  root  in  a  pint  of  water,  give 
a  small  wine  glass  full  every  one,  two  or  three 
hours. 


CESIENT  FOFw  GRAFTING.  115 


CEMENT  FOR  GRAFTING. 

Take  1  pound  of  beeswax,  1  pound  of  rosin, 
1  pound  of  tallow;  put  all  into  a  pan  and  heat 
until  the  ingredients  are  melted,  after  cooling  it 
will  be  ready  for  use.  When  using  put  a  coat 
of  the  cement  over  the  grafted  part,  thick  enough 
to  prevent  the  rain  and  air  from  penetrating. 


GUAIACUM,  AMMONIATED  TINCTURE. 

Take  4  ounces  powdered  gum  guaiacum,  IJ 
pints  spirits  of  ammonia,  put  them  together  and 
let  the  mixture  stand  for  fourteen  days,  when  it 
will  be  ready  for  use.  Shake  the  bottle  occa- 
sionally. This  is  a  celebrated  remedy  in  the 
treatment  of  chronic  rheumatism.  The  dose  is 
from  one  to  two  teaspoonsful  three  times  a  day, 
given  in  milk  or  some  mucilaginous  tea.  The 
stomach  must  be  well  cleaned  before  the  tinc- 
ture is  used,  and  the  diet  light. 


116  COMPOUND   TINCTURE   OP   GENTIAN. 


COMPOUND  TINCTURE  OF  GENTIAN. 

Take  of  gentian  root  bruised  2  ounces,  orange 
peel  do.  2  ounces,  cardamom  seed  do.  ^  ounce, 
proof  whiskey  1  quart;  add  tlie  other  ingre- 
dients to  the  whiskey,  and  skake  the  bottle  once 
a  day  for  fourteen  days,  when  it  will  be  ready 
for  use.  This  is  much  used  in  dyspepsia  and 
debilitated  states  of  the  digestive  organs.  The 
stomach  should  be  cleaned  before  it  is  given. 
It  is  not  admissable  where  there  is  fever.  Dose 
from  one  to  two  teaspoonsful  in  water,  to  be  re- 
peated before  breakfast,  dinner  and  supper. 


OINTMENT  FOR  MILCH  SCALD  ON  THE 
FACES  OF  INFANTS. 

Take  6  drachms  of  beefs  marrow,  2  drachms 
oil  of  sweet  almonds,  1  drachm  red  peruvian 
bark,  powdered,  mix  and  melt  over  a  slow  fire. 
Apply  every  day,  washing  it  off  every  morning 
with  mild  soap. 


SIMPLE  TIXCTURE   OP   RHUBARB.  lit 


SIMPLE  TINCTURE  OF  RHUBARB. 

Take  o£  best  Turkey  rhubarb  3  ounces  and 
pulverize,  good  whiskey  1  quart,  add  the  rhu- 
barb to  the  whiskey  and  shake  it  every  day  for 
a  week,  then  let  it  stand  ten  days  and  filter 
through  pa^Der,  or  let  it  stand  without  filtering. 
From  a  tea  spoonful  to  a  large  table  spoonful  is 
a  dose  according  to  the  age  of  the  person  and 
nature  of  the  case.  It  is  a  good  purgative  in 
costive  habits.  Take  it  at  bed  time  in  sweet- 
ened water. 


SIMPLE  SYRUP  OF  RHUBARB. 

Take  of  best  Turkey  rhubarb  2  ounces,  water 
1  pint,  macerate  the  rhubarb  in  the  water  warm 
for  twenty-four  hours; ''strain  off,  add  2  pounds 
of  refined  white  sugar  and  simmer  until  they 
are  well  mixed,  add  2  tablespoonsful  of  whiskey, 
stop  it  tight  in  a  bottle  for  use.  This  is  a  good 
medicine  for  infants  in  teaspoonful  doses. 


118  AMERICAN   COLUaiBO. 


AMERICAN  COLUMBOr 

Medical  Projpertics  and  Use. 

This  is  a  mild  tonic,  calculated  to  meet  the 
indications  alike  with  the  other  bitters  of  its 
class.  It  is  a  very  good  and  pleasant  tonic  in 
indigestion  and  dyspepsia,  improving  the  appe- 
tite and  digestion.  It  is  given  in  infusion  and 
in  substance — 1  ounce  of  the  pulverized  root  in- 
fused in  a  pint  of  boiling  water.  A  small  wine 
glass  full  of  the  infusion  may  be  taken  once  in 

2  hours,  or  from  thirty  to  sixty  grains  of  the 
pulverized  substance,  in  sweetened  water,  from 

3  to  5  times  a  day;  but  the  most  common  way 
of  using  the  columbo  is  in  combination  with 
other  tonics,,  such  as  gentian,  orange  peel,  and 
columbo,  of  each  1  ounce  powdered,  then  add 
to  them  1  quart  of  whiskey,  of  which  bitters  a 
table  spoonful  may  be  taken  in  water  three 
times  a  day,  as  a  tonic  in  cases  of  debility. 


BLACK  ALDER.  119 


BLACK  ALDEK. 

The  berries  of  this  plant  are  sometimes  used, 
but  the  bark  is  the  proper  medicinal  part  of  the 
shrub.  It  is  best  adapted  to  the  cure  of  flabby, 
ill-conditioned  ulcers  and  mortifications,  in 
which  a  strong  decoction  is  freely  used  with 
great  benefit.  It  should  be  given  internally 
several  times  a  day,  as  well  as  applied  as  a  wash 
and  poultice  to  the  parts.  A  saturated  tincture, 
both  of  the  bark  and  berries  is  used  internally. 


120  THE   PRICKLE Y   ASH. 

THE  PKICKLEY  ASH. 

Its  Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

The  prickley  ash  has  a  good  reputation  in  the 
United  States  as  a  remedy  in  chronic  rheuma- 
tism. In  that  disease  its  operation  seems  anal-- 
agous  to  that  of  mazorion  and  guaiacum,  which 
it  nearly  resemhles  in  its  sensible  properties. 
Many  physicians  place  so  much  confidence  in  it 
that  it  is  generally  kept  by  the  ajDothecaries. 
It  is  most  frequently  given  in  decoction — an 
ounce  being  boiled  in  a  quart  of  water  and 
taken  in  small  quantities,  frequently  repeated. 
Dr.  George  Hayward.  of  Boston,  took  it  in  his 
own  case  of  chronic  rheumatism  with  evidently 
good  effect;  he  took  a  pint  of  the  decoction  a 
day,  diluted  with  water  so  as  to  weaken  its  pun- 
gency. The  powdered  bark  may  be  taken  in 
doses  of  from  10  to  20  grains,  and  frequently 
repeated.  Dr.  Bigelow  says  it  is  also  given  with 
good  effect  in  cases  of  old  indolent  sores;  it  is 
given  internally  and  applied  to  the  sore  in  the 
form  of  a  wash.  Doctors  Barton  and  Thatcher 
both  speak  highly  of  this  medicine. 


AI^IERICAN   GENTRAURY.  121 


AMERICAN  GENTRAURY. 

Its  Medical  Froperties  and  Use. 

•  Every  part  of  this  plant  is  a  pure  and  very 
strong  bitter.  It  is  used  in  form  of  tea  or  tinc- 
ture and  is  good  for  ague  and  fever.  It  was 
used  in  the  yellow  fever  at  Philadelphia  with 
good  effect.  It  may  be  given  even  when  the 
fever  is  on^  in  such  quantities  as  the  stomach 
will  bear.  It  is  not  apt  to  nauseate  and  is  an 
excellent  tonic  for  the  stomach ,  which  improves 
the  appetite  and  promotes  digestion.  It  is  high- 
ly recommended  by  Drs.  Barton,  Chapman  and 
Elliott,  all  of  whom  are  physicians  of  high  re- 
spectability. 


DANDELINE. 


Has  been  much  employed  in  Germany  and 
the  United  States^  and  is  certainly  a  valuable 


122  DANDELDfE. 

remedy  in  clironic  diseases  of  the  liver  and  the 
digestive  organs  generally.  It  is  also  a  good 
remedy  in  diseases  of  the  spleen.  It  is  benefi- 
cial in  consumption  and  as  a  general  alterative 
when  combined  with  sarsaparilla,  and  invalu- 
.  able  in  scrofula.  One  ounce  of  the  fresh  root, 
or  i-  ounce  of  the  dried,  and  the  same  quantity  of 
sarsaparilla  put  into  a  pitcher  and  a  pint  of 
boiling  water  poured  on  it  at  night,  to  be  used 
at  pleasure  next  day,  so  that  all  is  taken  before 
bed  time,  or  as  much  more  as  the  stomach  will 
bear.  This  repeated  for  a  month,  produces  a 
fine  effect  on  the  system,  when  the  blood  needs 
purifying  or  in  cases  of  chronic  affections  of 
the  liver. 


BLOOD  BOOT  OR  PERCOON  ROOT. 

Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

The  blood  root  is  an  active  emetic  and  cathar- 
tic, which  acts  finely  on  the  liver.  It  has  been 
given  in  pneumonia^  catarrh,  whooping  cough. 


BLOOD  ROOT  OR  PERCOON  ROOT.      123 

croup,  consumption,  rheumatism,  jaundice  and 
dropsy  of  the  chest.  For  rheumatism,  it  may 
be  given  in  2  or  3  grain  pills,  3  or  4  times  a 
day.  It  is  an  effectual  remedy  for  the  yellow 
water  jn  horses:  3  or  4  ounces  of  the  fresh  root 
may  he  bruised  and  a  pint  of  water  added,  the 
juice  of  which  should  he  squeezed  out  for  a 
drench;  1  or  2  doses  will  cure.  It  purges  the 
horse  freely.  The  tincture  is  often  used:  2 
ounces  of  the  root  to  a  quart  of  spirits  makes 
the  tincture^  |  an  ounce  of  which  is  a  dose  for 
an  adult. 


BONESET  OR  THOROUGHWORT. 

Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

Thoroughwort  is  tonic,  diaphoretic,  and  in 
large  doses  emetic  and  purgative.  It  is  good  in 
intermittent  fevers  to  break  the  chill,  if  given  in 
large  doses  in  the  form  of  warm  tea  as  the  chill 
comes  on;  in  less  doses  a  little  warm  it  will 
sweat  the  patient  freely;  in  large  draughts  taken 


124  BONESET   OR   THOROUGHWORT. 

cold  it  acts  as  a  tonic  and  prevents  the  return  of 
the  chill.  It  is  good  in  pleurisy  as  a  sweat  or 
in  heavy  colds;  it  is  also  good  when  made  into 
a  syrup  for  bad  coughs,  and  in  some  forms  of 
consumption,  where  the  patient  is  weak  and  the 
skin  hot  and  dry.  It  grows  in  almost  every 
part  of  the  United  States,  hut  mostly  in  the 
Western  and  Southern  divisions^  and  should  be 
gathered  in  September.  Every  part  of  the  j)lant 
is  medicinal,  but  the  leaves  and  flowers  are  best. 
It  should  always  be  given  in  the  form  of  a  tea. 


BITTER  ROOT  OR  SILKWEED. 

m 

Medical  Frojoerties  and  Use. 

The  root  is  the  part  used  in  the  form  of  bit- 
ters in  asthma  and  cartarrh,  also  coughs  and 
dyspepsia  and  in  rheumatism.  It  may  be  taken 
in  the  form  of  bitters  in  quantities  sufficient  to 
purge  gently  and  freely,  or  in  powder  in  20 
grain  doses,  3  times  a  day,  or  it  may  be  given 
in  strong  infusion,  1  ounce  of  the  root  to  a  pint 
of  water  and  drink  in  such  doses  as  the  stomach 
will  bear. 


PLEUEISY   ROOT.  125 

PLEURISY  ROOT. 

Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

It  has  long  been  employed  by  the  regular  med- 
ical faculty  as  a  valuable  medicine  in  pleurisy, 
catarrh,  pneumonia,  consumption  and  other  dis- 
eases of  the  breast,  and  is  evidently  useful  in  all 
these  cases.  It  is  good  in  acute  rheumatism  and 
dyspepsia.  It  may  be. given  in  the  form  of  a 
strong  tea,  or  in  powder;  if  in  powder  from  20 
to  60  grains  may  be  given  several  times  a  day, 
in  sweetened  water. 


EXTEMPORE    GASEOUS    CHALYBEATE 
WATER. 

Take  of  pure  sulphate  of  iron  2  drachms, 
white  sugar  3  drachms,  pulverize,  mix  and  di- 
vide into  12  powders.  Then  take  of  super  car- 
bonate of  soda  2  drachms,  white  sugar  three 
drachms,  mix  and  divide  into  12  powders.  Mis 
one  of  each  of  the  powders  separately  in  half  9 


126  GENTIAN, 

tumblerful  of  water,  pour  together  and  drink 
while  effervescing.  This  is  a  pleasant  drink  and 
a  good  tonic  for  a  weak  stomach. 


GENTIAN. 


Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

Gentian  posesses  in  a  high  degree  the  tonic 
properties  which  characterize  the  simple  bitters. 
It  excites  the  appetite,  invigorates  the  powers 
of  digestion.  Ifc  may  be  used  in  all  cases  of 
disease  depending  wpon  pure  debility  of  the 
digestive  organs,  or  requiring  a  general  tonic 
impression;  as  dyspepsia,  gout,  difficult  menstru- 
ations, hysteria,  scrofula^  intermittent  fever_, 
diarrhoea,  and  worms.  It  is  given  in  the  form 
of  infusion  or  tincture.  The  dose  in  infusion  is 
a  wine  glassful  3  or  4  times  a  day.  Infuse  h 
ounce  of  the  powdered  root  in  a  pint  of  water. 
A  tea  spoonful  of  the  tincture  may  be  given  as 
often  in  a  little  water. 


RATTLEWEED   ROOT.  12T 

EATTLEWEED  BOOT. 

This  unites  with  a  tonic  power  the  property 
of  stimulating  the  secretions,  particularly  those 
of  the  slduj  kidneys  and  muciis  membrane  of 
the  lungs.  Its  medical  properties  are  found  in 
its  salutary  effects  upon  the  nervous  system,  in 
neuralgia  of  the  heart,  in  sciatica,  and  in  other 
forms  of  rheumatism.  It  is  equal  if  not  supe- 
rior to  the  colchicum  in  rheumatism,  and  far 
superior  to  it  in  neuralgia  of  any  description. 
I  have  used  it  extensively  in  those  cas-es,  and 
with  the  happiest  effects.  I  cured  myself  of  a 
severe  sciatica  in  twenty-four  hours  with  it,  but 
the  dose  was  too  large,  producing  violent  sick- 
ness, great  prostration,  nausea,  vomiting  and 
profuse  perspiration.  I  took  3  or  4  drachms  of 
the  saturated  tincture  at  one  dose;  but  it  effects 
the  cure  completely  when  properly  prepared. 
It  acts  upon  the  stomach  and  bowels  powerfully, 
and  its  full  effects  are  not  obtained  until  it 
purges  freely.  The  following  is  the  best  for- 
mula for  its  preparation. 

^  pound  powdered  root, 
1  pint  alcohol. 


128  RATTLEWEED   ROOT. 

Mix  and  macerate  for  20  days  and  filter.  One 
tea  spoonful  should  be  taken  3  times  a  day,  in 
sweetened  water,  which  may  be  increased  or 
diminished  so  as  to  produce  3  or  4  operations  on 
the  bowels  in  24  hours.  I  have  seen  some  per- 
sons that  it  would  not  purge.  It  sometimes 
produces  vertigo  before  it  begins  to  operate,  but 
these  symptoms  will  all  subside  after  the  purg- 
ing commences,  yet  it  will  cure  if  it  does  not 
purge.  Several  cases  of  Vitus'  Dance  are  re- 
corded by  Dr.  Jesse  Young,  in  which  it  per- 
formed cures  after  other  remedies  had  failed. — 
It  is  usuaUy  administered  in  decoction  by  those 
living  in  the  country.  One  ounce  of  the  pow- 
dered root  is  boiled  in  a  pint  of  water  for  a  few 
minutes,  and  a  small  wine  glassful  given  from 
3  to  5  times  a  day  according  to  its  effects. 


PIPSISSEWAY  OR  WINTER  GREEIST. 

This  is  an  evergreen  found  in  pine  woods  and 
in  light  shady  soils  in  all  parts  of  the  United 
States,  which^  blossoms  in  mid  summer,  f  he 
whole  plant  has  rather  a  pungent  and  bit';er 
taste. 


PIPSrSSEWAY   OR  WINTER   GREEN.  129 

Medical  Properties  and  Use. 

It  is  diuretic  and  tonic  and  is  useful  in  all 
eruptive  forms  of  diseases,  especially  in  scrofula 
and  cancer.  A  strong  decoction  may  be  made 
of  the  leaves  and  twigs,  and  a  gill  taken  3  times 
a  day.  Many  cures  of  old  ulcers,  sore  tliroats 
and  like  affections  have  been  ascribed  to  the  use 
of  the  pipsisseway.  A  decoction  made  of  the 
leaves  and  given  in  small  portions  is  excellent 
for  colic  in  children.  For  grown  persons  it 
sholild  be  put  in  good  rye  whiskey,  which^  if 
made  strong  will  seldom  fail  to  cure  tlie  severest 
cases  of  colic  and  cramps.  The  pipsisseway  put 
into  whiskey  and  distilled  the  same  as  Wickey's 
cholera  medicine  is  much  better.  Dose  for  an 
adult  is  from  1  to  3  tahlespoonsful,  for  children 
from  10  drops  to  a  teaspoonfuL 


TO  THE  CONSUMEK. 

If  you  want  to  save  money  never  buy  your 
castor  oil  by  the  bottle,  but  ])uy  a  pint  of  oil  of 
some  honest  druggist,  and  you  vvill  then  be  able 
to  perceive  the  difference.     If  put  up  in  bottles 


130  TO   THE  CONSUMER. 

it  will  cost  you  from  50  to  62J  cents ;  by  the 
pint  it  may  cost  you  31  cents  per  pint.  This  is 
a  great  saving,  as  the  article  is  always  needed 
in  a  family.  Never  buy  any  other  medicine  or 
any  thing  that  goes  by  measurement  in  small 
quantities,  and  especially  such  articles  as  come 
into  every  day  use.  Paying  from  40  to  100  per 
cent,  more  for  domestic  articles  will  amount  to  a 
considerable  sum  in  5  or  10  years.  Some  per- 
sons may  say:  "I  am  too  poor  and  cannot  spare 
the  money."  That  kind  of  argument  will  not 
hold  good.  By  saving  50  or  100  per  cent,  is 
the  means  to  make  you  able.  Try  the  experi- 
ment and  you  will  soon  be  convinced;  money  is 
worth  but  6  per  cent. 


FOR  PICKLma  PEARS. 

Take  1  pound  of  sugar  to  one  quart  of  vine- 
gar; 6  pounds  of  pears,  peeled  and  quartered;  J 
ounce  of  cinnamon  bark,  broken  in  small  pieces; 
J  ounce  of  cloves.  Dissolve  the  sugar  in  the 
vinegar,  then  put  the  pears,  cinnamon  and  cloves 
into  a  pot  or  crock,  pour  over  the  vinegar  and 


FOR   PICKLING  PEARS.  131 

boil  all  together  until  the  pears  become  soft,  and 
you  have  a  pickel  far  superior  to  any  preserves. 
This  is  worth  giving  a  trial.  Should  the  pears 
be  too  sweefcj  add  a  little  vinegar  at  any  time, 
heating  after  the  addition. 


ON  THE  PRESERVATION  OF  HEALTH, 

As  this  work  is  designed  for  the  benefit  of 
families  as  well  as  other  purposes,  it  is  hoped 
that  a  chapter  on  the  preservation  of  the  health 
of  young  girls  will  not  be  out  of  place.  What 
we  design  to  say  in  this  chapter,  will  be  appli- 
cable to  the  girl  of  ten  years  and  upwards.  It 
is  the  duty  of  the  mother  or  guardian  so  to  di- 
rect the  conduct  of  the  daughter  that  she  may. 
enjoy  the  blessings  of  life,  and  become  a  useful 
member  of  society.  But  in  order  to  lay  the 
foundation  of  future  usefulness,  the  health, 
should  be  well  guarded  in  early  life.  Much  of 
course  depends  upon  a  good  Constitution,  and 


132  ON  THE  PRESERVATION   OF  HEALTH. 

strict  attention  should  be  paid  to  its  develop- 
ment and  preservation.  The  child  at  an  early 
age  should  be  guarded  against  all  that  would 
tend  to  weaken  or  derange  this  desirable  attri- 
bute of  the  human  system. 

Exposure  is  one  of  the  principal  sources  of 
injury  to  the  constitution,  and  therefore  the 
clothing  should  always  be  adapted  to  the  season 
of  the  year,  and  the  temperature  of  the  air, 
whether  children  are  at  home  or  abroad.  Girls 
are  generally  clothed  sufficiently  warm  while  at 
home,  but  when  they  are  going  from  home,  they 
change  their  warm  apparel  for  thiner  and  cooler 
garments.  They  are  often  allowed  to  expose 
themselves  to  the  chilling  blasts  of  winter,  with 
their  arms  naked,  their  breasts  and  shoulders 
exposed,  and  their  feet  clad  with  thin  stock- 
ings and  shoes,  in  the  place  of  those  just  laid 
aside,  which  were  warm  and  comfortable. — 
This  is  a  practice  that  cannot  be  too  much 
deprecated,  being  one  of  the  great  evils  of  dress 
and  fashion,  upon  whose  altar  thousands  have 
been  sacrificed.  How  many  do  we  find  in  these 
days  with  enlarged  tonsils  and  broken  croaking 
voices,  the  fruits  of  exposure  and  nothing  else? 


ON  TEE   PRESERVATION   OP   HEALTH.  133 

The  practice  of  tiglit  lacing  is  another  fruit- 
ful cause  of  destruction  of  health  and  hroken- 
down  constitutions.  Young  girls  should  not 
lace  at  all — an  easy  smooth  jacket  to  make  the 
dress  fit  smoothly  is  all  they  should  wear.  Are 
we  asked  why  lacing  is  injurious?  We  answer, 
first,  the  rihs  are  soft  and  very  elastic  and  the 
cartilages  that  join  them  to  the  hreast  bone  are 
softer  than  the  ribs.  If  then  a  jacket  or  corset 
be  laced  around  the  ribs  or  chest,  so  as  to  pre- 
vent a  free  and  full  play  of  the  ribs  at  every  in- 
spiration, in  the  same  proportion  is  the  cavity 
of  the  chest  diminished,  and  consequently  the 
lungs  are  deprived  of  a  certain  amount  of  at- 
mosj)heric  air,  in  proportion  to  the  contraction 
of  the  ribs,  produced  by  the  laced  jacket  or  cor- 
set. Thus  the  order  of  nature  is  deranged  and 
the  system  is  deprived  of  that  due  proportion  of 
oxygen  which  is  necessary  to  health,  the  vital- 
ity of  blood  and  the  vigor  and  proper  proportions 
of  the  system.  One  of  the  consequences  of  tight 
lacing  therefore  is^  that  the  lungs  are  prevented 
from  discharging  a  due  portion  of  carbonic  acid 
gas  from  the  blood,  and  receiving  in  lieu  there- 
for of  due  proportion  of  oxygen  from  the  atmos- 


134    ON  THE  PRESERVATIOX  OF  HEALTH. 

phere.  Hence  the  person  looks  pale,  the  lips 
assume  a  blue  or  purplish  color,  the  breathing  is 
labored,  the  breast  heaves  and  the  circulation 
is  prevented  from  going  on  as  freely  as  it  should. 
The  small  air  vessels  of  the  lungs  are  partially 
obliterated,  they  become  diseased  in  their  action 
and  tubercles  form  in  them  or  the  lungs;  these 
remain  to  become  in  a  few  years  the  seeds  of  an 
incurable  consumption. 

Again:  The  free  action  of  the  heat  is  pre- 
vented by  tight  lacing  and  the  consequence  is  it 
labors  like  a  dying  man,  but  in  vain — it  cannot 
get  relieved  from  its  fetters.  The  blood  is  pre- 
vented from  flowing  with  that  freedom  and  ease 
which  are  essential  to  the  well  being  of  the  sys- 
tem, and  the  violent  exertion-s  which  the  heart 
must  make  in  order  to  carry  on  the  circulation, 
become  the  cause  of  disease  in  that  organ,  which 
perhaps  can  never  be  cured.  Another  evil  of 
lacing:  The  stomach  is  always  included  in  the 
deadly  grasp  of  the  corset.  The  lower  floating 
ribs  are  forced  to  take  the  place  the  stomach 
should  occupy  in  part;  the  skirts  are  compelled 
to  grow  too  narrow,  the  liver  is  also  pressed  too 
closely  and  the  stomach  is  bound  as  with  a  cord. 


ON  THE  PRESERVATION  OF  HEALTH.    135 

The  gastric  juice  is  partly  prevented  from  secret- 
ing and  that  which  is  secreted  is  unhealthy,  the 
ducts  of  the  liver  and  pancreatic  gland  are  pre- 
vented from  performing  their  healthy  functions 
and  consequently  the  food  is  not  taken  in  due 
quantity  to  nourish  the  system,  and  what  is 
taken  is  not  properly  digested,  for  the  want  of 
a  free  and  healthy  action  of  the  digestive  func- 
tions. Dyspepsia  is  the  result, — a  feehle  and 
finally  a  destroyed  constitution.  For  all  the 
powers  of  nature  must  act  freely  and  naturally, 
or  a  sound  constitution  and  good  health  can 
never  be  enjoyed. 

Nothing  is  so  fascinating  to  an  intellectual 
young  man  as  a  well  cultivated  mind,  a  rosy 
cheek,  an  intellectual  eye,  and  a  corresponding 
expesssion  of  countenance;  these  you  cannot 
have  if  you  suppress  any  of  the  healthy  func- 
tions of  the  system.  Exercise  is  another  essen- 
tial item  to  promote  the  health  of  girls,  and 
this  they  should  be  allowed  to  take  freely.  At 
an  early  age,  let  them  run  and  play,  jump  the 
rope,  throw  the  hoop,  leap  and  skip;  for  free 
exercise  gives  freedom  to  the  muscles  and  joints 
and  strengthens  the  nerves,  all  of  which  aro 


136  ON   THE   PRESERVATION    OF   HEALTH. 

necessary  for  tlie  building  up  of  a  good  consti- 
tution. Girls  should  be  allowed  to  sleep  one- 
tbird  of  their  time  or  eight  hours  in  twenty-four, 
and  when  younger — they  should  sleep  more. 
The  young  of  all  the  animal  creation  requii:e 
more  sleep  than  those  that  are  fully  grown: 
girls,  therefore,  should  retire  early  that  they 
may  obtain  sleep  enough;  rise  early  and  enjoy 
the  benefit  of  the  morning  air,  which  is  bracing 
to  their  systems.  After  children  are  ten  years 
old,  they  should  not  sleej)  more  than  two  in  a 
bed,  and  there  should  not  be  more  than  two  beds 
in  a  room_,  unless  the  room  be  very  large  and 
well  ventilated.  Girls  should  rise  early  and 
air  and  set  their  rooms  in  order;  they  should 
use  free  ablution  of  cold  water  over  their  breasts 
and  aims,  especially  as  far  as  they  are  in  the 
habit  of  exposing  them  to  the  air,  as  this  will 
prevent  their  taking  cold  as  easily  as  they  other- 
wise would.  The  diet  of  children  should  be 
plain  and  simple,  as  their  digestive  powers  are 
not  as  strong  as  those  of  grown  persons.  The 
quantity  should  always  be  piroportioned  to  the 
age  and  strength  of  the  child.  Much  mischief 
is  done  by  letting  children  eat  too  much.    They 


ON  XHE   PRESERVATION   OF   HEALTH.  137 

sliould  be  allowed  full  time  to  eat  and  be  taught 
to  cliew  their  victuals  well.  They  should  be 
taught  to  eat  any  thing  that  is  common,  so  that 
they  may  appear  easy  at  table  at  all  tim*es,  and 
make  their  friends  so  likewise.  Frequent  bath- 
ing is  of  great  service  to  yoifth;  it  invigorates 
the  constitution  and  gives  a  fine  complexion. 
The  bath  may  be  changed  according  to  the  sea- 
son; it  may  be  cold,  tepid  or  salt.  When  the 
cold  bath  is  used,  either  fresh  or  salt,  the  skin 
should  be  well  rubbed  with  a  coarse  towel,  as 
well  before  they  go  into  the  bath,  as  after  they 
come  out.  When  children  are  healthy  liquid 
food  is  as  a  general  rule,  better  for  them  than 
solid  food,  because  it  supplies  more  blood,  and 
this  is  needed  to  form  and  build  ujd  the  solids, 
but  they  should  be  allowed  some  of  both 

Children  should  always  take  light,  suppers 
and  light  breakfasts.  Their  dinner  should  be  of 
more  substantial  food  and  taken  freely.  But 
they  should  never  be  allowed  to  eat  in  haste,  as 
nothing  aids  the  powers  of  digestion  more  than 
the  perfect  mastication  of  food. 


138  nEALTH. 


HEALTH. 


Its  Value  Coxditioxs,  Preservation  and  Ees- 
*"  toration. 

Health  consists  in  tlie  vigorous  and  normal 
or  constitutional  action  of  all  the  physical  or- 
gans and  functions.  Life  consists  in  precisely 
the  same  action:  in  proportion  to  the  vigor  of 
this  action  is  the  amount  of  hoth  health  and  life, 
hut  in  proportion  as  the  physical  functions  are 
enfeebled  or  diseased,  is  health  enfeebled  and 
life  diminished.  But  in  proportion  as  we  im- 
prove our  health  do  we  thereby  increase  life 
itself.  Viewed  in  any  and  every  aspect,  health 
is  life  and  life  is  health.  By  as  much  therefore 
as  life  is  valuable  should  health  be  preserved  if 
goo'd  and  restored  if  feeble. 

Health  is  the  great  seasoner  or  relish  of  all 
our  blessings;  nor  is  it  possible  to  enjoy  the  lat- 
ter except  by  means  of  the  former:  without 
health  what  can  wie  be?  What  can  we  do? — 
What  can  we  enjoy?  For  other  things  being 
equal,  our   capabilities   of  accomplishing   and 


HEALTH.  139 

enjoying  are  proportioned  to  our  health  and 
diminished  hj  di&ease.  If  we  possessed  all  the 
wealth,  and  all  the  honors,  and  all  the  blessings 
mortals  can  possess,  we  could  enjoy  them  only 
in  proportion  as  we  had  health,  and  their  value 
would  be  diminished  just  in  proportion  to  its 
decline.  Suppose  we  were  sick  and  our  appetite 
thereby  destroyed,  the  richest  food  and  most 
delicious  fruits,  instead  of  rendering  us  happy 
would  nauseate  us.  How  different  if  we  were 
healthy.  How  a  good  appetite,  the  produce  of 
health,  would  enjoy  them.  Well  might  the 
glutted  alderman  offer  a  ragged  boy  a  guinea 
for  his  appetite  for  breakfast.  The  rich  invalid 
is  poor,  but  he  who  is  healthy  is  rich,  because 
his  fund  of  life  and  his  capacities  for  enjoyment 
are  proportionally  great.  Keader,  if  brought 
to  the  brink  of  the  grave,  your  last  hour  come, 
what  would  you  give?  What  that  you  possessed 
would  you  not  give  for  another  year  of  life  and 
its  pleasures?  Aster's  thirty  millions  would  be 
cheap.  To  impair  health  in  obtaining  any 
amount  of  earthly  goods  is  a  dear  exchange, 
since  then  to  preserve  or  regain  health  is  to  pre- 
serve,,prolong  or  regain  life  itself,  and  to  impair 


140  HEALTH. 

tlie  former  is  to  destroy  tlie  latter  and  its  pleas- 
ures,, as  well  as  hasten  death;  and  since  the 
value  of  life  so  infinitely  surpasses  that  of  all 
other  earthly  hlessings,  what  consumate  folly  to 
trifle  with  health  on '  any  account.  Then  ho.w 
much  more  foolish  and  even  wicked  virtually  to 
throw  it  away  for  nothing,  in  our  eager  pursuit 
of  those  trifling  objects,  wealth,  honors,  and  the 
like,  which  mainly  engrosses  mankind?  What, 
sacrifice  life  upon  the  altar  of  mammon?  For 
he  it  remembered,  that  no  human  being  can  im- 
pair his  health  at  any  period  of  his  life,  with- 
out proportionally  shortening  his  days;  without 
being  brought  to  a  strict  account  at  the  close  of 
life,  and  be  compelled  to  end  it  as  much  sooner 
than  he  otherwise  would,  as  he  has  injured  his 
health  during  his  whole  lifetime.  Let  me  urge 
upon  you  the  infinite  importance  of  preserving 
your  health.  This  efiectually  done,  millions  of 
money  bestowed  on  each  reader  could  not  equally  • 
benefit  you,  because  of  the  incomparable  greater 
value  of  health  than  money.  Let  your  own  ex- 
perience testify.  Which  of  yon  has  not,  some 
time  or  some  how,  induced  debility  or  pain  in 
one  portion  of  your  system  or  another,  which 


HEALTH.  141 

will  cripple  you  for  life.  A  foolish  ambition 
breaks  down  the  constitution  of  an  incalculable 
number  of  our  youths,  unwilling  to  be  outdone 
they  will  work  at  the  top  of  their  strength  as 
long  as  they  can  stand,  perhaps  over  heat  them- 
selves, or  in  a  single  day  or  week  bring  on  some 
complaint  which  debilitates  them  for  life,  and 
carries  them  to  a  premature  grave.  An  ambi- 
tious youth  wishing  to  show  his  employers  what 
a  great  day's  vrork  he  could  do,  shovelled  till  he 
lamed  his  side,  so  that  for  fifteen  years  he  has 
been  a  partial  invalid,  cannot  do  any  kind  of 
work,  nor  more  than  half  the  amount  he  form- 
erly did,  besides  working  in  almost  perpetual 
pain.  Nor  is  this  the  half;  whatever  enfeebles 
the  health  enfeebles  the  mind  by  weakening  and 
disordering  the  brain.  So  perfectly  are  body 
and  brain  inter  related,  that  all  the  conditions 
of  either  react  upon  each  other;  whatever  aug- 
ments the  health,  strengtheus  the  body  and 
thereby  invigorates  both  the  brain  and  the  mind* 
What  is  the  true  value  of  the  mind?  How  much 
could  you  afford  to  give  for  double  the  amount 
you  now  possess?  Neither  money  nor  any  fhing 
else  can  measure   its  value.     To  improve  our 


142  HEALTIL 

-minds  is  the  most  efFoctual  mode  possible  of 
augmenting  all  the  capabilities,  all  the  pleas- 
^:h:e,  all  the  virtue  of  this  life,  and  ripening  for 
another,  and  hence  should  be  the  paramount 
business  of  our  whole  lives.  Health  allows  you 
to  be  always  on  hand  for  business,  from  which 
sickness  takes  you  and  compels  you  to  entrust 
its  management  to  others,  always  disastrous,  or 
cuts  off  your  wages  if  a  laborer,  creates  large 
doctors,  nurses  and  a  host  of  other  incidental 
bills,  and  occasions  a  great  variety  of  pecuniary 
losses.  So  measurably  if  any  member  of  your 
family  is  sick,  especially  a  wife.  How  many, 
reader,  if  they  and  their  families  had  always 
been  well,  would  have  been  rich  who  are  now 
poor?  Considered  which  ever  way  you  will,  to 
preserve  the  health  if  it  be  good,  and  if  poor 
to  regain  and  then  preserve,  should  be  the  par- 
amount business  of  life,  should  take  precedence 
over  all  others,  and  be  our  first  great  concern. 
Come  then  readers  one  and  all  and  let  us  make  it 
our.permaniBnt  business  to  preserve  and  augment 
our  health;  let  us  allow  ourselves  to  do  nothing 
that  shall  impair  it;  let  us  make  and  take  time 
to  do  every  thing  in  our  power  to  invigorate  it. 


HOW  TO   PROLONG   LIFE.  143 

HOW  TO  PKOLONG  LIFE.  ^ 

The  following  should  be  carefully  perused 
esj^ecially  by  the  young.  Are  there  any  among 
you  my  young  friends,  who  desire  to  preserve 
your  health  and  cheerfulness  through  life,  and 
at  length  arrive  at  a  good  old  age?  If  so  Ksten 
to  what  I  am  about  to  tell  you. 

A  considerable  time  ago  I  read  in  one  of  the 
newspapers  of  the  day,  that  a  man  had  died  near 
London  at  the  advanced  age  of  110  years,  that 
he  had  never  been  ill,  and  that  he  had  main- 
tained through  life,  a  cheerful^  happy  tempera- 
ment. I  wrote  immediately  to  London  to 
know  if  in  the  man's  treatment  of  himself  there 
had  been  any  peculiarity  which  had  rendered 
his '  life  lengthened  and  so  happy,  and  the  an- 
swer I  received  was  as  follows: 

"He  was  unusually  kind  and  obliging  to  every 
body;  he  quarreled  with  no  one;  he  ate  and 
merely  that  he  might  not  suffer  from  hunger  or 
thirst  and  never  beyond  what  necessity  required; 
from  his  earliest  youth  he  never  allowed  himself 
to  be  unemployed;  these  were  the  only  means 
he  used." 


144  HOW   TO   PROLONG   LIFE. 

.  I  took  a  note  of  this  in  a  little  Ijook  where  I 
generally  write  all  that  I  am  anxious  to  remem- 
ber, and  very  soon  afterwards  I  observed  in 
another,  paper  that  a  woman  had  died  near 
Stockholm  at  115  years  of  age;  that  she  never 
was  ill,  and  was  always  of  a  contented  disposi- 
tion. I  immediately  wrote  to  Stockholm  to 
learn  what  means  the  old  woman  had  used  for 
preserving  her  health,  and  now  read  the  answer:- 

^'She  always  had  a  great  love  of  cleanliness, 
and  in  the  daily  habit  of  washing  her  face, 
hands  and  feet  in  cold  water,  and  as  often  as 
opportunity  offered  she  bathed  in  the  same. — 
She  never  ate  or  drank  any  delicacies  or  sweet- 
meats, seldom  coffee,  seldom  tea,  and  never  wine." 

Of  these  likewise  I  took  a  note  in  my  little 
book.  Sometime  after  this  I  read  that  near  St. 
Petersburg,  a  man  died  who  had  enjoyed  good 
health  until  he  was  120  years  old.  Again  I 
took  my  pen  and  wrote  to  St.  Petersburg,  and 
liere  is  the  answer: 

^'He  was  an  early  riser,  and  never  slept  be- 
yond seven  hours  at  a  time;  he  nev.er  was  idle; 
he  employed  himself  chiefly  in  the  open  aii',  and 
particularly  in  his  garden;  whether  he  walked 


HOW  TO   PROLOXa  LIFE.  145 

or  sat  in  liis  cnair  he  never  permitted  himself 
to  sit  awry  or  in  a  hent  posture,  but  was  always 
perfectly  straight.  The  luxurious  and  effemi- 
nate habits  of  citizens  he  held  in  contempt." 

After  having  read  all  this  from  my  little  book 
I  said  to  myself:  ^^you  will  be  a  foolish  man 
indeed  not  to  profit  by  the  example  and  experi- 
ence of  these  old  people."  I  then  wrote  out  all 
that  I  had  been  able  to  discover  about  these 
happy  old  people  upon  a  card,  which  I  suspended 
over  my  writing  desk,  so  that  I  might  always 
have  it  before  my  eyes  to  remind  me  what  to  do, 
and  from  what  I  should  refrain.  Every  morn- 
ing and  evening  I  read  over  the  contents  of  my 
card  and  obliged  myself  to  conform  to  its  rules. 

And  now  my  dear  young  readers,  I  can  assure 
you  on  the  word  of  an  honest  man,  that  I  am 
much  happier  and  in  better  health  than  I  used 
to  be.  Formerly  I  had  the  headache  every  day 
a^d  now  I  suffer  scarcely  once  in  three  or  four 
months.  Before  I  began  these  rules  I  hardly 
dare  to  venture  out  in  the  rain  or  snow  without 
catching  cold.  In  former  times  a  walk  of  half 
an  hour's  length  fatigued  and  exhausted  me,now 
I  walk  miles  without  weariness.  Imagine  then 
10 


146  HOW   TO   PROLONG  LIFE. 

the  happiness  I  experience^  for  there  are  few 
feelings  so  cheering  to  the  spirits  as  those  of 
constant  good  health  and  vigor.  But^  alas!  there 
is  something  in  which  I  cannot  imitate  these 
happy  .old  people^  and  that  is  I  have  not  heen 
accustomed  to  all  this  from  my  youth.  Oh!  that 
I  were  young  again  that  I  might  imitate  them 
in  all  things;  that  I  niight  be  happy  and  long- 
lived  as  they  were. 

Little  children  who  read  this,  you  are  the 
fortunate  ones  who  are  able  to  adopt  in  perfec- 
tion this  kind  of  life.  What  then  prevents 
your  living  henceforward  as  healthful  and  hap- 
pyly  as  the  old  woman  of  Stockholm  or  as  long 
and  useful  as  the  old  men  of  London  and  St. 
Petersburg. 


LIQUrD   OPODELDOC.  14T 

LIQUID  OPODELDOC. 

Take  ^  pint  95  per  cent,  alcoliol,  1  ounce 
camplior,  |  pint  turpentine;  dissolve  the  cam- 
phor in  the  alcohol;  then  add  the  turpentine. 
For  rheumatism,  head  ache,  sore  throat,  old 
strains,  swellings,  cramps,  numhness,  stiffness, 
weakness,  pains  in  the  joints,  corns,  slight  burns 
frost  bitten  feet,  &c. 

Directions  for  Use.  ^ 

Kub  it  well  on  the  part  affected  with  your 
hand  or  a  piece  of  muslin,  night  and  morning, 
and  if  convenient,  at  noon.  In  obstinate  cases 
avoid  as  much  as  possible  exposure  to  a  damp 
atmosphere,  to  the  extremes  of  heat  and  cold, 
keep  the  feet  dry  and  comfortable,  and  be  tem- 
perate in  eating  and  drinking.  For  corns,  lay 
a  piece  of  flannel  on  them  and  moisten  occasion- 
ally with  the  opodeldoc,  avoid  tight  shoes. 
Travellers  and  families  ought  always  to  keep 
a  bottle  by  them;  it  only  requires  a  trial  to 
prov^  its  efficacy;  keep  the  bottle  closely  stop- 
ped. In  some  cases  of  rheumatism  and  other 
affections,  if  a  piece  of  flannel  be  worn  over  the 
part,  relief  will  be  obtained  sooner. 


148        DR.  wickey's  cholera  medicine. 


Dr.  WICKEY'S  CHOLERA  MEDIOmE. 


Take  2  ounces  Formentilla, 
"     2       ^'      Devil  Bit, 


a 


'y  ■ 

2       "      Bimbornella, 

"     2       ''      Bistorcla, 

''     2       ''      Angelica, 

''     2       "^      Gentiana, 

'•     2       ''      Zedarj, 

"     2       "      Valerian, 

"     2       ^'      Elecampane, 

"     2       ^^      Calamos, 

"2  '^  Eue  or  other  bitter  lierb. 
Pulverize  these  as  fine  as  possible,  put  them 
into  one  gallon  of  French  brandy  of  the  best 
quality,  or  best  fourth-proof  old  rye  whiskey; 
brandy  is  best — put  the  whole  into  a  bottle  ov 
jar — a  bottle  is  best  if  one  can  be  had  large 
enough  at  the  top,  which  must  be  closed;  then 
place  the  bottle  or  jar  in  the  sand,  which  should 
be  at  least  two  inches  deep  at  the  bottom  of  the 
kettle  or  crock;  fill  in  sand  to  come  above  the 
drugs  when  settled,  and  put  under  it  a  slow  fire, 


DR.    WICKEY's   cholera   MEDICINE.  149 

80  as  to  keep  it  warm  but  not  to  boil.  Let  it  di- 
gest for  fourteen  clays  and  filter  the  whole  of  it 
through  fine  flannel  several  times^  so  as  to  sep- 
arate the  drugs  well;  then  put  in  each  gallon 
2  ounces  spirits  of  camphor  and  2  ounces  spirits 
saffron,  when  it  will  be  ready  for  use. 

Directions  for  Use. 

For  preventing  cholera:  first  take  one  table- 
spoonful  in  the  morning,  fasting  on  cold  water, 
one  at  noon,  and  one  at  night.  Second,  for  an 
attack  or  symptoms  take  from  2  to  3  tablespoons- 
ful  every  5,  10  or  15  minutes,  as  the  case  may 
require,  until  relieved,  when  the  doses  may  be 
lessened,  or  not  so  often.  Let  the  patient  go  to 
bed  and  keep  warm  and  quiet  as  possible  until 
relieved.  Third,  for  the  third  stage  or  relapse, 
vomiting  and  pain  in  the  stomach,  take  from  2 
to  4  tablespoonsful  every  5  or  10  minutes,  as  the 
case  may  be,  until  relieved  or  thrown  into  a 
sweat;  cover  up  warm,  and  if  cold  apply  plenty 
of  hot  bricks  or  bottles  with  hot  water  in,  to 
the  feet,  hands,  body,  &c.  mustard  plaster  on 
the  stomach,  rubbing  with  the  hand,  some  stim- 


150        DR.  wicket's  cholera  medicine. 

ulent,  as  not  a  moment's  time  sliould  "be  lost 
when  the  cold  chill  comes  on.  Fourth'  stage 
or  relapse,  attended  with  cold  sweats  and  rice 
water  discharges,  take  large  doses  every  3  or  5 
minutes;  continue  until  the  patient  becomes 
warm  and  easier.  No  time  should  be  lost  at 
this  stage  of  the  disease.  Apply  hot  bricks, 
bottleo,  &c.  as  before  directed;  when  relieved  the 
Jooes  may  be  less  and  not  so  often — say  from  J 
i.our  to  6  hours;  continue  3  or  4  days  as  the  case 
jQay  require,  and  do  not  fail  to  keep  the  patient 
•¥arm^  &c. 

For  bilious  or  cramp  colic,  cholera  morbus, 
j'ux,  bilious  fever,  &c.  administer  doses  as  above. 
7  jet  the  patient  go  to  bed  and  keep  as  quiet 
AS  possible  until  relieved.  In  severe  cases  of 
rholera  morbus,  a  mustard  plaster  should  be 
placed  over  the  stomach,  which  must  be  kept  on 
f\s  long  as  it  can  be  borne.  Travellers  and  fami- 
lies should  not  be  without  this  medicine,  as  it 
Lb  considered  by  all  who  have  used  it  to  be  the 
-iafest  and  surest  remedy  for  the  above  disease 
';ver  introduced.  Take  a  friend's  advice  and 
lever  be  without  this  remedy,  as  it  was  never 
mown  to  fail  in  curinoj  what  it  is  recommended 


DR.  WICKEY'S   cholera    MEDICINE.  151 

to  do.  Grive  it  a  fair  trial,  and  its  efficacy  will 
soon  be  seen.  By  strictly  obeying  tlie  direc- 
tions it  is  perfectly  safe  and  harmless;  it  is  also 
good  in  sick  stomachs,  &c. 

This  medicine,  when  persevered  in  according 
to  directions,  will  effectually  cure  cholera  in  all 
its  stages,  and  all  that  it  is  recommended  to  do, 
which  can  be  attested  by  certificates  from  many 
l^ersons.  By  adding-  the  tincture  of  cayenne  you 
will  find  this  medicine  effectual  in  cramp  colic; 
add  the  tincture  until  as  strong  as  it  can  be 
taken. 

To  be  more  plain  and  simple, — in  making  of 
the  cholera  medicine,  if  in  the  summer  you  can 
set  the  bottle  or  jar  in  the  sun,  which  should  be 
when  the  sun  is  very  warm,  letting  it  remain 
some  3  or  4  weeks — the  longer  you  distil,, the 
better  the  medicine.  If  in  the  winter  season, 
you  can  place  your  crock  on  the  top  of  the  stove, 
keeping  the*  fire  regular,  so  as  not  to  boil — if 
you  distil  until  reduced  one-third,  it  will  bo 
much  stronger  and  better. 


\ 

152  CERTAIN   REMEDY  FOR   RHEUMATISM. 


CERTAIN  REDrlEDY  FpR  RHEUMATISM. 

Take,  of  sarsaparilla  root,  coltsfoot  root,  or 
wild  ginger  root,  sassafras  root,  dogwood  root, 
yellow  poplar  root,  prickly  ash  root,  spicewood 
root,  one  handful' of  each,  Avhen  dried,  as  much 
as  you  can  hold  in  one  hand;  cut  the  hark  off  of 
the  roots  and  pulverize  as  fine  as  you  can,  ex- 
cept the  sarsaparilla,  which  must  he  cut  in  very 
small  pieces;  then  put  the  whole  in  one  gallon 
of  hest  fourth-proof  old  rye  whiskey,  and  let  it 
stand  for  1  or  2  weeks;  hut  should  you  wish  to 
use  immediately,  set  the  vessel  containing  the 
ingredients  on  the  stove,  and  keep  just  warm  for 
2  or  3  daj^s,  when  it  will  he  fit  for  use. 

DiRECTIOXS   FOR  USE. 

Take  from  I'to  3  tahlespoonsful  3  "times  a  day 
one  hour  hefore  meals.  It  may  he  taken  5  or  6 
times  a  day  provided  it  does  not  affect  the  nerves 
too  much.  It  is  perfectly  safe  and  has  cured 
more  cases  of  rheumatism  than  any  other  remedy 
introduced. 


CERTAIN   REMEDY   FOR  RHEUMATISM.  153 

I  will  cite  one  or  two  cases  where  it  effected 
complete  cures:  Mr.  Josliua  Deer,  wlio  had  been 
in  a  most  helpless  condition  for  a  long  time_, 
and  had  tried  many  other  remedies  in  vain,  was 
cured  in  five  days  after  he  commenced  using  it, 
so  as  to  be  able  to  take  a  ride  on  horseback, 
which  can  be  certified  by  a  number  of  persons 
living  in  the  neighborhood.  Any  one  doubting 
the  above,  can  have  it  proven  to  their  satisfac- 
tion by  addressing  Ezra  Deer,  or  Henry  GrDss, 
who  was  cured  by  it  in  less  time. 

Let  it  be  understood  that  there  never  was 
a  preparation  that  would  cure  all  cases:  no,  not 
one-fourth,  therefore  I  have  given  a  number  of 
preparations,  so  that  if  one  fail^  others  may 
prove  efficacious,  though  the  above  remedy  oc- 
cupies the  head  of  the  list  in  our  own  estima- 
tion. Never  give  up  any  one  remedy  until  you 
have  given  it  a  fair  trial,  ^'rle  that  holds  out 
faithfully  shall  be  saved." 

This  medicine  can  be  distilled  the  same  as 
the  cholera  medicine,  bottled  up  and  kept  for 
years.  Mr.  Joshua  Deer,  was  cured  with  the 
distilled.  Henry  Gross  and  others  used  it  in 
liquor.     You  must  keep  from  labor  and  expo- 


154  CERTAIN  REMEDY  FOR   RHEUMATISM. 

sure,  wliile  using  the  above  and  be  careful  not 
to  eat  any  thing  greasy,  or  that  which  will  not 
agree  with  you. 


FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

Take  1  ounce  of  saltpetre,  1  quart  of  ale — if 
ale  cannot  be  had  take  whiskey  or  water — dis- 
solve the  saltpetre  in  the  ale. 

Directions  for  Use. 

Take  1  wine  glassful  before  breakfast,  1  be- 
fore dinner,  1  before  going  to  bed,  and  continue 
until  relieved.  Should  the  second  quart  do  no 
good,  stop  taking  it.  You  must  keep  from  labor 
and  exposure  while  using  the  above.  Mr.  Dill 
was  cured  by  this  remedy,  who  had  suffered  for 
more  than  a  year  constantly. 


FOR   RHEUMATISM.  155 


FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

,  Take  1  ounce  of  sulphur,  IJ  ounces  of  salt- 
petre, I  ounce  of  gum  guscomb,  2  nutmegs,  tlie 
whole  to  be  finely  pulverized,  to  which  add  12 
ounces  of  molasses. 

Directions  for  Use. 

Take  1  tpa  spoonful  every  night  before  going 
to  bed,  but  if  it  should  act  too  free  on  the  bow- 
els, the  quantity  must  be  diminished. 


LINIMENT  FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

Take  1  ounce  of  spirits  of  camphor,  1  ounce 
turpentine,  1  ounce  sweet  oil,  1  drachm  oil  of 
juniper,  1  drachm  carbonate  of  hartshorn,  mix 
these  perfectly,  and  apply  three  times  a  day, 
rubbing  it  in  by  the  stove  or  fire  with  the  palm 
of  the  hand  for  15  minutes. 


156  LINIMENT   FOR   RHEUMATISM. 

LINIMENT  FOR  RHEUMATISM 

Take  2  ounces  of  saltpetre,  2  ounces  spirits  of 
hartshorn,  8  ounces  of  sweet  oil.  Pulverize  the 
saltpetre  as  fine  as  possible,  and  mix  with  the 
spirits  of  hartshorn,  letting  it  dissolve,  then  add 
the  sweet  oil.  Bathe  and  rub  in  with  the  palm 
of  the  hand  for  15  minutes,  at  the  fire  or  stove, 
wrap  with  flannel  if  possible.  If  not  strong 
enough  you  may  add  hartshorn,  if  too  strong 
add  sweet  oil.  This  is  considered  the  best  lini- 
ment ever  introduced  for  the  purpose.  Use 
freely. 


LINIMENT  FOR  RHEUMATISM  OR  NEU- 
RALGIA. 

Take  8  cayenne  pepper  pods,  and  1  pint  of 
whiskey,  boil  over  a  fire  until  it  is  reduced  to 
one-half  the  quantity,  when  it  will  be  ready  for 
use.  Bathe  the  parts  affected  with  the  liniment 
three  times  a  day.  This  liniment  has  often 
relieved  where  other  remedies  have  failed. 


NERVE  AXD   BOXE    LINIJIENT.  157 


NEBYE  AND  BONE  LINIMENT. 

For  Swellings^  BruiseSj  Chapped  Hands,  Frosted 
Feet,  Elieumatism,  Cuts,  Burns,  Mosquito 
Bites,  Stings,  Pains  in  tlie  Limbs,  Back,  Chest, 
&c.  Take  1  ounce  spirits  of  hartshorn,  1  ounce 
spirits  camphor,  1  ounce  saltpetre,  1  tea  spoon- 
ful sweet  oil;,  2  tea  spoonsful  laudanum;  put  all 
into  a  bottle^  shake  and  mix  well  and  it  is  ready 
fo^  use.  Bathe  in  at  a  fire  3  table  spoonsful  3 
times  a  day,  rubbing  with  the  hand  for  15  min- 
utes. Put  the  liniment  into  a  bottle,  and  keep 
it  corked  tight.  Never  pour  out  more  than  one 
table  spoonful  at  a  time^  being  careful  to  keep 
the  bottle  corked  tight.  This  liniment  is  far 
superior  to  any  other  in  use,  and  you  can 
make  as  much  for  10  cents  as  you  generally  buy 
for  50  cents.  Try  the  experiment  and  see  for 
yourself. 

The  spirits  of  camphor  is  made  by  mixing  IJ 
ounces  of  gum  camphor  with  ^  pint  of  95  per 
cent,  alcohol.  Put  into  a  bottle  and  let  them 
dissolve,  shake  occasionally,  after  which  it  will 
be  ready  for  use. 


158  NERVE   AND   BONE    LINIMENT. 

THe  spirits  of  saltpetre  is  made  by  taking  2 
ounces  pulverized  saltpetre  put  into  a  bottle, 
then  add  2  ounces  spirits  of  hartshorn,  and  let 
it  remain  half  a  day,  shaking  frequentl}^,  then 
add  scant  J  pint  95  per  cent,  alcohol,  shake  and 
let  it  dissolve,  when  it  will  be  fit  for  use.  For 
rheumatism  add  more  hartshorn,  and  bathe  the 
parts  affected  well. 


r* 


OINTMENT  FOR  GOUT  AND  BHEUMA- 
TISM. 

The  chloride  of  gold  made  into  an  ointment 
with  lard  is  said  to  speedily  relieve  the  pains  of 
the  gout  or  rheumatism.  It  stains  the  skin 
purple,  which  can  be  easily  removed  by  washing 
it  with  urine. 


FOR  RHEUMATISM.  159 


*r 


FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

Take  2  balsam  apples,  put  into  ^  gallon  of 
good  fourth  proof  wliiskej  in  a  jug  and  let  it 
stand  for  a  week  or  ten  days,  shaking  occasion- 
ally. Dose,  one  wine  glassful  three  times  a  day. 
Keep  from  exposure  while'  using  and  eat  noth- 
ing greasy  or  that  disagrees  with  the  stomach. 
This  has  cured  where  other  remedies  have  failed, 
and  should  the  first  |  gallon  not  entirely  cure, 
use  the  second  immediately. 


EFFECTUAL  CURE  FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

The  following  receipt,  given  by  an  English- 
man to  a  respectable  tradesman  of  Limerick^ 
(Ireland,)  who  had  for  a  considerable  time  la- 
bored under  the  most  violent  rheumatic  pains 
in  all  his  limbs  and  joints,  having  been  used  by 
him  as  directed  but  5  or  6  times,  as  he  states, 
eradicated  the  disease  completely.  Anxious  that 
so  effectual  a  remedy  should  be  made  publicly 
known  we  publish  the  recipe: 

Take  1  ounce  of  sulphur,  IJ  ounces  of  salt- 


160  EFFECTUAL   CURE   FOR   RHEUMATISM. 

petre,  1^  ounces  gum  guscomb,  2  nutmegs;  tlie 
whole  to  be  finely  powdered  in  a  mortar  and  12 
ounces  of  molasses.  A  tea  spoonful  to  be  taken 
every  niglit  on  going  to  bed;  should  it  operate 
too  much  on  the  bowels,  a  smaller  quantity  is  to 
be  taken. 


PLASTER  FOR  RHEUMATISM. 

Or  Pains  in  the  Back,  &c.  It  is  said  to  be  a 
certain  cure.  Take  1  pound  of  rosin  and  melt 
it  over  a  slow  fire,  then  add  ^  pint  of  tar  pour- 
ing in  slowly,  stirring  all  the  time;  when  it  is 
well  mixed  pour  all  into  cold  water,  and  work 
it  well  with  your  hands.  As  soon  as  it  is  cool 
and  stiff  enough,  spread  it  on  a  linen  rag  and 
apply  it  to  the  affected  part.  The  plaster  should 
be  a  little  larger  .than  the  pain  extends — if  you 
put  the  plaster  on  sheep  skin  it  will  be  better. 
This  is  sure  to  give  relief. 


TO   MAKE   HONEY   WITHOUT   BEES.  161 


TO  MAKE  HONEY  WITHOUT  BEES. 

Take  8  pounds  best  brown  sugar,  IJ  pounds 
rendered  lioney,  1  ounce  cream  of  tartar,  4 
drops  essence  of  wintergreen,  2  drops  essence  of 
peppermint,  2  ounces  best  molasses,  3  parts  of 
a  pint  pure  cold  water,  dissolve  the  cream  of 
tartar,  then  put  all  in  a  tin  or  bell  metal  vessel, 
let  boil  gently  6  or  8  minutes,  stirring  and  mix- 
ing occasionally;  tlien  beat  up  the  white  of  2 
eggs  into  a  foam,  and  stir  them  in,  and  when 
nearly  cool  stir  in  2  pounds  more  of  bees  honey; 
skim  off  whatever  may  rise  to  the  top.  If  you 
want  it  nice  and  clean,  strain  it  through  a  coarse 
cloth  as  soon  as  you  have  the  eggs  stirred  in.— 
If  you  strain  it  put  in  the  2  lbs.  of  honey  after 
it  is  strained.  This  makes  an  excellent  honey. 
The  addition  of  the  eggs  is  simply  to  give  it  the 
appearance  of  having  combs  in  it,  but  ean  be 
left  out  if  you  wish.  The  same  honey  may  be 
used  for  the  second  making. 


162  JUDKI2TS   OINTMENT. 


irUDKIN'S  OINTMENT. 

Take  1  pound  of  red  lead,  J  pound  rosin,  1 
pint  linseed  oil,  3  table  spoonsful  lamp  black,  2 
ounces  British  oil,  J  ounce  sugar  of  lead  finely 
pulverized.  Boil  this  over  a  slow  fire  one  hour, 
then  add  1  pint  more  of  linseed  oil,  and  boil 
another  hour,  when  done  add  J  pint  of  turpen- 
tine while  cooling  off,  stir  and  mix  well,  do  not 
put  the  turpentine  in  when  first  taken  off  the 
fire.  Let  it  cool  5  minutes^  then  pour  in  the 
turpentine  slowly,  stirring  well.  Should  it 
catch  on  fire  while  pouring  in  the  turpentine, 
put  a  lid  or  cover  over  the  vessel  immediately 
to  smother  the  fire.  There  is  no  danger  in 
making  if  careful,  as  it  will  be  easily  smothered. 
Pour  out  into  a  new  earthen  -crock,  let  cool  off, 
and  when  cool  put  into  a  jar  or  tin  box.  There 
is  nothing  better  than  this  preparation  for 
wounds,  fresh  or  old  boils,  and  cannot  be  sur- 
passed for  scalds,  burns,  &c. 


judkin's  ointment.  •   163 

Directions  for  Use. 

Spread  a  thin  coat  of  the  ointment  on  a  piece 
of  linen  rag  large  enough  to  cover  the  scald  or 
burn,  which  should  he  renewed  twice  a  day. — 
Scrape  the  old  ointment  off,  and  the  rag  may 
he  used  again  with  another  coat  of  fresh  oint- 
ment. For  boils  cut  a  hole  in  the  rag  so  as  to 
give  it  room  to  open  and  discharge  its  contents; 
renew  the  ointment  three  times  a  day.  This  is 
considered  one  of  the  best  ointments  of  the  age. 
Give  it  a  trial  and  its  effects  will  soon  be  felt. 


EEMEDY  FOE  THE  BITE  OF  A  SNAKE. 

Take  the  spirits  of  camphor  made  of  whiskey 
and  apply  it  to  the  bite,  turning  the  bottle 
which  contains  it  over  the  bite  and  let  it  remain 
on  until  all  the  poison  is  drawn  out.  The  bot- 
tle used  should  have  a  large  mouth  so  that  it- 
may  cover  the  wound  entirely.  Drink  freely  of 
the  whiskey  until  you  begin  to  feel  it?  effects- 
This  done  in  time  has  never  failed. 


164  FOE   THE   PILES. 


FOR  THE  PILES. 


Take  tlie  kernel  of  three  peacli  seeds,  masli 
them  well,  tlien  add  hog's  lard  or  fresh  butter, 
not  salted,  enough  to  form  a  salve  and  rub  this 
between  two  butter  plates  until  it  becomes  of  a 
bluish  color,  grease  with  it  and  take  enough 
rhubarb  to  keep  the  bowels  open. 


CERTAIN  CURE  FOR  CANCER. 

Take  1  pint  of  strong  lev  and  boil  down  till 
it  forms  a  salve,  then  apply  every  15  minutes 
until  seven  plasters  have  been  applied,  and  as 
soon  as  it  begins  to  bleed  stop  the  applications, 
then  work  the  core  out  and  grease  with  hog's 
lard  to  kill  it;  heal  with  ointment  or  some  good 
salve.  When  the  ley  has  been  boiled  down, 
should  the  substance  that  remains  become  hard, 
work  it  into  a  salve.  This  is  also  good  for  the 
cure  of  fistula  or  poll  evil  in  horses. 


FOR   WHITE   SWELLINGS.  165 


FOR  WHITE  SWELLINGS. 

Take  1  handful  of  mullin  leaves  and  J  pint 
of  old  rye  whiskey;  hoil  these  together  and 
strain,  then  add  1  gill  of  turpentine  and  2  gills 
of  spirits  of  camphor.  Bathe  well  until  all  the 
swelling  and  soreness  has  left,  wrap  with  flan- 
nel which  should  he  dampened  with  the  lotion; 
this  is  a  certain  remedy. 


TO  KEEP  CIDER  SWEET. 

Make  the  cider  as  late  in  the  fall  as  possible 
from  solid  apples,  without  using  any  water,  put 
away  immediately  from  the  press,  and  lay  it  in 
some  place  where  it  may  remain  quiet,  let  the 
place  be  as  cool  as  possible.  Fill  the  barrel  up 
full,  take  the  bung  out  and  leave  it  out  for  four 
days,  filling  it  up  occasionally  as  it  settles  or 
works  out.  Should  the  cider  stop  working  un- 
der 4  days,  rack  it  off  carefully  from  the  dregs, 
which  should  be  done  as  soon  as  the  cider  stops 


166  TO   KEEP   CIDER   SWEET. 

working,  then  put  your  cider  into  a  clean  sweet 
barrel — it  should  be  a  barrel  that  has  had  whis- 
key or  brandy  in  it — if  not,  rinse  with  water 
until  perfectly  clean,  then  sweetened  by  putting 
in  a  small  quantity  of  whiskey.  If  this  cannot 
be  done  soak  your  barrels  well  so  that  they  may 
be  sweet  and  clean.  After  having  racked  your 
cider  off  from  the  dregs  carefully,  put  in  the 
whites  of  6  eggs,  battered  light,  and  a  scant  ^ 
pint  of  mustard  seed.  Bung  up  and  in  5  or  6 
weeks  rack  it  off  again  carefully  from  the  dregs. 
Cleanse  the  barrel  well  and  put  in  the  same 
barrel — J  gallon  of  old  rye  whiskey  will  add 
considerably  to  its  flavor.  If  your  cider  is  very 
sour,  add  from  3  to  5  lbs.  white  sugar;  to  insure 
its  preservation  it  should  be  strained  through  a 
cloth  from  the  press.  By  being  carefal — cider 
put  up  in  this  way  will  keep  for  5  years. 


FOK  BOILED  CIDER. 

Make  the  cider  late  in  the  fall,  using  none 
but  sound  apples,  not  even  those  with  small 
specks  in,  without  any  water.     Take  it  right 


FOR  BOILED   CIDER.  167 

from  the  press  and  put  it  in  a  copper  kettle;  boil 
it  one  hour  from  the  time  it  commences;  skim 
it  off  as  the  skum  arises  as  clean  as  you  can; 
then  pour  into  a  clean,  s^eet  whiskey  barrel, 
put  into  a  bag  scant  J  pint  of  mustard  seed;  let 
the  bag  down  through  the  bung  hole  by  a  string, 
making  the  string  fast  to  the  barrel  so  as  it  can 
be  drawn  out  again  conveniently.  It  may  be 
flavored  with  ground  cinnamon  or  cloves  if  you 
fancy  the  taste.  Cider  put  up  in  this  way  will 
keep  a  long  time  and  makes  an  excellent  drink, 
by  adding  |  gallon  of  old  rye  whiskey  it  may 
be  kept  a  number  of  years.  Cider,  either  from 
the  press  or  boiled,  put  into  bottles  or  jugs, 
corked  up  tight  and  sealed  over  with  sealing- 
wax;  it  can  be  kept  many  years,  and  makes  a 
delicious  drink. 


CHERRY  BRANDT. 

Press  out  the  juice  and  add  1  gallon  of  water 
to  12  gallons  of  the  juice;  then  dissolve  in  the 
juice  1  pound  of  white-  sugar  to  the  gallon;  boil 
slowly  in  a  copper  kettle,  and  skim  off  what 


168  CHERRY   BRANDY. 

rises  to  the  top.  Do  not  boil  too  long  or  it  will 
get  thick;  when  the  skiim  stops  rising  freely 
pour  it  into  some  vessel  to  cool.  Do  not  allow 
it  to  stand  in  the  kettle  to  cool.  When  it  has 
become  cool  put  into  whatever  vessel  you  wish 
to  keep  it  in_,  and  add  as  much  old  rye  whiskey 
as  may  suit  your  taste,  say  from  1  to  3  gallons. 
The  better  the  whiskey  is  the  better  your  brandy 
will  be.  Black  heart  cherries  are  the  best  if 
they  can  be  had.  This  makes  a  much  better 
drink  than  port  wine. 


BLACK  OR  DEWBERRY  CORDIAL. 

For  diarhoea  or  summer  complaint.  This  is 
made  by  adding  1  pound  of  white  sugar  to  3 
pounds  of  black  or  dewberries,  allowing  them 
to  stand  for  twelve  hours,  then  pressing  out  the 
juice  and  strain  well,  adding  1  third  part  good 
french  brandy  and  1  tea  spoonful  of  finely  pul- 
verized allspice  in  every  part  of  the  cordial,, 
which  is  ready  for  use  at  once.  This  cordial 
cannot  be  surpassed  for  children  and  weak 
stomachs,  &c. 


BLACK   OR  DE^-^ERRY  WINE.  169 

BLACK  OR  DEWBEREY  WINE. 

An  excellent  wine  and  a  valuable  medicine 
for  home  use.  To  make  a  wine  equal  to  jDort 
wine,  take  ripe  blackberrieSj  or  dewberries  are 
best;  press  out  the  juice,  let  it  stand  thirty-six 
hours  to  ferment,  skim  off  whatever  rises  to  the 
top,  then  to  every  gallon  of  the  juice  add  one 
quart  of  water  and  3  pounds  of  white  sugar. 
Let  this  stand  in  open  vessels  for  24  hours,  skim 
and  strain  it,  then  barrel  it  up  until  March, 
when  it  should  be  racked  off  carefully  from  the 
dregs,  and  bottled  up  for  use. 


GAS  BEER. 

For  8  gallon  vessel — take  three  pints  of  fresh 
yeast,  3  pints  of  ISTew  Orleans  molasses,  put  in- 
to your  keg,  then  add  3  gallons  of  fresh  water, 
bung  up,  and  shake  to  mix  well.  Then  take  a 
tin  bucket  and  put  in  one  tea  spoonful  of  ground 
cinnamon,  1  of  ground  cloves,  3  table  spoonsful 
of  ground  allspice,  1  of  ginger,  3  pints  of  mo- 
lasses, then  pour  on  it  hot  water  and  mix  well; 


1*70  *  GAS  BEER. 

let  this  stand  some  10  or  15  minutes,  then  pour 
it  into  the  keg  and  fill  up  with  fresh  vrater,. 
bung. up  tight;  put  something  over  the  bung  to 
keep  it  from  working  out — use  a  strong  keg  for 
this  purpose.  This  makes  an  excellent  cooling 
drink  in  summer.  Lay  your  keg'  in  the  sun 
several  hours  or  until  it  commences  to  work. — 
In  cold  weather  lay  your  keg  close  to  the  fire — 
in  fifteen  or  twenty  hours  it  will  be  fit  for  use. 


SILVER  TOP  DRINK. 

Take  1  quart  of  water,  3  pounds  of  sugar,  1 
tea  spoonful  of  lemon  oil,  1  table  spoonful  of 
flour,  with  the  white  of  5  eggs  well  beat  up, 
mix  the  above  well  together,  then  divide  the 
syrup  and  add  4  ounces  of  carbonate  acid  in  the 
other,  and  bottle  for  use.  Pour  about  a  gill  out 
of  one  bottle  into  a  tumbler  and  the  same  quan- 
tity out  of  the  other  bottle  into  another  glass, 
add  a  little  water  if  you  choose,  pour  the  two 
together  and  drink  while  effervescing. 


BLACK  INK.  171 


BLACK  INK. 

Take  4  ounces  of  the  extract  of  log  woocl^  J 
ounce  of  bycromate  of  pot  ash,  1  pint  boiling 
water,  stir  well  until  all  is  dissolved — if  the  ink 
is  not  black  enough,  add  a  little  more  of  bycro- 
mate of  pot  ash.  This  preparation  will  also 
answer  for  coloring  goods,  &c. 


BED  INK. 

Take  of  spirits  of  hartshorn  1  pint,  pure  car- 
mine I  drachm,  put  into  a  bottle  and  shake  well 
and  it  is  fit  for  use. 


INDELLIBLE  INK. 

Take  of  lunar  caustic  100  grains,  gum  arable 
100  grains,  make  both  fine  and  pour  water 
enough  over  to  dissolve  it,  put  into  a  phial  and 
stop  tightly. 


172  IXDELLIBLE  INK. 

To  make  the  preparation  to  be  used  "before 
writing  on  the  linen,  take  2  drachnis  of  salts  of 
tartar;  2  drachms  gum  arabic,  dissolve  these  in 
1  ounce  of  rain  water.  Before  using  the  ink, 
wet  whatever  article  you  wish  to  mark  with  this 
last  preparation  and  dry  with  a  smooth  iron, 
then  wash  the  gum  out  and  you  have  the  name 
indellibly  fixed.   % 


ANOTHEK  BLACK  INK. 

Take  1  pound  logwood,  1  gallon  soft  water, 
boil  it  1  hour  and  add  25  grains  of  by  cremate 
of  pot  ash,  12  grains  of  prusiate  of  pot  ash, 
stir  a  few  minutes  over  the  fire,  take  it  ofij  and 
when  settled  strain  it. 


WASHING  FLUID. 

Take  1  gallon  of  soft  soap,  4  ounces  of  sal 
Boda,  ^  gallon  soft  water,  and  ^  gill  of  spirits  of 
turpentine,  place  them  all  into  a  pot  over  a  fire 
and  allow  the  mixture  to  boil  a  few  minutes,  it 


WAsnnvG  FLUID.  173 

is  then  ready  for  use  and  can  be  kept  in  an 
earthen  or  stone  vessel.  In  using  this  fluid  the 
clothes  intended  to  be  washed  should  be  soaked 
in  water  10  or  12  hours^  say  over  night,  and 
then  to  a  10  or  12  gallon  boiler  or  kettle  full 
of  cloth eSj  covered  with  water,  add  1  pint  of 
fluidj  boil  briskly  for  fifteen  minutes,  and  then 
ring  them  out  in  fresh  water.  It  will  be  found 
that  little  or  no  rubbing  will  be  necessary. — 
This  preparation  will  save  a  great  deal  of  hard 
rubbing  and  labor — it  is  truly  worth  trying. 


TEANSPAKENT  SOAP. 

Take  3  pounds  of  best  rosin  soap,  1  quart  of 
best  alcohol,  1  ounce  of  venice  turpentine,  1 
ounce  of  oil  of  sassafras,  or  you  may  use  berg- 
amount  or  the  oil  of  lemon,  or  cinnamon,  ei1:her 
of  which  Vill  answer.  Cut  the  soap  into  thin 
shavings,  put  into  a  pan  the  alcohol  and  soap, 
melt  over  a  slow  fire  so  as  just  to  keep  from 
boiling;  when  all  is  dissolved  let  it  boil  a  min- 


174  TRANSPARENT  SOAP. 

ute  or  two,  you  must  be  careful  not  to  let  the 
blaze  of  the  fire  get  to  it  or  it  will  catch  on  fire; 
it  is  best  to  put  it  on  a  stove  where  there,  will 
be  no  clanger,  keep  stirring  slowly  until  all  is 
melted,  then  add  your  Venice  turpentine,  stir- 
ring and  mixing  for  a  minute  or  so,  then,  take 
your  pan  ofi"  the  fire  and  put  in  your  oil  of  sas- 
safras immediately,  or  whatever  oil  you  intend 
using,  the  oil  of  sassafras  is  however  the  best. 
This  soap  cannot  be  surpassed  for  shaving, 
washing,  and  is  excellent  for  sore  or  rough 
hands.  Try  it  and  you  will  be  surprised — the 
rosin  soap  used  must  be  clear. 


PROF.  BIDDLE'S  CELEBRATED  PREPA- 
RATION FOR  THE  HAIR  AND  HEAD. 

To  make  1  quart,  take  nearly  one  half  a  pint 
of  cold  pressed  castor  oil  and  fill  it  nearly  full 
of  95  per  cent,  alcohol,  then  add  ^  ounce  of 
spirits  of  hartshorn,  J  ounce  of  tincture  of  can- 
tharides,  40  drops  oil  of  bergamot,  which  gives 
it  an  elegant  perfume — shake  well  and  it  is 
ready  for  use. 


PREPARATION   FOR  THE   HAIR   AND   HEAD.    175 


Directions  for  Use. 

Wash  your  head  first  witli  Tviiiskey,  tlien  ap- 
ply the  hair  oil  freely,  pour  it  on  the  head  gen- 
tly and  ruh  with  the  hand  or  stiff  hrush.  For 
children  only  use  the  hair  oil.  To  remove  the 
dandruff,  comh  the  head  well  with  a  fine  comb, 
do  this  every  time  you  use  the  preparation.  This 
oil ,  should  be  applied  twice  a  week^  which  will 
loosen  the  dandruff  so  that  it  may  be  easily  re- 
moved. A  great  and  valuable  discovery  for  the 
hair  and  head,  two  or  three  applications  of  which 
will  remove  every  particle  of  dandruff,  purify 
the  skin  and  prevent  the  hair  from  coming  out, 
giving  new  life  and  vigor  to  every  hair  on  the 
head,  and  changing  light  or  sandy  hair  to  a 
beautiful  dark  lustre;  also  curing  dizzy  or  ner- 
vous headache.  Ko  one  should  be  without  this 
valuable  preparation,  especially  those  who  are 
subject  to  dandruff  eruptions  of  the  skin,  falling 
off  of  the  hair,  dizzy  or  nervous  headache.  If 
it  should  make  the  head  tender,  only  use  half 
the  tinctdre  of  cantharides.  The  alcohol  must 
be  strictly  95  p^r  cent. — you  can  add  hartshorn 
if  not  strong  enough,  also  bergamot  for  per- 


176        TO   RESTORE   THE   HAIR   IN    BALDNESS. 

fume  to  suit.  It  is  good  for  tetter  on  the  head. 
Every  ingredient  can  be  had  at  almost  any  of 
the  drug  stores. 


TO  KESTOBE  THE  HAIR  IN  BALDNESS. 

Take  of  cold  pressed  castor  oil  2  ounces,  tinc- 
ture of  cantharides  J  ounce,  acetic  acid  J  ounce, 
strong  water  of  amonia  IJ  ounces,  oil  of  nut- 
megs 4  drachm,  oil  of  lavender  j  drachm,  put 
this  in  a  bottle,  make  into  a  lotion,  when  it  will 
be  ready  for  use. 

Directions  for  Use. 

The  head  should  be  perfectly  cleaned  of  all 
dirt  and  dandruff,  with  castile  soap  and  warm 
water_,  and  the  lotion  applied  freely  and  rubbed 
in  with  a  stiff  hair  brush  once  a  day;  in  a  week 
or  two  its  good  effects  will  be  manifested.  This 
is  the  best  preparation  for  baldness  yet  intro- 
duced— give  it  a  fair  trial  and  you  will  not  be 
disappointed.  The  drugs  of  this  preparation 
can  be  had  at  any  of  the  drug  stores. 


TOOTHACHE  BALSAM.  177 

TOOTHACHE  BALSAM. 

Take  of  creosote  1  draclim,  oil  of  cloves  1 
dracliTBj  tincture  of  camphor  2  drachms,  oil  of 
petroleum  2  drachms,  mix  them  thoroughly  and 
cork  tight  for  use.  A  few  drops  of  this  mix- 
ture on  cotton  and  applied  to  the  nerve  of  the 
tooth  will  relieve  the  pain. 


TOOTH  POWDEK. 

Take  of  supercarhonate  of  soda  1  ounce,  pul- 
verized orris  root  |  an  ounce,  cream  of  tartar  J 
ounce,  oil  of  roses  10  drops,  mix  them  properly. 
This  may  be  used  with  the  finger,  rag  or  soft 
tooth  brush. 


a:n'otheii  tooth  powder.  ^ 

Carbonate  of  magnesia  any  quantity,  per- 
fumed with  the  oil  of  cinnamon  or  neroli.  This 
is  the  best  tooth  powder  for  children — the  teeth 
should  always  be  cleaned  after  eating,  if  you 
wish  to  keep  the  breath  sweet. 
12 


178  COLOGNE  WATER. 


COLOGNE  WATER  No.  1. 

Take  of  oil  of  bergamot  1  ounce,  oil  of  lav- 
ender J  ounce,  oil  of  neroli  1  draclim,  oil  of 
roses  15  drops,  oil  of  cloves  30  drops,  new  milk 
1  pint,  pure  alcohol  1  gallon,  digest  1  day  and 
filter  through  close  flannel  several  times. 


COLOGNE  WATER  No.  2. 

Take  of  oil  of  bergamot  1  ounce,  oil  of  lemon 
1  ounce,  oil  of  lavender  3  ounces,  tincture  of 
muck  1  drachm,  pure  alcohol  7  pints,  rose  water 
1  pint,  gum  camphor  20  grains,  mix  and  digest 
1  day  and  filter — cork  up  tight  for  use. 


COLOGNE  WATER  No.  3. 

Take  oil  of  roses  5  drops,  oil  of  bergamot  1 
ounce,  oil  of  lemon  1  ounce,  oil  of  lavender  2| 


TOOTHACHE   POWDERS.  179 

ounces,  oil  of  rosemary  J  ounce,  oil  of  cinnamon 
10  drops,  pure  alcohol  7  pints,  new  milk  1  pint. 
Let  tlie  mixture  stand  one  day  and  filter.  All 
preparations  of  cologne  should  be  kept  closely 
stopped,  otherwise  they  will  loose  their  fine 
flavor. 


TOOTHACHE  DKOPS. 

Take  of  95  per  cent,  alcohol  1  pint,  oil  of 
origanum  2  ounces,  gum  camphor  2  ounces,  tar- 
taric acid  J  ounce.  Digest  1  day  and  mix  well, 
when  it  will  he  ready  for  use — cork  up  tight. — • 
A  few  drops  of  this  mixture  on  cotton  applied 
to  the  nerte,  and  the  gums  well  ruhhed  with  it 
will  soon  relieve  the  pain.  This  is  harmless  and 
pleasant.  If  you  cannot  get  any  cotton  to  the 
nerve,  bathe  the  tooth  and  gums  well  with  it. 


FOR  DYSPEPSIA 

Take  of  1 J  pounds  of  white  mustard  seed  from 
1  tea  spoonful  to  1  table  spoonful,  between 
meals — the  whole  seeds  in  cold  water. 


180  TO  PRESERVE    BUTTER. 


TO  PRESERVE  BUTTER  No.  1. 

Take  saltpetre  and  loaf  sugar  of  an  equal 
proportion  and  make  a  liquid.  After  packing 
the  butter  in  a  jar  or  sweet  keg,  pour  over 
enough  of  the  liquid  to  cover  the  butter  an  inch 
or  two.  If  you  should  wish  to  re-pack  the  but- 
ter, pour  off  the  liquid,  which  if  sweet,  may  be 
used  again  when  you  have  done  packing. 


TO  PRESERVE  BUTTER  No.  2. 

Reduce  separately  to  a  fine  powder,  in  a  dry 
mortar,  2  pounds  of  the  best  common  salt,  1 
pound  of  saltpetre  and  1  pound  of  loaf  sugar; 
sift  one  of  them  over  the  other  on  a  sheet  of 
paper,  then  mix  them  well  together  and  they 
are  ready  for  use.  1  ounce  of  the  preparation 
is  enough  to  a  pound  of  butter,  and  if  well 
worked  in  will  preserve  it  sweet  for  three  years. 
This  is  worth  giving  a  trial. 


TO   PICKEL   CUCUMBERS.  181 


TO  PICKEL  CUCUMBERS. 

Let  your  cucumbers  loe  small,  fresh  gfitliered 
and  free  from  spots;  then  make  a  pickel  of  salt 
and  water,  strong  enough  to  bear  up  an  egg; 
boil  the  pickel  in  a  copper  kettle  if  convenient; 
and  skim  it  well;  then  pour  it  upon  the  cucum- 
bers and  tie  them  down  for  24  hours,  strain  out 
through  a  colander  and  dr  j  off  well  with  a  cloth. 

Take  the  best  wine  or  cider  vinegar,  cloves, 
mace,  nutmegs,  pepper  and  race  ginger,  boil 
them  together  and  put  the  cucumbers  in  with  a 
little  salt,  as  soon  as  they  begin  to  turn  their 
color,  put  them  into  jars,  crocks  or  tight  bar- 
rels; when  cold  tie  on  a  bladder  or  leather. 
This  is  excellent  and  worthy  attention. 


SOFT  GINGEB  BREAD. 

Four  cups  of  molasses^  2  of  butter,  2  of  milk, 
eight  eggs,  two  tea  spoonsful  of  pearlash,  gin- 
ger, and  sufficient  flour  to  make  it  stiff  as  pound 
cake. 


182  TO   PRESERVE   PEACHES. 


TO  PKESERYE  PEACHES. 

Take  ripe  free  stone  peaches — pare,  stone  and 
quarter  them;  to  six  pounds  of  the  cut  peaches 
allow  three  pounds  of  the  best  brown  sugar; 
stew  the  sugar  and  peaches  together,  and  set 
them  away  in  a  covered  vessel;  next  morning 
put  them  into  a  preserving  kettle  and  boil  it 
slowly  about  an  hour  and  three  quarters,  skim- 
ming it  well. 


TO  PKESERYE  PLUMBS,  &c. 

A  pound  of  sugar  to  a  pound  of  fruit;  the 
sugar  should  be  melted  over  a  fire,  moderate 
enough  not  to  scorch  it  when  melted.  It  should 
be  skimmed  clean  and  the  fruit  dropped  in  to 
eiq^mer  until  it  is  soft.  Put  them  in  jars  and 
cover  carefully  from  the  air.  Glass  is  much 
better  than  earthen  for  preserves — they  are  not 
so  apt  to  ferment. 


TO  TAKE   GREASE   OUT   OF  CLOTH,    &C.  183 


SOAP  TO  TAKE  GREASE  OUT  OF  CLOTH, 

SATINS,  SILKS,  &c. 

Take  4  pounds  of  white  Bar  soap,  IJ  pints  95 
per  cent,  alcohol,  1^  ounces  of  nitric  acid,  2  do. 
of  saltpetre,  2  ounces  soda,  |  ounce  camphor;  cut 
the  har  soap  into  thin  shavings,  put  all   the 
ahove  ingredients  in  a  crock,  then  boil  over  a 
slow  fire,  with  very  little  blaze;  pulverize  your 
camj)hor  as  fine  as  possible  and  when  all  is 
properly  dissolved,  which  will  take  1  hour  or  so 
then  take  the  pot  off  the  fire  and  when  cooled 
add  1^  ounces  spirits  of  amonia,  pour  in  slowly 
stirring  all  the  time;  should   it  catch   on  fire 
smother  it  with  a  cover  or  by  throwing  a  cloth 
over  the  pot.     Stir  while  boiling,  and  scett  with 
J  ounce  of  oil  of  cinnamon.     This  will  remove 
grease  spots  from  cloth,  silks,  &c.,  by  taking  a 
tooth  brush — dip  into  water  aftd  make  a  lather 
with  the  soap^  rub  the  grease  spot  well  with  the 
brush  and  lather,  then  wash  it  out  twice  in  cold 
water,  rinsing  and  squeezing  the  soap  out  as 
clean  as  possible — let  it  be  clean  water  each 
time.    This  will  take  grease,  paint,  tar,  oil^  &c., 


184  SOAP   FOR   GREASE,   TAR,   PAIXT,   &C. 

out  of  any  kind  of  goods  wlien  properly  ap- 
pliad.  By  pouring  it  in  a  flat  pan  you  can  cut 
your  soap  into  cakes  of  any  size. 


SOAP  FOE  GREASE,  TAR,  PAINT,  &c. 

Take  1  quart  95  per  cent,  alcohol,  2f  pounds 
best  home  made  soap;  cut  the  soap  into  thin 
shavings,  then  put  the  soap  and  alcohol  into  -a 
pan  or  vessel  over  a  slow  fire,  and  let  all  dissolve 
hefore  it  boils;  when  dissolved  boil  a  few  min- 
utes, then  pour  the  soap  into  a  pan,  and  when 
cooled  off  cut  into  cakes.  This  prei^aration  is 
excellent  for  washing  dirty  clothes  and  will  not 
require  near  the  labor  that  the  common  soap 
does.  For  cloth,  silks,  &c.,  you  may  take  less 
soap.  It  may  be  used  in  the  same  manner  di- 
rected for  the  other  soap.  _     . 


REMEDY  FOR  ITCH  No.  V. 

•  Take  broad  dock  roots  and  lard  sufficient  to 
form  a  mixture,  boil  it  until  it  forms  a  salve. — 


REMEDIES   FOR  ITCH.  185 

Bury  tli6  salve  in  tlie  ground  for  24  hours,  tlien 
grease  2  or  3  times  every  evening  before  going 
to  hed,  dry  in  by  the  stove  and  shift  the  clothes. 
It  never  fails.  Take  sulphor  of  brimstone  sev- 
eral days  before  applying  the  salve.  This  plant 
is  hot  the  burdock  nor  the  narrowdock,  which  it 
resembles,  except  that  the  leaves  of  the  broad 
dock  are  broader  and  the  stocks  do  not  grow 
near  so  high. 


EEMEDY  FOR  ITCH  No.  2. 

Take  4  ounces  of  venice  turpentine,  4  ounces 
of  red  precipitate,  I  pound  of  unwashed  butter. 
The  turpentine  must  be  washed  9  times  in  fresh 
spring  water,  then  mix  all  the  ingredients 
thoroughly.  Apply  several  times  of  an  evening 
before  going  to  bed  and  dry  in  at  the  stove,  af- 
ter which  put  on  clean  clothes.  Avoid  getting 
wet  while  using  this  salve.  Take  sulphor  and 
cream  of  tartar  2  or  3  days  before  applying. 


186  REMEDIES  FOR    ITCH. 


KEMEDY  FOE  ITCH  No.  3. 

Take  narrow  dock  and  grate  it^  then  add 
sweet  milk  or  cream  and  fry  them  together  and 
grease  with  it  3  or  4  times  every  evening,  dry- 
ing in  at  the  stove,  then  dress  with  clean 
clothes.  Take  J  tea  spoonful  of  sulphor  twice 
a  day  several  days  before  and  after.  This  is  a 
certain  cure. 


PILLS  BY  DE.  W.  B.  YOUNa. 

Take  calomel,  jalap,  aloes  and  rhuhaih,  equal 
portions,  mix  all  together  and  add  a  little  water 
at  a  time,  and  mix  until  you  cannot  see  the  calo- 
mel grains,  roll  in  powderedlielchore  or  epicac. 
Dose  from  1  to  3  pills  once  a  day  in  the  even- 
ing. Eoll  the  mixture  out  in  rolls  and  cut  up 
to  make  the  regular  sizes.  These  are  an  excel- 
lent domestic  pill. 


FRENCH   PATENT   OIL   VARNISH.  18T 

FKENCH  PATENT  OIL  VARjSISH. 

For  Boots,  Shoes,  Harness  and  Carriages: — 
Take  1  gallon  alcohol,  IJ  pounds  gum  shellac, 
8  ounces  of  white  turpentine,  4  ounces  of  rosin, 
4  ounces  of  venice  turpentine,  4  ounces  oil  of 
lavender,  1  ounce  lamp  black  to  color  with;  put 
the  gum  shellac  and  alcohol  into  a  jug  and 
shake  let  it  stand  a  day  or  two  to  dissolve,  then 
add  the  other  ingredients  and  shake  well  until 
all  is  dissolved,  when  it  is  ready  for  use.  In 
applying  this  polish  use  a  sponge  or  brush, 
lightly  and  briskly,  and  it  will  make  a  beauti- 
ful polish.  It  will  render  leather  water  proof, 
but  if  used  regularly  a  small  quantity  of  oil 
should  be 'applied  occasionally. 


COX'S  HIVE  SYRUP. 

Take  of  bruised  squills  10  drachms^  seneca 
snake  root  10  drachms;  add  the  squills  and 
snake  root  to  1  pint  of  water  that  has  been  first 
boiled,  settled  and  poured  off  and  simmer  slowly 
until  you  have  but  half  a  pint  of  water,  then 
strain  it  off  and  add  clarified  sugar  1  pound, 


188  cox's   HIVE   SYRUP. 

'  and  simmer  until  all  are  well  mixed,  then  add 
tartar  emetic  22  grains,  salts  of  tartar  22  grains, 
stir  and  mix  properly  while  the  fluid  is  warm, 
stop  it  uj)  tight  for  use.  This  syrup  is  good  in 
coughs,  croup  or  bad  colds  in  children,  in  10  or 
15  drop  doses — no  family  should  do  without  it 
one  day.  If  you  do  not  wish  to  be  troubled 
making  it,  buy  some  and  always  keep  it  in  your 
house.  It  is  a  sure  and  safe  remedy  for  croup, 
in  which  little  larger  doses  should  be  adminis- 
tered often  until  it  vomits  pretty  freely — con- 
tinue with  the  syrup  until  the  tightness  is  bro- 
ken, then  use  occasionally,  not  enough  to  vomit 
so  often.  By  keeping  this  remedy  at  hand  you 
may  save  some  one  of  your  family,  and  a  large 
amount  of  trouble  and  expense.  In  croup  put 
a  mustard  plaster  on  the  breast  and  throat  im- 
mediately, as  no  time  is  to  be  lost.  Mustard 
plaster  is  made  with  ground  mustard  and  wheat 
flour  equal  parts;  mix  them  together  and  wet 
with  warm  vinegar,  greasing  the  throat  and 
breast  with  turpentine  or  good  liniment;  put- 
ting flannel  around  the  neck  is  very  good. — 
Young  parents  should  be  on  their  guard  when 
not  acqisiiinted  with  the  disease. 


DOMESTIC  COUGH  SYRUP.  189 


DOMESTIC  COUan  SYEUP. 

Take  of  cumfrey  root  one  ounce,  elecampane 
root  1  ounce,  nettle  root  1  ounce,  hoarhound 
leaves  1  ounce^  spikenard  root  J  ounce,  pulver- 
ize all  fine  and  boil  them  in  a  quart  of  water 
down  to  a  pint,  strain  the  liquor  off  and  when 
settled  pour  off  again;  add  to  it  1  pint  of  strained 
honey,  and  simmer  down  slowly  to  a  pint  and 
a  half;  add  to  it  scant  ^  ounce  juice  of  Indian 
turnip;  take  a  green  turnip  and  beat  and  squeeze 
the  juice  out,  add  to  the  syrup  when  milk  warm; 
if  put  in  while  hot  it  will  loose  its  medical 
properties.  A  table  spoonful  or  less  may  be 
taken  from  4  to  6  times  a  day,  in  cases  of  bad 
cough,  it  is  healing  and  strengthening  to  the 
lungs;  it  may  be  made  with  or  without  the  In- 
dian turnip  juice.  The  Indian  turnip  is  an  ex- 
cellent of  itself. 


190  GREAT  SALVE   FOR    WOUNDS,   &C. 


GREAT  SAL  YE  FOR  WOUNDS,  &c. 

Take  1  pound  sheep  tallow,  1  pound  beeswax, 
^  pound  rosin  elder  inside  bark,  1  pound  balm 
of  gillead  leaves  or  flowers,  put  into  a  pan  and 
fry  over  a  slow  fire  to  a  salve,  spread  thin  on  a 
linen  rag  and  apply  2  or  3  times  a  day. 


SODA  POWDERS. 

To  make  tbese  powders  put  1  tea  spoonful  of 
carbonate  of  soda  into  a  glass  nearly  half  full  of 
water,  and  J  tea  spoonful  of  tartaric  acid  in  the 
other,  and  add  enough  sugar  and  lemon  syrup 
or  lemon  juice  to  suit  the  taste;  stir  and  dissolve 
the  powders  and  sugar,  then  pour  one  into  the 
other  and  drink  while  effervescing.  This  is  a 
very  pleasant  and  cooling  drink. 


PATENT  BLACK  JAPAN.         191 

PATENT  BLACK  JAPAK. 

For  iron  or  wood  carriages,  &g.  Take  1  gal- 
lon of  turpentine,  2^-  pounds  asplialtunij  put 
tliem  into  an  iron  pot  over  a  charcoal  fire  and 
let  remain  until  dissolved,  then  strain  it — if  it 
becomes  too  thick  when  cold  add  spirits  of  tur- 
pentine. For  wood  or  canvass  add  while  hot, 
to  every  gallon  1  pint  of  copal  varnish  and  J 
pint  of  linseed  oil.  This  is  a  good  and  cheap 
paint  or  varnish,  used  by  a  great  many  coach- 
makers,  blacksmiths,  &c. 


TO  MAKE  SOFT  SOAP. 

Take  10  pounds  of  common  yellow  or  rosin 
soap,  such  as  is  purchased  here  for'4  or  6  cents 
per  pound,  6  pounds  sal-soda,  10  gallons  soft 
or  rain  water;  cut  the  soap  into  small  thin  pieces 
and  put  the  whole  over  a  fire,  bring  the  water 
nearly  to  a  boiling  point  and  allow  it  to  remain 
at  that  temperature  until  the  soap  is  thoroughly 
dissolved;  it  may  then  be  taken  ofi".  If  the  soap 
made  with  these  ingredients  is  found  to  be  too 
strong  add  cold  water  until  it  becomes  of  the 
proper  consistency  and  strength. 


192  FURNITURE   POLISH. 


FUENITUKE  POLISH. 

Take  J  pound  beeswax,  separate  into  sliav- 
ingSj  put  in  a  pan  and  add  i  gallon  of  spirits 
of  turpentine  and  1  pint  linseed  oil;  let  it  re- 
main for  12  hours,  then  stir  it  well  with  a  stick 
into  a  liquid;  while  stirring  add  J  pound  shellac 
varnish  and  1  ounce  alkinet  root.  Put  this 
mixture  into  a  gallon  jar  and  stand  it  before  a 
fire  or  in  an  oven  for  a  week,  just  to  keep  it 
warm,  shaking  it  up  3  or  4  times  a  day,  then 
strain  it  through  a  hair  seive  or  fine  flannel.  In 
using  pour  a  tea  spoonful  on  a  wad  of  baize  or 
flannel,  and  go  lightly  over  the  face  or  other 
parts  of  the  mahogany  furniture,  then  apply  a 
similar  dry  wad  briskly  and  in  three  minutes 
it  will  produce  a  dark  brilliant  polish,  unequal- 
led and  of  great  value.  The  shellac  varnish  is 
made  b}"  taking  ^  pound  good  gum  shellac  and 
pouring  alcohol  enough  over  to  dissolve  it,  say 
as  much  as  to  cover  the  shellac. 


ESSENCE   OF   LEMON.  193 


ESSENCE  OF  LEMON. 

Take  1  pint  alcohol,  ^  ounce  of  oil  of  lemon, 
color  with  tincture  of  tamarisk.  To  make  these 
essences  for  family  use  you  should  take  95  per 
cent,  alcohol  and  the  quantity  of  oil  named  in 
the  reciept,  which  will  save  you  three  hundred 
per  cent,  paying  you  for  your  labor.  If  you 
wish  to  make  a  pint,  get  a  glass  bottle  that  will 
hold  a  little  more  than  a  pint  and  put  your  al- 
cohol and  oil  in,  shake  and  mix  them  well,  then 
color  to  suit. 

To  make  1  ^gallon  of  the  essences  for  sale, 
take  1  gallon  of  common  alcohol  and  2  ounces 
of  the  oil — color  as  in  the  others. 


ESSENCE  OF  PEPPERMNT. 

Take  1  pint  alcohol,  J  ounce  of  oil  of  pep- 
permint, and  if  you  wish  it  colored  add  in  small 
quantities  the  tincture  of  tamarisk,  stirring  it, 
until  you  have  the  color  to  suit  your  taste.  This 
is  excellent  for  cramp  colic  in  man  or  horse. 
13 


194  EYE  WATEH. 


EYE  WATER. 


Take  40  grains  sulpliate  of  zinc  to  ^  pint  of 
warm  soft  water,  sTiake  until  well  dissolved  and 
cork  up  tightly.  In  using  pour  out  about  1 
tea  spoonful  into  a  cup  and  bathe  the  eyes  with 
it.  Never  use  by  dipping  your  finger  into  the 
bottle,  but  pour  a  small  quantity  out  into  a  ves- 
sel of  some  kind.  This  is  the  best  eye  water 
yet  introduced  and  will  be  certain  to  relieve  the 
inflamed  eye.  Try  it  and  its  efficacy  will  soon 
be  manifested.  Always  bathe  the  eye  of  an 
evening,  just  before  going  to  bed — if  it  is  used 
during  the  day  you  should  keep  out  of  the  air. 
If  too  strong  add  a  little  water.  The  cost  of 
this  preparation  is  but  6J  cents,  and  cannot  be 
surpassed. 


ESSE^S^^E  OF  CINNAMON. 

Take  1  pint  of  alcohol,  ^  ounce  of  oil  of  cin- 
namon, color  with  the  tincture  of  red  sanders, 
and  mix  as  above.  This  is  excellent  in  diarrhoea, 
summer  complaints  or  looseness  of  the  bowels. 


CERTAIN  CURE  FOR  "FELON.  IgS 


CERTAIN  CURE  FOR  FELOlSr. 

We  liave  known  instances  of  the  ifiost  intense 
suffering,  neither  rest  by  day  or  sleep  at  niglit, 
in  which  this  process  has  effected  cures.  As  soon 
as  it  becomes  apparent  that  a  felon  is  making  its 
appearance,  which  is  known  by  a  constant  sore-: 
ness  and  i^ain  proceeding  from  the  bone^  take  a 
strong  cord  of  any  kind  and  wrap  it  about  the 
afflicted  part,  as  tightly  as  can  be  borne;  keep 
it  in  this  condition  until  the  pain  can  be  endured 
no  longer.  Now  loose  the  cords  and  soon  as  the 
pain,  caused  by  the  cording  subsides,  tighten  it 
again.  Continue  this  for  several  days  or  until^ 
the  felon  is  complete^  blackened  and  killed. — 
We  have  known  several  persons  who  have  been 
afflicted  with  felons  to  try  this  remedy  with 
success — in  fact  we  have  never  known  it  to  fail. 
The  cording  stops  the  circulation  and  then  the 
sore  has  nothing  to  feed  upon,  when  it  soon  dies 
of  starvation.  We  have  faith  in  this  remed}^, 
even  after  a  felon  has  made  considerable  pro- 
gress.   If  the  felon  has  commenced  at  the  bone 


196  CURE   FOR   BRONCHITIS. 

tHe  sooner  you  have  it  cut  the  better;  there  is  no 
application  that  will  burst  or  open  the  skin  that 
is' next  to  the  bone,  it  should  be  cut  if  the  above 
remedy  fails. — Clipper. 


CUEE  FOB  BKONCHITIS. 

Croton  oil  it  is  said  will  entirely  remove  this 
complaint.  A  minister  of  the  gospel  who  had 
been  laid  aside  from  his  pastoral  office  by  the 
bronchitisj  for  three  years,  has  entirely  recovered 
his  voice  by  the  application  of  croton' oil  to  the 
surface  of  the  throat,  against  the  organ  affected, 
one  drop  daily  rubbed  over  the  surface  produced 
a  singular  but  powerful  eruption  of  the  skin, 
which  as  it  progressed  restored  his  voice  to  its 
full  tone  and  vigor. 


RECEIPT  FOR   HOGS.  19Y 


RECEIPT  FOR  HOGS. 

That  have  lost  their  appetite.  Put  urine  in 
the  slop,  or  when  you  can  conveniently,  urinate 
in  the  trough  as  you  pass  along.  This  is  excel- 
lent, hut  a  small  quantity  of  ashes  put  in  their 
slop  cannot  he  surpassed  for  restoring  the  appe- 
tite, and  also  very  good  for  the  kidneys,  worms, 
&c.  Give  it  a  trial  and  he  convinced  of  its  effi- 
cacy. 


GREASE  FOR  CARRIAGES,  &c. 

Take  1  pound  of  heeswax.  ^  pint  of  lamp 
Hack,  mix  well  while  hot.  and  when  cooling  off, 
add  oil  until  it  hecomes  of  a  proper  consistency. 
In  the  winter  season  add  more  oil.  This  makes 
a  lasting  grease,  which  cannot  he  surpassed  for 
carriages,  &c. 


198  FOR   PLAGUE  BLISTER. 


FOE  PLAGUE  BLISTER. 

Take  sassafras  leaves  and  dip  tliem  in  warm 
water,  then  take  castile  soap  and  make  a  thick 
lather,  and  apply  with  a  soft  hrush  as  far  as  the 
sore  or  inflammation  extends,  then  apply  the 
sassafras  leaves,  warm  3  or  4  thick,  tie  'it  up 
loosely,  renew  every  8  hours.  This  cannot  be 
surpassed  for  inflammation  of  this  nature.  Give 
it  a  trial  and  its  efiects  will  soon  be  felt.  Use 
none  but  castile  soap. 

The  following  certiiicate  attests  the  value  of 
this  simple  cure: — 

MiDDLETOWN  Frederick  Co.,  Md.  \ 
June  5th,  1852./ 
To  all  whom  it  may  concern,  greeting: — 

I  hereby  certify,  that  some  time  in  March,  184Y,  my  wife  "was 
afflicted  with  a  pain  and  swelling  in  her  arm,  which  proved  ex- 
tremely painful,  and  appeared  to  be  contracting  the  arm,  leav- 
ing a  red  or  purple  streak  as  far  as  the  swelling  extended.  As 
some  three  or  four  of  my  children  were  then  lying  sick  with  scar- 
let fever,  also  a  negro  girl,  several  physicians  were  sent  for  to 
attend  them,  who  were  consulted  in  relation  to  my  wife.  Some 
pronounced  it  the  hysterics,  others  attempted  to  effect  a  cure, 
but  all  in  vain;  at  length  it  was  pronounced  a  pest  or  plague 
blister  and  very  dangerous.  The  person  who  informed  me  what 
it  was,  recommended  me  to  Mr.  J.  D.  Koogle  for  a  cure.  Mr. 
Koogle  came  aad  applied  poultices,  which  in  an  hour  or  two 


FOR   PLAGUE   BLISTER.  199 

after  the  first  application  relieved  her  so  much  as  to  enaJble  her 
to  sleef  J  which  she  had  not  done  for  ten  or  twelve  days.  Pre- 
vious to  this  the  physicians  recommended  every  thing  that  had 
a  tendency  to  induce  sleep  without  avail.  Nothing  could  ease 
her  pain  so  as  to  enable  her  to  sleep.  She  continued  the  poul- 
tices recommended  by  Mr.  Koogle  until  finally  relieved,  though 
they  left  the  hand  and  part  of  the  arm  perfectly  hollow — noth- 
ing but  skin,  bone  and  sinew — yet  the  parts  are  now  entirely 
healed  and  as  full  as  usual,  without  any  other  application. 

Yours,  &c. 
JACOB  T.  C.  MILLER. 


EECEIPT  FOR  HUMORS  OR  BREAKma 
OUT  ON  CHILDREN. 

Take  wheat  flotir  and  put  into  a  hot  stove 
roast  it  to  a  brown  color,  stir  and  mix  it  while 
browning.  In  using  sprinkle  on  the  sore — it 
scarcely  ever  fails  to  heal  after  all  other  reme- 
dies have  failed.  ■  The  sores  should  not  be  dried 
up  too  suddenly,  and  particularly  when  it  is  a 
general  breaking  out  over  the  face,  hands,  &c. 


200     CURE  FOR  THE  BITE  OF  A  SNAKE. 

CERTAIN  CURE  FOR  BITE  OF  A  SKAKE. 

Drink  as  much  whiskey  as  you  can.  It  will 
do  no  harm  and  is  a  certain  cure — use  it  imme- 
diately after  the  bite. 


CURE  FOR  THE  BITE  OF  A  MAD  DOG. 

Take  of  elecampane  root  1 J  ounces,  cut  it  fine 
or  pulverize  if  you  can,  then  boil  it  in  one  pint 
of  new  milk  down  to  a  quarter  of  a  pint.  Take 
this  in  the  morning  fasting,  and  eat  no  food  till 
4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  It  should  be  taken 
every  other  morning — the  tv/o  last  doses  must 
weigh  2  ounces  each.  This  may  be  used  several 
.  times  a  day. 


CLAY  POULTICE  FOR  MAN  OR  HORSE 

Take  of  yellow  clay  any  quantity,  and  add 
vinegar  enough  to  form  a  poultice,  apply  it  cold. 
To  a  sprained  joint  it  gives  very  speedy  relief, 
often  cures  in  one  night.  This  cannot  be  sur- 
passed for  a  fresh  sprain  on  horses. 


DOMESTIC   TONIC.  201 

DOMESTIC  TONIC. 

Yellow  poplar  bark,  dogwood  bark,  wild 
cherry  bark,  1  ounce  of  each;  pulverize  fine,  and 
add  to  them  1  quart  of  whiskey,  shake  the  bot- 
tle and  let  it  stand  one  week.  A  table  spoonful 
in  water  three  times  a  day  is  a  dose  in  cases  of 
debility  after  fevers. 


OINTMENT  FOR  SCROFULUS  ULCERS. 

Take  of  basilicon  ointment  1  ounce,  venico 
turpentine  ^  oz,.  pulverized  verdigris  2  drachms, 
beef  gall  ^  ounce,  mix  them  perfectly  over  a 
slow  fire.  Dress  the  sores  twice  a  day — do  not 
wet  them  but  wipe  them  clean  with  a  soft  rag. 


GREEN  OINTMENT. 

Take  basilicon  ointment  J  pound,  finely  pul- 
vized  verdigris  -J  ounce ;  melt  the  basilicon 
slowly  and  add  the  verdigris,  stirring  until  it 
is  well  mixed.  This  is  a  good  dressing  for  old 
sores  and  ring  worms  on  the  head  or  face. 


202  TINCTUEE   OF   PEACH    KERNELS. 


TINCUTRE  OF  PEACH  KERNELS. 

Take  |  pint  of  peach  kernels,  bruise  the  and 
add  one  quart  of  whiskey.  Take  a  table  spoon- 
ful three  times  a  day.  This  often  cures  gravel 
in  the  form  of  sand  or  fine  gravel  in  the  blad- 
der. We  have  known  the  patient  to  pass  off 
gravel  in  large  quantities  while  using  this  rem- 
edy. 


FOR  TRANSPLANTma  TREES. 

That  are  flagging  or  drooping,  or  looking  as 
if  they  were  going  to  say  good  bye.  First  re- 
duce the  top  litter,  or  if  needed  a  good  deal,  it 
may  be  that  there  is  more  top  to  exhaust  than 
root  to  supply;  then  loosen  the  soil  and  water 
if  dry,  and  lastly  mulch  the  ground  as  far  as 
the  roots  extend.  This  you  may  do  by  covering 
it  with  three  or  four  inches  of  straw.  Litter 
tan  bark  or  something  of  that  sort  to  keep  the 
roots  cool  and  moist,  so  as  to  cause  them  into 


HOW   TO   KEEP   APPLES.  203 

new  growth.  Watering  a  transplanted  tree 
every  day,  letting  the  surface  dry  hard  with  the 
sun  and  wind,  is  too  much  like  basting  a  joint 
of  meat  before  the  kitchen  fire  to  be  looked  upon 
as  decent  treatment,  for  any  thing  living  when 
you  water  do  it  after  the  sun  sets.  If  you  find 
your  fruit  trees  barren  from  too  great  running 
to  wood_,  (about  the  first  of  June  is  the  time) 
clip  or  pinch  off  the  ends  of  the  side  shoots,  so 
as  to  expend  its  substance  in  making  buds  in- 
stead of  wasting  all  the  sap  in  over  growth. 


HOW  TO  KEEP  APPLES, 


Spread  on  the  floor  oats  to  thTOepth  of  about 
two  inches;  the  oats  should  be  good  and  prop- 
erly cured,  and  then  place  your  apples  side  by 
side  on  the  oats  until  they  are  covered  over  with 
them.  Then  cover  your  apples  again,  and  con- 
tinue laying  a  course  of  apples  and  oats  until 
you  have  finished  your  crop.  If  they  are  prop- 
erly put  up  they  will  keep  better  in  this  way 
than  any  other  way.  Farmer  try  it  and  con- 
vince yourself. 


iOi 


do:mestic  yeast. 


DOMESTIC  YEAST. 

Boil  1  pound  of  good  flour,  J  pound  of  brown 
sugar  and  a  little  salt  with  two  gallons  of  water 
for  one  hour.  When  milk  warm  bottle  it  and 
cork  close;  it  will  be  fit  for  use  in  24  hours;  1 
pound  yeast  will  make  18  pounds  of  bread. 


COMPOST    TO   PREVENT    CROWS   AND 
INSECTS  FROM  TAKING   CORN. 

Take  from  1  to  2  pounds  sulphor  brimstone 
mixed  with  plaster  and  ashes,  and  a  handful 
scattered  on  to  the  corn  as  it  peeps  out  of  the 
ground  will  be  sufficient  to  protect  an  acre  from 
their  ravages.  Brimstone  is  a  good  manure  on 
all  soil  that  does  not  abound  in  it. 


How  TO  DESTROY  LICE  OR  VERMIN.  205 

HOW   TO  DESTROY   LICE    OR  VERMIN 

ON  CHICKENS. 

t 
Place  among  tlie  sa,nd  and  dust  that  tlie  hens 

nnst  themselves  in  J  pound  black  sulphor  and 
also  sprinkle  some  lime  in  and  mix.  This  will 
keep  them  off  and  give  them  a  glossy  appear- 
ance. If  infested  with  these  insects  dampen  the 
skin  under  the  feathers  with  a  little  water,  then 
sprinkle  a  little  black  sulphor  on  the  skin,  and 
in  12  hours  they  will  all  disappear.  Also,  pre- 
vious to  setting  a  hen,  if  the  nest  be  slightly 
sprinkled  with  the  sulphor  there,  is  no  danger 
of  the  hen  becoming  annoyed  hj^^tmr. 


WORTH  KNOWING. 

One  ix>und  of  green  coperas,  costing  6  cents, 
dissolved  in  1  quart  of  water,  and  poured  down 
a  privey,  will  effectually  destroy  tli€  foulest 
smells;  for  water  closets  aboard  ships  and  steam- 
boats, or  for  rats,  mice,  &c.,  keep  it  dissolved 


206  WORTH  Kxowixa. 

near  the  place  and  in  a  few  days  it  will  all  dis- 
ajDpear.  About  hotels  and  other  pnhlic  places, 
there  is  nothing  so  nice  to  cleanse  places  as  sim- 
ple green  coperas  dissolved  under  the  hed  in  any 
thing  that  will  hold  water,  and  thus  render  a 
hospital  and  other  places  for  the  sick  free  from 
unpleasant  smells.  For  butchers*  stalls,  fish 
markets,  slaughter  houses,  sinks  and  wherever 
there  are  offensive  and  putrid  gasses,  dissolve 
coperas  and  sprinkle  it  about,  and  in  a  few  days 
the  smell  will  pass  away.  -f 


^« 


%' 


P' 


INFORMATION  HOW 
TO  TREAT  DANGEROUS  DISEASES. 

There  are  several  diseases  which  are  very 
dangerous  and  run  their  course  in  a  very  short 
time,  and  prove  fatal  if  they  are  not  properly 
treated  or  arrested  hefore  they  become  firmly 
seated.  I  would  here  urge  upon  every  owner  ' 
of  horses,  (and  in  fact  every  disease  whicl^JJais 
work  treats  on,)  to  pay  strict  ytoi^n  to  it. 
In  many  diseases,  what  you  call^^Hnm  be  done 
at  once  or  not  at  all — the  old  ssmng  is  'a  stitch 
in  time  saves  nine,'  and  there  is  a  great  deal 
of  truth  in  thi^,  in  many  diseases, 

I  would  here  urge  upon  you  the  importance 
of  glystering  in  certain  diseases.  In  the  Wind 
Colic  and  also  in  the  Spasmodic  Colic,  as  soon 
as  you  ascertain  what  the  disease  is  and  not  be- 
fore. The  truth  of  the  matter  is  that  no  man 
has  any  right  to  give  any  medicine  until  he  is 
certain  what  the  disease  is.     Give  the  medicine 


208  APPENDIX. 

and  course  of  treatment  prescribed  in  the  disease 
then  quickly  follow  with  injections.  If  you 
have  neglected  to  prepare  yourself  for  glyster- 
ing,  back-rake  with  your  hand — this  is  done  by 
greasing  the  hand  and  arm  with  lard  or.  oil  and 
introduce  it  as  far  as  you  can.  The  glystering 
or  back-raking  never  does  any  hg,rm  but  always 
assists  in  relieving.  Every  owner  of  horses 
should  prepare  himself  w^ith  several  large  beef 
or  hog  bladders,  a  few  elders  with  the  pith 
punched  or  burnt  out,  and  by  so  doing  you  are 
prepared  at  any  time  to  give  an  injection.  This 
may  be  done  by  cutting  a  notch  around  the  one 
end  olf  ^i^jg^r,  then  fill  your  bladder  with 
soap  sudsoW^noxt  tie  the  bladder  on  the  end 
of  the  elder  you  have  notched,  firmly,  and  in- 
troduce the  elder  into  the  fundament,  and  then 
you  can  force  the  suds  into  the  fundament  easily 
by  pressing  on  the  bladder.  You  should  in  all 
cases  where  there  is  great  danger  of  loosing  your 
horse,  give  injections  and  continue  to  repeat 
them  until  they  operate.  There  are  many 
cases  in  colics  that  the  horse  is  bound  or  corked, 
this  can  be  perceived  by  the  horse  trying  fre- 
quently or  straining    to  dung ;  when  this  does 


APPEXDIX.  209 

occur  it  is  very  dangerous  and  you  must  in  these 
cases  give  large  doses  of  aloes  and  glyster  free- 
ly, repeating  until  you  get  it  to  operate.  If 
you  fail  to  get  an  operation  you  will  loose  your 
horse.  Preparation  for  glystering:  Take  warm 
water  and  make  a  suds  with  soap^  add  thereto 
ep^om  salts,  and  in  some  cases  you  may  add  J 
oz.  aloes.  Fish  oil  is  a  very  good  article  of  it- 
self; from  a  pint  to  a  quart  for  one  injection. 
I  have  known  1  pint  of  fish  oil  to  he  given  as  a 
drencli  in  colic,  and  has  relieved  where  all  other 
remedies  have  failed. 

I  will  here  state  that  there  are  more  horses 
killed  by  medicine  improperly  .^^n  than  ever 
was  cured.  For  this  reason,  the^|7eat majority 
of  owners  of  horses  and  in  fact  a  great  many 
farriers  who  pretend  to  know,  do  not  know 
what  the  disease  is,  and  next  is  a  dose  of  medi- 
cine and  perhaps  in  less  than  half  an  hour  the 
horse  drops  down  dead,  and  why,  because  in 
many  cases  the  medicine  giv^en  for  the  disease, 
is  the  dose  that  poisons  or  killsjiim,  from  the 
fact  that  he  was  mistaken  in  the  disease,  or 
given  medicine  for  one  disease  when  it  was 
another.  Therefore,  I  here  again  assert  that 
14 


210  APPEXDIX. 

no  man  lias  au}'  right  to  give  medicine  until  he 
ffllj  ascertains  what  the  disease  is.  This  he 
can  easily  get  at  if  he  will  pay  some  attention 
to  the  symptoms  which  are  so  plainly  descrihed 
in  this  work.  As  soon  as  your  horse  commences 
to  complain,  watch  him  closely  and  you  will 
find  him  to  point  out  to  you  plainly  what  the 
disease  is,  and  you  will  find  the  horse  to  point 
it  out  to  a  hair's  hreadth  as  I  have  described  it 
to  you. 

Why  is  it  that  men  will  toil  and  labor  hard 
through  the  summer's  heat,  and  expose  them- 
selves to  the  extreme  cold  in  winter,  and  at  the 
end  of  the  y^r  perhaps,  will  lose  more  in  horse 
flesh  than  they  have  made.  Millions  of  dollars 
are  lost  yearly  in  horses  and  a  great  part  of  it 
ibr  the  want  of  carefulness  and  paying  some  at- 
tention to  the  diseases  of  the  horse,  which  costs 
no  man  any  hard  labor  or  exposure.  Let  me 
urge  upon  you  the  importance  of  reading  this 
work  over  again  and  again,  paying  attention  to 
it  as  you  peruse  it  over,  and  you  will  find  it 
gives  you  such  information  as  each  and  every 
person  should  have  for  his  own  interest.  I  will 
here  state  that  an  ounce  of  preventative  is  a 


APPENDIX.  211 

great  deal  better  tlian  a  pound  of  cure.  Many 
diseases  might  be  prevented  by  being  cautious 
in  their  treatment  'to  horses  and  keeping  them 
in-  a  healthy  condition.  This  shoukl  be  done 
by  using  the  celebrated  horse  powders  on  page 
60 J  twice  a  year^  fall  and  spring.  Say  you  feed 
from  1  to  1 J  pounds  to  each  horse,  each  time, 
fall  and  spring.  If  you.  adopt  this  once  you 
will  never  depart  from  it  afterward,  as  you  will 
find  it  to  be  a  preventative  of  diseases  and  will 
find  so  much  improvement  in  your  stock  tliat 
you  will  not  depart  from  it.  Every  man  that 
has  a  horse  should  habit  himself  to  sprinkle  a 
little  salt  on  the  feed  every  time  he  feeds  his 
horse.  The  salt  is  nourishing  and  is  just  as 
much  needed  in  the  horse's  food  every  meal  as 
it  is  needed  on  the  food  that  a  man  eats. 

The  Inflammation  of  the  Lungs  is  another 
dangerous  disease.  It  is  becoming  to  be  a  com- 
mon disease  among  horses,  and  carries  off  its 
thousands,  simply  because  it  is  at  first  a  sneak- 
ing disease;  the  farmer  and  owner  thinks  very 
little  of  it  when  it  first  makes  its  appearance, 
and  the  truth  is  there  are  very  few  persons  who 
know  anything  about  the  disease,  and  if  it  is  suf- 


f 


212  ■  APPENDIX. 

fered  to  run  over  the  tliird  day,  you  might  as 
well  take  the  horse  out  where  you  want  him  to 
die ;  yet,  with  all  its  danger  and  certainty  of 
death  if  neglected,  there  is  not  a  disease  which 
is  plainer  in  its  symptoms  or  is  pointed  out 
plainer  by  the  horse  than  in  this  disease.  It  is 
impossible  to  be  mistaken  in  this  disease  if  you 
but  pay  the  least  attention  to  it,  and  is  easily 
conquered  if  taken  in  time.  In  this  disease  the 
foxglove,  tartar  emetic  and  nitre  should  be  used 
twice  or  thrice  a  day,  as  directed  in  Inflamma- 
tion of  the  Lungs. 

Bots  is  another  wliicli  is  very  dangerous  when 
tliey  take  hold.  Feed  the  Celebrated  Horse 
Powders,  as  directed  and  use  plenty  of  salt  and 
you  will  not  have  one  case  in  a  thousand  of 
Bots. 

If  you  want  the  best  Lotion  in  the  world  for 
fresh  or  old  wounds  on  horses,  turn  to  page  ^0, 
there  you  will  find  it.  Tincture  of  Aloes  and 
Myhr;  if  you  want  to  cure  the  Ringbone  or  Spa- 
vin, turn  to  page  *7l,  and  you  will  find  it;  if 
you  want  to  cure  the  Blood  or  Bog  Spavin,  turn 
to  page  68;  if  you  want  a  Lotion  for  to  cure  the 
Scratches  in  a  few  days,  turn  to  page  C4;  if  you 


APPENDIX.  213 

want  a  Lotion  for  Sprains,  Bruises,  Swellings, 
&c.,  turn  to  page  63;  if  you  want  a  certain 
remedy  for  Sweaney,  turn  to  page  74;  if  you 
Vv^ant  to  see  the  List  of  Medicines  used  in  the 
diseases  of  horses,  you  will  find  them  from  pages 
93  to  108^  giving  their  medical  properties  and 
uses. 

,  I  will  here  name  a"  few  Domestic  Medicines, 
Keceipts,  •&c.,  and  would  urge  every  .person  and 
family  to  make  use  of  them  and  keep  them  on 
hand,  as  they  have  proven  to  he  very  valuahle 
and  will  do  what  they  are  recommended  to  do. 
Dr.  Wickey's  Cholera  Medicine  cannot  be  sur- 
passed for  cholera,  cholera  morbus,  diarrhoea, 
summer  complaint,  looseness  of  the  bowels,  sick- 
ness of  the  stomach,  cramp  colic,  flux,  &c.  This 
Medicine  is  easily  prepared"  and  will  keep  for 
many  years  if  made  out  of  good  brandy.  There 
is  not  any  Medicine  now  in  use  that  will  give 
the  same  amount  of  satisfaction  as  this,  and  it 
is  perfectly  safe  and  harmless,  as  it  is  purely 
vegetable,  see  page  148. 

Prof.  Biddle's  preparation  for  the  hair  and 
head  will  positively  cure  the  tetter  or  any  itch- 
ing or  humor  of  the  skin,  will  prevent  the  hair 


214  APPENDIX. 

from  fiilling  off,  and  has  restored  more  liair  tlian 
any  other  hair  restorative  ever  introduced,  see 
page  11 4:. 

If  you  want  sweet  cider  the  year  round,  turn 
to  page  165  and  follow  directions,  and  you  will 
have  it;  if  you  want  honey  without  bees,  turn 
to  page  161  and  you  can  have  it;  if  you  have 
the  rheumatism  and  want  to  he  cured,  turn  ta 
pages  152,  153,  154  and  155;  if  you  want  a  lin- 
iment that  cannot  he  surpassed  and  is  easily 
made,  turn  to  page  157  and  you  will  see  how  to 
make  it.  You  should  add  double  the  quantity 
of  laudanum  and  use  the  spirits  of*  saltpetre — 
which  is  made  by  pouring  alcohol  over  the  salt- 
petre, the  same  as  the  camphor. 

If  you  want  to  read  an  interesting  subject, 
turn  to  page  131  and  read  the  whole  subject 
and  you  will  have  it  in  truth;  if  you  want  the 
best  medicine  in  the  world  for  colic,  turn  to 
pages  128  and  129.  I  will  here  state  that  the 
Pipsissiway  is  the  best  for  colic,  it  has  a  whit- 
ish stripe  running  through  the  centre  of  the 
leaf.  The  Wintergreen  has  not  this  whitish 
gtripe  through  the  centre;  both  of  them  keep 
green  the  year  round.     The  Wintergreen  is  con- 


APPENDIX.    •  215 

sidered  very  excellent  for  colds  and  coughs,  it 
is  used  as  a  tea  for  couglis.  If  you  want  an  eye 
Avater  that  will  relieve  inflamed  eyes,  turn  to 
page  194;  tliis  is  truly  valuable  and  is  a  harm- 
less application,  yet  easily  made^  costing  but 
6|-  cents. 

I  have  here  named  some  of  the  leading  arti- 
cles, which  will  prove  to  be  very  valuable  to  all 
that  have  occasion  to  make  use  of  them.  Try 
them  and  you  will  be  convinced. 


SCAELET    FEYEK. 

I  will  here  give  to  the  reader  the  symptoms 
of  Scarlet  Fever.  This  disease  has  slain  its 
tliousands  where  the  monster  disease,  Cholera 
has  slain  its  hundreds,  and  it  becomes  every 
parent  to  feel  it  his  duty  to  be  careful  when  the 
disease  is  in  the  neighborhood.  It  is  evm^t 
that  the  disease  is  contageous,  in  this  fom^t 
can  be  taken  by  inhaling  the  breath  from  one 
that  has  it,  and  it  is  satisfactorily  proven  that 
it  can  be  carried  in  woollen  goods  from  one  fam- 
ily to  another. 


216  APPEisDix. 

Symptoms — Tins  disease  commences  witli  cliil- 
liness,  dullness  of  the  head  and  prostration  of 
strength,  according  to  the  violence  of  the  attack. 
There  is  sometimes  nausea  and  vomiting,  and 
the  surface  soon  becomes  florid  and  hot. 

The  throat  is  generally  inflamed  and  the 
same  appearance  extends  to  the  tongue,  which 
is  sometimes  of  a  very  deep  scarlet,  tinged  with 
blue.  If  the  symptoms  are  increased,  it  is  called 
Scarlet  Fever  in  a  malignant  form,  the  symp- 
toms are  very  violent  and  the  patient  becomes 
pale  and  faint,  the  heart  palpitates,  the  Fever 
continues  to  rise  higher  and  higher,  there  is 
great  danger. 

The  pulse  now  rises  to  one  hundred  and  fif- 
teen or  twenty  strokes  in  a  minute.  The  pulse 
and  the  eruption  will  give  the  form  and  charac- 
ter of  the  disease.  The  eruption  generally  com- 
mences with  red  patches,  which  spread  and 
unite  till  they  cover  the  whole  body.  The 
erufjition  appears  first  on  the  face  and  neck, 
then  on  the  legs,  and  the  redness  is  greatest 
about  the  loins  and  bending  of  the  joints,  and 
on  the  hands  and  ends  of  the  fingers.  There  is 
however  not  a  perfect  regularity  in  the  erup- 


* 


APPENDIX.  217 

tion  of  Scarlet  Fever,  either  in  appearance  or 
duration.  In  ordinary  cases  the  eruption  re- 
mains ou^  ahout  four  days,  when  the  grain  of 
the  skin  begins  to  peel  off  and  in  a  few  days 
more  it  disappears.  As  the  disease  progresses, 
the  tonsils  becomes  specked  with  ash  colored 
spots  and  Ulceration  follows.  In  favorable 
cases  their  slugs  come  off  in  eight  or  ten  days. 
If  the  Patient  does  not  die  b}^  the  ninth  day, 
he  will  generally  get  well  under  proper  man- 
agement, though  it  may  be  three  "weeks,  in 
some  cases  before  he  recovers.  AYhen  this  dis- 
ease terminates  favorably,  all  the  symptoms 
generally  yiekl,  beginning  about  the  fourth  day 
after  the  eruption  appears.  The  patient  is 
more  liable  to  relapse  in  this  disease  than  any 
other,  and  caution  shoukl  be  used  to  prevent 
a  relapse.  Parents  would  do  w^ell  to  watch  its 
first  appearance  and  keep  their  children  from 
its  influence  as  much  as  possible  ilsing  prevent- 
atives, such  as  keeping  a  tar  plaster  around  the 
neck,  keeping  gum  camphor,  a  little  asafoetida 

and  a  small  piece  of  garlic  around   the 

this  should  be  put  into  a  small  muslin  bag  and 
hung  around  the  neck.     Let   the  children  eat 


218  '  APPENDIX. 

small  pieces  of  garlic  during  tlie  day.  These 
are  considered  preventatives  by  tlie  Medical 
Faculty. 

Treatment — G-ive  mild  purgatives,  such  as 
Oil,  to  keep  the  bowels  open.  Drink  plentifully 
of  balm  tea,  if  this  cannot  be  had,  use  Sage, 
Hysop,  Saifron  Blossom,  or  Dittany.  This 
will  bring  out  the  eruption  and  keep  it  out  full. 
If  this  can  be  accomplished,  the  danger  will  be 
very  much  lessened.  This  fact  should  be  kept 
in  view  in  all  eruptive  diseases.  Keep  a  Tar 
Plaster  around  the  neck;  add  to  the  tar  a  small 
portion  of  Spirits  of  Turpentine,  keep  this  on 
for  some  time,  renewing,  adding  turpentine 
enough  to  cause  the  skin  to  red.  If  the  pa- 
tient be  not  very  careful  when  he  gets  out,  he 
will  take  cold,  and  the  glands  of  the  neck  will 
sv/ell  and  supperate  and  the  ear  will  run,  and 
if  great  attention  be  not  paid,  deafness  will 
probably  be  the  result. 

They  must  be  kept  clean  and  Laudanum  and 
Sweet  Oil  put  into  them  every  day  till  they  get 
well. 


APPENDIX.  219 

6  EEASONS  FOR  PLANTING  an  OECHARD. 

First,  would  you  leave  an  inheritance  to  your 
children,  plant  an  orchard.  No  other  invest- 
ment of  money  and  labor  will  in  the  long  run 
pay  so  well.  Second,  would  you  make  home 
pleasant,  the  abode  of  the  social  virtues,  plant 
an  orchard.  Nothing  better  promotes  among 
neighbors  a  feeling  of  kindness  and  good  will, 
than  a  treat  of  good  fruit  often  repeated. 

Third,  Would  you  remove  from  your  child- 
ren the  strongest  temptation  to  steal,  plant  an 
orchard.  If  children  cannot  obtain  fruit  at 
home,  they  are  very  apt  to  steal  it,  and  when^ 
they  have  learned  to  steal  fruit,  they  are  in  a 
fair  way  to  steal  horses,  &c. 

Fourth,  AVould  you  cultivate  a  constant  feel- 
ing of  thankfulness  towards  the  Giver  of  all 
good,  plant  an  orchard.  By  having  constantly 
before  you  one  of  the  greatest  blessings  given  to 
men,  you  must  be  hardened  indeed  if  you  are 
not  influenced  by  a  spirit  of  humility  and  thank- 
fulness. 

Fifth,  Would  you  have  your  children  love 
their  home,  respect  their  parents  while  living 
and  venerate  their  memory  when  dead,  in  all 
their  wanderings,  look  back  upon  the  home  of 


220  APPEXDIX. 

Youtli  as  a  sacred  spot,  as  oasis  in  tlio  great 
wilderness  of  the  world,  then  plant  an  orchard. 
Sixth,  In  short,  if  3^011  wish  to  avail  yoniself 
of  the  blessings  of  a  bountiful  Providence,  which 
are  within  your  reach,  you  must  plant  an  or- 
chard. And  when  you  do  it,  see  that  you  plant 
good  fruit,  don't  plant  Crab  Apple  Trees,  nor 
Wild  Plums,  nor  Indian  Peaches,  the  best  are 
the  cheaj^est.  Seriously,  we  have  often  wonder- 
ed why  our  farmers  did  not  devote  more  atten- 
tion to  the  cultivation  of  fruit ;  it  certainly 
would  prove  profitable  and  joleasant.  An  or- 
chard of  an  acre  or  so  of  choice  fruit,  i)roperly 
taken  care  of  could  not  be  the  least  profitable 
portion  of  a  farm.  Upwards  of  a  hundred 
bushels  of  fruit  can  be  gathered  annually,  and 
without  much  trouble  from  merely  a  small  gar- 
den patch.  One  great  point  to  commence  with 
is  to  procure  good  sorts,  for  it  requires  no  more 
labor  to  attend  a  tree  that  will  bear  apples 
worth  seventy-five  cents  and  a  dollar  a  bushel 
than  one  producing  those  not  worth  more  than 
two  shillings.  Let  our  farmers  think  of  these 
things.  But,  the  inquiry  .is  frequently  made 
how  shall  we  manage  our  trees,  to  j)roduce  fine 
flavored  fruit  in  a  short  time. 


APPENDIX.  221 

Firstj  select  good,  ricli  soil,  sucli  as  will  pro- 
duce 70  bush,  indian  corn  per  acre,  if  not  such 
it  should  be  made  such  by  manuring.  You  can- 
not expect  a  tree  to  flourish  and  produce  good 
fruit  when  there  is  no  strength  or  food  to  sup- 
ply it  with  proper  nourishment.  It  is  too  much 
like  building  a  house  without  a  foundation,  or 
sitting  down  to  dine  at  an  empty  dish,  there 
being  nothing  to  support  the  growth  of  the  tree, 
no  food  to  supply  it  -with  proper  nourishment^, 
finally,  it  dies  fo;:  the  want  of  nourishment,  if 
not,  the  fruit  which  it  bears,  if  any,  is  small 
and  knotty,  having  scarcely  any  taste  or  flavor. 
If  you  want  nice,  large,  fine  flavored  fruit,  pre- 
pare your  soil  before  planting  your  trees  and 
keep  it  prepared  by  manuring  occasionally.  It 
is  unreasonable  to  expect  to  raise  fruit  from  a 
tree  when  it  is  half  or  three  quarters  starved 
out,  all  for  the  want  of  iiourishment.  You  may 
here  make  inquiry  how  to  prepare  your  soil. 
This  may  be  done  by  putting  a  heavy  dressing 
of  manure  on  it,,  then  obtain  sufficient  depth  of 
soil,  so  as  to  enable  the  roots  to  extend  them- 
selves freely  and  hold  moisture  without  dying 
out  in  protracted  drought.  This  may  be  done 
with   a    common   ploA^,  letting   it  run  8  or  10 


222  APPENDIX. 

inclies  deep,  then  by  means  of  a  good  subsoil  plow, 
running  it  in  the  same  furrow,  you  will  obtain 
a  depth  of  15  or  18  inches.  This  process  should 
be  continued  until  you  have  all  plowed  that 
depth.  When  you  have  this  accomplished,  run 
your  harrow  over  several  times  leveling  and 
pulverizing  it  finely.  When  you  have  all  this 
completed  your  soil  will  be  prepared  for  plant- 
ing your  trees.  If  you  cannot  possibly  prepare 
your  soil  in  this  way^  you  should  by  all  means 
dig  very  large  holes,  say  sfx  or  eight  fefet  in  di- 
ameter and  a  foot  and  a  half  deep,  working  the 
manure  through  the  soil  as  you  dig  it  up.  This 
may  seem  to  the  farmer  as  requiring  too  much 
labor,  but  will  richly  pay  him  for  it  in  the 
end.  Plant  your  trees  in  this  soil  firmly, 
leaving  the  soil  a  little  lower  about  the  body 
of  the  tree,  so  as  it  may  hold  the  water,  if  fill- 
ed up  about  the  level  of  the  soil,  the  water 
will  run  away  from  the  roots  and  your,  tree 
may  die  for  the  want  of  moisture.  Every 
tree  should  have  a  stake  driven  in  the  ground 
to  fasten  or  stay  the  tree,  so  as  to  prevent  the 
storms  from  bending  and  switching  it  about. 
If  this  is  not  done  your  trees  will  be  injured, 


APPENDIX.  *  223 

and  will  not  thrive.  There  are  a  great  many 
farmers  complaining  that  they  cannot  raise  any 
fruit.  Truly,  how  can  they  expect  to  raise  fruit 
when  they  will  crowd  their  trees  into  small 
holes,  and  the  soil  so  hard  that  you  can  scarcely 
drive  a  stake  into  it  with  a  sledge,  and  ahove 
all  the  land  starved  out,  the  grass  and  weeds 
suffered  to  grow  up  at  such  a  rate  that  you  are 
not  ahle  to  see  the  body  of  the  tree.  Young 
trees  should  he  nursed  and  cultivated,  keeping 
the  soil  mellow  hy  repeated  stiri-ing  and  pre- 
venting the  growth  of  any  vegtahle  for  several 
feet  from  the  tree.  A  hoed  crop  is  next  best  to 
clear  mellow  ground.  A  sowed  crop,  grass  or 
weeds  is  ruinous  to  young  trees.  After  you 
have  your  tress  well  set',  you  should  by  all 
means  wash  them  down  once  or  twice  a  year 
with  soap  and  water .  Say  about  one  quart  of 
soap  to  two  quarts  of  water — wash  from  the 
large  branches  to  the  bottom — this  v/ill  destroy 
the  insects  that  may  be  put  into  the  body  and 
limbs  of  the  tree.  Many  drooping  trees  have 
been  made  healthy  by  using  this  wash.  If  you 
wish  to  preserve  your  peach  trees,  it  is  neces- 
sary for  you  to  apply  this  to  them  twice  a  year, 
also   frequently    pouring   reasonably  hot  soap 


224  APPENDIX. 

suds  to  the  body  and  root  of  the  tree;  this  will 
kill  and  destroy  the  worm  which  so  frequently 
destroys  your  trees.  The  lie  which  is  left  at 
the  bottom  of  the  kettle  from  boiling  hot  soap 
is  very  good  and  should  always  be  used  to  wash 
your  trees.  If  you  wish  to  j^reserve  your  peach, 
trees,  you  should  by  all  means  search  the  roots 
and  body  of  the  tree,  and  where  you  find  any 
gum  caused  by  the  worm,  remove  it  by  means 
of  a  knife,  carefully  cutting  away  where  any 
gum  is  found,  and  as  far  as  there  seems  to  be 
a  hollow  under  th^  bark,  then  v>^ash  the  Avhole 
stem  well,  suffering  it  to  run  to  the  roots:  It  is 
stated  by  a  worthy  gentleman,  that  by  planting 
tansey  around  the  tree,  the  worm  will  not 
trouble  the  lOots.  This  is  simple  enough  and 
worthy  of  a  trial.  It  is  hoped  that  these  im- 
portant truths  will  cause  the  Farmer  and  others 
to  put  them  in  practice,  and  it  most  undoubted- 
ly will  be  the  means  of  raising  improved  fruit 
and  will  be  richly  paid  for  all  his  labour. 


HOW  TO  CATCH  AN  OWL. 

Those  who  are  troubled  with  owls,  let  them 
set  a  steel  trap  on  the  top  of  a  pole  near  the 
hen  roost^  and  you  will  b)e  certain  to  catch  him. 


A    SUPPLEMENT 


FARMER'S  OWN  BOOK 


A   TREATISE    OX    THE 


Diseases  of  Homed  Cattle, 


EXPLANATION  OF  THEIR  SYMPTO]\IS, 


COURSE  OF  TREATMENT  TO  BE  PURSUED. 


PUBLISHED  BY 

J.  D.   KOOaLE, 

Middletown,  Maryland. 
1858. 


PEEF A CE 


The  "beneficence  of  an  all  wise  Providence  in 
organizing  man,  so  as  to  secure  him  dominion 
over  animals  of  inferior  physical  construction, 
impose  on  him  obligations  to  exercise  that  emi- 
nent advantage  in  a  spirit  of  mercy  and  in  mit- 
igation of  the  pains  and  disorder  of  the  brute 
creation !  Impose  upon  him  as  a  gentleman, 
as  am  intelligent  Farmer,  or  as  a  man  of  human- 
ity; should  deem  it  essential  to  make  himself  fa- 
miliar with  the  nature  and  injuries  of  the  suffer- 
ing brute.  To  say  nothing  of  the  duty,  which 
common  intelligence  and  humanity  enjoins  upon 
every  one  to  prepare  himself  with  proper  infor- 
mation, remedies  and  common  medicines,  Avhich 
wilt  enable  him  to  extend  immediate  relief  to 
the  sj)eechless,  suffering  animals.  No  man 
should  hesitate,  to  provide  himself  with  a  book 
which  will  teach  him  plainly  in  what  way  to 
give  belief  to  the  poor  speechless  brute. 


HORNED  CATTLE. 


THE   AGE. 


The  age  of  neat  oattle  is  very  difficult  to  get 
atj  until tliey  reach  the  age  of  three  years;  af- 
ter thiSj  we  get  at  the  age  by  the  horns.  The 
surface  of  the  horn  continues  very  smooth,  un- 
til the  expiration  of  the  second  year  of  the  ani- 
mals life,  when  a  wrinkle  or  circle  of  thicker 
horn  begins  to  he  formed  around  the  base.  This 
is  truly  completed  in  twelve  months  and  an- 
other ring  then  begins  to  appear,, so  that  if  the 
perfect  rings  or  circles  are  counted,  and  two  ad- 
ded to  them,  the  age  of  the  beast  is  supposed 
to  be  ascertained.  These  rings,  however,  are 
not  always  clear  and  distinct,  and  it  is  very 
easy  to  remove  one  or  two  of  them  with  a  rasp, 
at  least  to  the  un practiced  eye,  when  the  ani- 
mal begins  to  be  remarkably  old.  In  addition 
to  this,  a  Avell  known  fact  should  be  stated: — 
That  if  a  heifer  takes  the  bull  at  about  two 
years  old,  the  first  ring  is  formed  a  twelve 
month  before  its  usual  time,  and  consequently 
she  would  always  appear  to  be  reckoning  by 
her  horns,  a  twelve  month  older  than  she  really 


4  ]IuRNED    CATTLE. 

is.  After  all,  the  age  as  denoted  by  the  Iiotd  can 
only  be  calculated  in  the  Cow,  These  rings  do 
not  begin  to  appear  in  the  Ox  or  Bull  until  the 
animal  is  five  years  old,  and  then  they  are  fre- 
quently too  confused  to  be  accurately  counted. 

When  in  health,  a  softness  of  the  skin,  and  a 
glossy  appearance  of  the  hair,  not  only  indicates 
present  health,  but  a  disposition  to  thrive;  while 
a  hard  dry  skin  clinging  to  the  ribs,  and  a  star- 
ing in  every  direction,  show  that  there  is  some- 
thing wrong  in  the  constitution,  and  that  it  will 
be  labor  in  vain  to  attempt  to  fatten  suclf  a 
beast,  for  your  own  interest,  you  should  put 
your. beast  in  good  condition,  and  keep  it  in  con- 
dition. 


ON  THE  DISEASES  OF  HORNED  CATTLE. 

Inflammation: — Inflammation  is  the  most  fre- 
quent diseased  condition  to  which  neat  Cattle 
are  subject.  External  imflammation  is  known  by 
the  part  being  swollen,  tender  and  hotter,  than 
in  its  natural  state;  in  garget  or  downfall  of  the 
udder^  which  is  an  imflammation  of  one  or  more 


iioaNed  cattli:.  5 

quarters  of  the  bag;  tlie  affected  parts  are  swol- 
len, tender  and  hot.  If  this  state  of  the  hag  is 
neglected,  matter  or  pus  will  he  formed,  and 
make  a  troublesome  job,  this  should  not  be  ne- 
glected or  defered;  if  it  is  properly  treated,  the 
swelling  heat  and  tenderness  will  generally  dis- 
a]3pear. 

INTERj^AL  INFLAMMATION. 

Internal  Inflammation  by  other  and  often  more 
inctistinct  symptons.  We  can  here  seldom  ascer- 
tain the  heat  or  tenderness,  or  swelling  of  the 
part,  and  can  usually  only  judge  of  the  com- 
plaint, by  the  effects  which  it  produces  on  the 
system.  Every  internal  inflammation  soon  affects 
the  whole  system,  accompanied  with  considera- 
ble fever,  and  that  fever  and  degree  of  it  is  easily 
ascertained  by  the  heat  of  the  breath,  and  the 
mouth,  and  the  base  of  the  horn,  by  the  redness 
of  the  eye,  hardness  of  the  pulse  and  the  loss  of 
appetite.  When  Inflammation  seizes  any  impor- 
tant organ,  as  the  brain,  lungs,  bowels,  kidneys, 
udder,  &c.,  bleeding  is  to  be  immediately  had  re- 
course to,  after  bleeding,  a  purging  drink  is  to 


6  HonXED  CATTLE. 

be  administered^  sometimes  it  is  necessary  to  in- 
sert a  seton  in  the  dew  lap.  For  external  im- 
flammation  from  severe  bruises,  wounds  and 
other  accidents,  fomentations  with  warm  or  cold 
water.  Poultices  made  of  Linseed  Oil,  when 
they  can  be  applied. 


BLEEDING,  ITS  UTILITY. 

Bleeding  is  a  most  useful  and  powerful  reme- 
dy, in  the  cure  of  Inflammatory  Complaints,  •It 
lessens  the  quantity  of  blood  in  the  vessels,  and 
diminishes  nervous  power.  The  following  are  the 
chief  diseases,  in  which  bleeding  is  required. 

In  all  kinds  of  fever,  itching  and  humors  of 
the  skin,  enlarged  glands,  or  kernels  between 
the  jaws,  bruises,  strains,  catarrh  or  colds,  &c. 

The  jugular  or  neck  vain,  is  that  which  is 
mostly  opened;  in  many  inflammatory  complaints 
too  much  can  hardly  be  taken,  provided  the  bleed- 
ing be  stopped  as  soon  as  the  patient  appears 
likely  to  faint  or  fall  down.  A  strong  healthy 
Beast  will  bear  the  loss  of  iive  six  quarts  of 
blood  without  the  least  injury;  large  Cattle  will 


liORXED   CATTLE.  7 

bear  seven  or  eight  quarts  witli  decided  advan- 
tas^e, 

ox  PHYSIC. 

The  chief  purgative  Medicines  for  neat  Cattle 
are  Glauber  Salts,  Epsom  Salts,  Barbadoes  aloes. 
Linseed  Oil  and  Sulphur.  In  some  extreme 
cases  the  Croton  Nut,  freshly  prepared  may  be 
used  with  decided  advantage.  Aloes  are  getting 
into  disuse,  on  account  of  it  nauseating  and  exci- 
ting the  Animal;  if  it  does  not  operate  immedi- 
ately, half  an  ounce  of  aloes  may  be  added  to  the 
salts  with  decided  advantage.  In  particular 
diseases  where  there  is  considerable  fever,  or  the 
attack  of  fever  is  apprehended^  there  is  no  pur- 
gative so  beneficial  as  the  Epsom  Salts;  in  bad 
cases  twenty  four  ounces  may  be  given  at  a  dose, 
and  eight  ounces  of  sulphur  every  six  hours, 
until  the  purgative  effect  is  produced.  Linseed 
Oil  is  a  good  purgative,  the  dose  is  from  a  pint 
to  a  pint  and  a  half.  Common  Salt  is  a  very 
good  purgative  in  mild  cases,  a  pound  dissolved 
in  warm  water  is  a  dose;  it  should  not  be  given 
when  the  animal  labors  with  fever. 


HORNED  CATTLE. 


ON  SETONING, 


The  utility  of  setoning  is  to  create  excitement 
and  unload  the  overloaded  vessels  in  neighboring 
inflamed  parts.  The  mode  of  inserting  a  seton, 
it  is  commonly  made  of  horse  hair  platted  to- 
gether, cord  or  tape  alone  or  leather,  it  should 
be  tolerable  thick  and  ten  or  twelve  inches  in 
length.  Before  inserting  the  seton  it  should 
be  dipped  or  saturated  with  Turpentine,  tincture 
of  Cantharides,  or  Helebore.  The  seton  now 
prepared ;  an  assistant  is  to  hold  the  animal, 
while  the  seton  needle  with  the  cord  affixed  to 
it  is  plunged  into  the  upper  edge  of  the  brisket 
or  dew  lap,  and  brought  out  again  towards  its 
lower  edge.  The  space  between  the  two  openings 
should  be  from  four  to  eight  inches;  the  seton 
is  to  be  secured  by  fastening  a  small  piece  of 
wood,  or  tying  a  large  knot  at  either  end  of  the 
cord;  matter  will  begin  to  run  the  second  day, 
and  after  that  the  cord  should  be  drawn  back- 
wards and  forwards  two  or  three  times  a  day, 
in  order  to  irritate  the  parts,  by  this  means  in- 
crease the  discharf>:e.    Where  a  considerable  ef- 


HORNED  CATTLE. 


feet  is  intended  to  be  produced,  tlie  black  bel- 
ebore  is  the  best,  this  will  very  quickly  cause 
considerable  swelling,  as  well  as  a  discbarge. 


COLDS  AND  COUGHS. 

Colds  or  Cougbs  are  frequently  mucb  neglect- 
ed, and  very  mucb  injures  the  animal,  let  tbis 
bint  suffice,  as  soon  as  you  perceive  tlie  animal, 
to  bave  tlie  cougb,  give  a  purging- drink.  Take 
epsom  salts  1  lb.,  powdered  caraway  seeds  J  oz., 
dissolve  in  a  qua.rt  of  warm  gruel.  After  that 
use  the  cougb  and  fever  drink  until  relieved 
twice  a  day. 

Cough  and  fever  medicine. — Take  emetic  tar- 
tar .1  oz.,  powdered  digitalis  J  drachm,  saltpetre 
3  drachms,  mix  and  give  in  a  quart  of  gruel ; 
bouse  the  beast  fand  keep  it  comortable,  espe- 
cially at  night,  do  not  expose  to  cold  and  wet 
weather. 

If  the  above  should  not  give  relief:  Take 
emetic  tartar  half  drachm,  nitre  two  drachms, 
powdered  gentian  root  one  drachm,  powdered 
chamomile  flowers  one  drachm  and  powder  gin- 


TO  HORNED  CATTLE. 

ger  half  clraclim.  Pour  upon  them  a  pint  of 
boiling  ale,  and  give  the  infusion,  when  nearly 
cold ;  give  until  relieved.  Should  not  this  en- 
tirely relieve — take  liquorice  root  2  oz;  bruise 
and  boil  in  a  quart  of  water,  until  the  fluid  is 
reduced  to  a  pint,  then  add  two  drachms  pow- 
dered squills,  honey  2  ounces;  add  to  the  above 
and  give  as  directed  in  the  above. 


TH] 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LUNGS. 

Inflammation  of  the  Lungs  is  caused  by  per- 
spiration, sudden  and  great  changes  of  the 
weather,  especially  when  accompained  with  wet 
and  damp  air  at  night,  and  particularly  when 
driving  a  long  journey.  ,    • 

Symptoms  are  dullness,  shivering  cough, 
particularly  soar,  the  ear,  roots  of  the  horns 
and  legs  are  generaly  cold ;  the  breath  and 
mouth  is  hot,  the  mouth  generally  open,  and 
there  is  a  ropy  discharge  from  it;  the  beast  will 
often  lie  down  and  can  scarcely  be  induced  to 
move,  the  flanks  heave,  the  head  is  protruded, 
showing  great  difficulty  in  breathing. 


HORNED   CATTLE.  11 

Eemedy: — Copious  bleediDg  is  tlie  first  and 
great  important  remedy ;  "bleed  until  the  beast 
trembles,  if  you  do  not,  you  will  loose  your 
beast ;  next,  place  in  your  seton  in  the  dewlap, 
fire  the  sides  and  blister,  then  follow  with  the 
Fever  medicine.  Emetic  tartar  1  drachm,  dig- 
italis J  drachm,  nitre  J  drachms ;  continue  un- 
til relieved  twice  a  day. 


DEEANGEMENT  OF  THE  LUNGS. 

When  the  milch  Cow  is  attacked,  there  is  a 
diminution  of  the  milk,  and  it  has  a  ropy  ap- 
pearance and  a  saltish  taste  after  being  separa- 
ted from  the  cream.  The  animal  has  a  heavy 
appearance;  the  eyes  being  dull,  with  a  stiffened 
staggering  gait;  the  appetite  is  impaired,  the 
nostrils  and  skin  is  of  a  yellow  color,  the  bowels 
are  generally  costive,  by  pressing  on  the  edge  of 
the  short  ribs  on  the  right  side,  the  animal  will 
shrink,  indi<3ating  pain  and  tenderness.  Rem- 
edy.— If  any  fever  bleed,  then  follow  with  one 
or  two  drachms  of  calomel,  1  scrujole  of  Opium, 
2  drachms  of  ginger,  give  in  gruel  a  few  hours 


12  HORNED   CATTLE. 

afterwards.  Give  12  ounces  epsom  salir  and 
half  pint  Linseed  oil ;  the  calomel  and  opium 
may  be  repeated  twice  a  day^  and  the  purgative 
also^  until  the  bowels  are  sufficiently  operated 
upon;  the  sides  may  also  be  blistered,  and  seton 
may  also  be  in-serted.  If  the  animal  should  be 
left  weak,  use  the  following  tonic  drink: — Gen- 
tian root  powder  J  oz.,  ginger  1  drachm,  ejDsom 
salts  2  oz.,  mix  the  whole  with  a  jjint  of  warm 
water  gruel,  and  give  it  morning  and  night. 


IMFLAMMATION  OF  THE  BEAIN. 

Causes: — It  proceeds  most  commonly  from  re- 
dundancy of  blood,  or  overflowing  of  the  blood, 
by  means  of  hastening  the  fattening  too  rapidly, 
or  by  turning  in  a  rich  pasture. 

Symptoms: — In  the  early  period  of  it,  the  beast 
is  dull  and  stupid,  he  stands  with  his  head  pro- 
truding, or  pressed  against  something  for  support, 
he  refuses  to  eat,  is  unconscious  of  the  surround- 
ing objects,  now  and  then  suddenly  drops  as  if 
he  were  shot,  he  starts  up  all  at  once,  is  fearless 
of  any  surrounding  object,  his. eyes  will  become 


HOKNED  CATTLE.  13 

red  starting  from  their  sockets,  will  stagger 
aboutj  falling  and  rising  again  and  run  against 
everything  in  his  way,  he  will  stamp,  tear  up 
the  ground  with  its  horns,  run  at  every  one 
within  its  reach,  bellowing  until  nature  is  quite 
exhausted;  trembling  will  then  come  over  him, 
he  will  grind  his  teeth  and  saliva  will,  pour  from 
his  mouth,  every  limb  will  be  convulsed  and  he 
will  presently  fall  and  die. 

Remedy: — The  chief  or  only  cure  is  bleeding, 
let  the  blood  flow  rapidly  unti^he  falls  from  the 
loss  of  blood.  Setons  should  be  placed  on  each 
side  of  the  poll,  and  blistered  on  the  forehead, 
then  follow  with  heavy  doses  of  physic,  when 
relieved  feed  cautiously  for  a  few  weeks. 


STAGGERS  or  SWIMMING  m  THE  HEAD. 

Cause: — Starvation  during  the  winter  season, 
and  being  admitted  into  too  fertile  a  pasture  in 
the  Spring,  producing  a  redundancy  of  blood, 
whicli  gives  rise  to  the  disease. 

Symptoms: — Are  heaviness,  dullness,  disposi- 
tion to  sleep,  resting  his  head  upon  any  conve- 


14  IIuRNED    CATTLE. 

nient  place,  reals  and. staggers  wlien  lie  attempts 
to  walk. 

If  this  disease  is  not  checked  by  bleeding,  or 
purging,  or  proper  management,  it  may  termi- 
nate in  inflammation  of  the  brain  or  fever. 

Remedy: — This  must  be  remedied  by  bleed- 
ing, purging  and  giving  the  fever  medicine — 
after  purging,  give  emetic  tartar  one  drachm, 
digitalis  I  drachm,  nitre  J  drachms  twice  a  day 
until  relieved,  feed  cautiously. 


INFLAMMATION 
OF  TPIE  BOWELS  WITH  COSTIVKNESS. 

Inflammation  of  the  bowels  is  by  no  means 
an  uncommon  disease  among  neat  cattle,  very 
often  proves  fatal.  It  is  easily  recognized  by 
the  peculiar  symptoms. 

Cause: — This  disease  mostly  arises  from  ex- 
posure to  cold,  and  especially  when  cattle  go  in- 
to rivers  or  ponds,  after  being  heated  and  fa- 
tigued, chilling  the  blood.  It  is  sometimes 
produced  by  too  much  dry  or  stimulating  food. 

Sy^iPTOMs: — The  animal  is  continually  lying 


IIOilXED    CATTLE.  15 

pown,  getting  up  again,  strikes  at  his  belly 
with  his  hind  feet.  The  bowels  obstinately 
constipated ;  dungs  in  small  quantities,  hard, 
covered  with  mucus  at  times,  streaked  with 
blood — the  urine  is  generally  voided  with  diffi- 
culty and  heaving  at  the  flanks,  accompanied 
with  fever,  becomes  fearfully  weak  and  staggers 
as  he  walks,  he  leaves  his  company,  hides  him- 
self under  hedges,  &c.  Becomes  deaf,  he  trem- 
bles all  over,  his  skin  is  hot,  back  and  loins  ten- 
der, ears  and  horns  hot,  indicating  the  highest 
degree  of  general  fever. 

.  Eemedy: — The  first  thing  to  be  done  and  that 
which  admits  of  no  delay,  is  to  bfeed  profusely. 
Next,  purge  freely;  continue  the  purging  medi- 
cines until  the  bowels  are  freely  opened,  then  les- 
sen the  doses  so  as  to  keep  the  bowels  open.  In 
severe  cases  you  must  give  injections  until  the 
medicines  operate  freely.  This  is  a  very  dan- 
gerous disease  and  the  course  pursued  must  be 
decisive,  or  the  beast  is  lost !  The  only  hope 
you  have  after  bleeding,  is  in  physicing;  you 
should  by  all  means  clyster  largely  and  in  great 
quantities,  the  epsom  salts  and  castor  oil  will 
do  no  harm;  thin  gruel  is  very  good!  Let  these 
hints  suffice. 


16  nORNED   CATTLE. 


DIARRHEA  OR  PURGINa. 

Diarrhea  or  Purging: — In  the  first  place  in- 
dicates some  disordered  state  of  the  bowels,  or 
the  presence  of  some  oifending  matter  in  them, 
and  he  will  endeavor  to  remedy  this ;  not  by 
attempting  to  arrest  the  discharge  too  speedily! 
First,  give  a  mikl  physic,  then  follow  with  the 
astringent. 

Remedy: — Take  a  strong  decoction,  vvdiite  oak 
bark  3  ounces,  laudanum  IJ  oz.,  golden  tincture 
1  oz.     Give  it  in  thin  gruel  until  relieved. 

Dysentery,  Slimy  ,Flux,  or  scouring  rot  is 
treated  the  same  wa/.  The  symptoms  of  this 
are  considerable  tenderness  on  the  spine  a  little 
beyond  the  shoulders,  the  dewlap  hangs  down, 
and  has  a  flabby  appearance ;  the  dung  runs  off 
with  a  putrid  and  offensive  smell,  and  as  it  falls 
upon  the  ground,  rises  up  in  bubbles,  the  hair 
appears  pen  feathered  or  starring;  the  eyes  are 
generally  inflamed,  with  heaving  of  the  flanks, 
joainful  twitching  of  the  belly,  severe  straining, 
griping,  &c.  This  disease  treated  the  same  as 
Diarrhea. 


HORXED    CATTLE.  IT 

Red  Water. — This  disease  consists  of  a  dis- 
charge of  high  colored  urine,  occasionally  tinged 
with  a  bloody  appearance,  it  is  an  affection  of 
the  kidneys;  in  some  cases  the  discharge  cha,nges 
to  a  dark  red,  or  blackish  color.  AVhen  the 
kidneys  are  effected,  the  beast  evinces  tenderness 
on  pressing  the  loins. 

Remedy: — Take  oil  of  juniper  ^  oz.,  laudanum 
1  oz.,  oil  turpentine  1  oz.,  mix  and  give  in  a 
pint  linseed  tea,  once  or  twice  a  day  until  re- 
lieved. The  oil  of  juniper  may  be  increased  or 
diminished  as  the  case  may  require  it. 


GARGET,  DOWNFALL  IN  THE  UDDER, 
OR  INFLAMED  BAG. 

This  is  a  disease  of  the  utmost  consequence  to 
the  owners  of  Cattle;  young  Cows  in  higli  con- 
dition are  most  liable  to  it,  especially  at  the  time 
of  calving.  This  disease  makes  its  appearance 
in  one  or  more  quarters  of  the  bag,  which  be- 
comes swollen,  hard,  hotter  than  usual  and  pain- 
ful when  pressed.  The  milk  is  lessened  and 
mingled   with   blood,   pus  and  corruption,   at 


18  IIORXED    CATTLE. 

times  tlie  flow  of  milk  is  totally  stopped  and 
sometimes  tlie  inflammation  extends  to  the  hip 
joint,  hock  and  foot  lock. 

Eemedy: — It  \YilL  he  necessary  as  soon  as  the 
do-wnfall  is  discovered^  and  especially  in  an  ag-. 
gravated  case,  to  hring  the  animal  out  of  the 
pasture  and  if  deemed  necessary,  take  from  three 
to  five  quarts  of  hlood  according  to  the  size  or 
strength,  next  give  her  a  purging  drink  and 
bathe  the  udder  well  with  elder  ointment,  or  use 
mercurial  garget  ointment,  which  is  made  hy 
taking  soft  Soap  1  Ih.  Mercurial  Ointment  2 
ounces,  camphor  rubbed  down  with  a  little  spir- 
its of  wine  1  ounce,  rub  them  well  together. 
Should  there  be  any  fever,  give  a  few  doses  of 
fever  medicine;  this  is  a  disease  of  great  impor- 
tance, as  many  Cows  arc  ruined  or  lost  purely 
from  neglect:  The  ,milk  must  be  taken  from 
the  Cow  perfectly  clean,  and  this  should  be  done 
several  times  during  the  day;  and  the  Cow  must 
be  fed  scantily  and  with  no  stimulating  food, 

The  teats  sometimes  get  very  sore,  this  is  easily 
remedied  by  using  the  ointment  for  sore  teats. 
Take  elder  ointment  6  ounces.  Bees  wax  2 
ounces,  Sugar  of  lead  1  ounce,  Alum  1  ounce  in 


HORNED   CATTLE.  19 

fine   powder,  mix    them  well  together,  whilst 
cooling  bathe  the  teats  freely. 


TREATMENT  OF  THE  COW,  BEFORE 

AND  DURING  CALYING.         ^ 

It  is  an  old  and  true  saying,  and  the  truth  of 
it  is  nowhere  more  evident  than  in  treatment  of 
the  Milch  Cow  ;  that  the  prevention  of  an  evil 
is  hotter  than  the  cure.  The  Cow  should  he 
dried  si-x  or  eight  weeks  before  calving,  for  two 
reasons :  First,  the  strength  and  constitution 
of  the  Cow  reo^ulre  a  little  respite.  Second,  the 
mixture  of  the  old  milk  and  the  new  secretions, 
that  nature  prepares  for  the  expected  calf  Dur- 
ing the  early  period  of  gestation,  the  animal 
may  and  should  be  tolerably  well  fed,  for  she 
has  to  provide  milk  for  the  Dairy,  and  nourish- 
ment for  the  foetus.  But  when  she  is  dried, 
her  food  should  be  considerably  diminished:  — 
She  should  not  be  too  fat,  or  full  of  blood  at  the 
time  of  calving,  for  that  is  the  frequent  cause  of 
dif^cult,  labor^  garget  fever  and  death. 

There  are  few  things  in  which  the  Farmer 


20  HORNED    CATTI-E. 

errs,  more  than  in  this:  There  is  also  an  error 
in  starving  her  before  she  calves,  hut,  is  much 
more  danger  in  bringing  her  into  too  high  con- 
dition. Some  Cows  are  apt  to  slink  their  calves 
before  their  time;  this  generally  hajDpens  about 
the  middle  of  their  pregnancy.  She  becomes 
feverish  of  her  food,  wandering  in  search  of 
something  which  she  seems  to  be  longing  for. 
She  should  be  immediately  removed  from  the 
other  cows,  bled  and  physiced ;  the  best  thing 
to  be  done  is  to  fatten  her  for  the  butcher^  for 
she  will  be  very  certain  to  do  the  same  again. 
When  the  ninth  month  is  nearly  expired,  she 
should  be  looked  after;  if  in  high  condition,  she 
should  be  physiced,  and  if  necessary,  bled,  and 
if  she  is  about  to  calve,  she  should  be  separated 
from  the  other  cows,  or  brought  into  the  cow- 
house, and  suffered  to  remain  quiet,  and  undis- 
turbed. But  should  she  not  be  successful  in 
calving  Vv^ithin  a  reasonable  time,  she  should 
have  assistance. 

Symptoms. — Are  uneasiness,  slight  lifting  of 
the  tail,  lying  down  and  getting  up.  The  still 
earlier  symptoms  are  enlargement  of  the  udder, 
and  redness  of  the  space  between  the  shape  and 
the  udder. 


HOENED   CATTLE.  21 

TreaTxMent: — When  tlie  labor  has  actually 
commenced^  the  membranes  will  more  and  more 
protrude  until  they  break,  and  the  fluid  by  which 
the  calf  was  surrounded  will  escape.  If  her  pains 
are  strong,  she  should  not  be  meddled  with"  for  a 
few  hours.  And  if  no  portion  of  the  Calf  pre- 
sents itself,  the  hand  well  greased  should  be  in- 
troduced, in  order  to  ascertain  the  situation,  and 
position  of  the  calf  The  natural  position  is  witTi 
the  fore  feet  presenting,  and  the  muzzel  lying 
upon  the  fore  leg.  If  this  is  found  to  be  the  case 
and  it  has  advanced  into  the  passage^,  sometime 
longer  should  be  allowed  to  see  what  nature  will 
do.  However,  as  soon  as  you  perceive  the  throes 
to  begin  to  weaken,  if  no  progress  has  been 
made,  manual  assistance  must  be  rendered. 

Here  there  are  two  objects  to  be  accomplished; 
the  saving  of  the  lives  of  both  the  mother  and 
the  young  one;  all  should  be  done  gently. 


THE  MODE  OF  ASSISTANCE. 
The  hand  should  be  well  greased,  then  intro- 


22  IIOnXED    CATTLE. 

duccd,  find  the  fore-legs  of  the  calf  laid  hold  of 
and  drawn  down^  drawing  gently  at  the  mo- 
ment of  the  mother's  throes.  Care  should  be 
taken  that  the  head  is  accompanying  them.  The 
hand  will  sometimes  be  sufficient  for  this  pur- 
pose. If  the  head  cannot  be  moved  by  the  hand, 
a  cord  must  be  procured  with  a  slip  knot  at  the 
end,  which  is  to  be  moved  carefully  into  the  pas- 
sage, and  the  mouth  of  the  young  animal  being 
opened,  fastened  round  his  lower  jaw,  the  end 
of  this  must  be  given  to  an  assistant,  who  should 
pull  gently  but  firmly  at  the  moment  of  the 
throes,  while  the  operator  draws  out  the  feet. 
Should  not  this  succeed,  take  two  other  cords 
or  rope,  and  fasten  one  around  each  leg — two 
assistants  should  pull  at  the  feet-and  anotlier  at 
the  head;  while  one  ascertains  the  progress  that 
is  made^too  much  force  should  not  be  used,  as 
the  calf  may  yet  be  saved.  Eemember  the  nat- 
ural position  of  the  calf,  is  the  presenting  of  the 
muzzel  lying  upon  the  fore-legs.  The  most 
usual  false  position,  is  the  presentation  of  the 
head,  while  the  feet  of  the  calf  are  doubled  down 
under  his  belly.  A  cord  must  be  passed  as  be- 
fore, around  the  lower  jaw,  which  is  then  to  be 


HORNED    CATTLE.  23 

puslied  back  into  tlie  womb.  The  operator  now 
introduces  his  hand  and  feels  the  situation  of 
the  feet,  tlien  fix  a  cord  around  each  j)astern,  or 
about  the  knee,  and  bring  them  into  the  pas- 
sage. The  head  is  next  to  be  brought  forward 
again  by  means  of  the  cord;  the  cords  being 
now  pulled  steadily  together,  it  will  generally 
be  extracted.  Should  the  calf  be  dead,  and 
much  swollen,  the  head  may  then  be  opened  by 
means  of  a  knife,  so  as  to  lessen  the  bulk. 
When  the  feet  presexit  and  the  head  is  doubled 
under  the  rim  of  the  passage.  The  cords  should 
be  placed  round  the  feet,  the  hand  passed  into 
the  womb,  and  the  cord  looped  round  the  lower 
jaw.  The  calf  pushed  farther  back  into  the 
womb,  the  head  brought  into  the  passage  and 
the  three  ropes  pulled  together.  The  delivery 
effected  as  quickly  as  may  be  without  the  exer- 
tion of  more  force  than  is  necessary. 

The  last  false  presentation  is  the  breach — 
the  tail  appearing  at  the  mouth  of  the  shape. 
The  hand  is  to  be  passed  into  the  uterus,  fasten 
the  cords  around  each  hock.  The  calf  is  then 
pushed  as  far  back  as  possible  into  the  womb, 
and  the  hocks  are  after  brought  into  the  pas- 


24  IIOilNDD    CATILl:.. 

sage,  the  head  placed  in  the  proper  position, 
and  the  ropes  changed  if  necessary,  and  all 
three  cords  drawn  gently,  until  the  calf  is  ex- 
tracted; considerable  force  is  sometimes  needed, 
but  should  all  be  done  gently,  with  an  increase 
of  drawing,  until  the  job  is  completed.  By 
studying  these  cases,  the  operator  wdll  be  able 
to  accomplish  his  object.  In  all  cases  of  false 
presentations,  although  great  force  must  some- 
times be  used. 

The  uterus,  or  calf  bed  is  sometimes  protrud- 
ed and  inverted.  The  case  is  not  desperate. 
The  part  must  be  cleansed  from  blood  and  dirt, 
and  supported  by  a  sheet,  then  the  operator  be- 
ginning at  the  very  bottom  of  the  womb,  re- 
turning gradually,  and  with  great  care,  and 
patience.  The  animal  should  be  bled  before 
this  is  attempted,  and  the  application  of  cold  wa- 
ter should  be  used  for  some  time;  this  will  con- 
tract the  womb,  and  render  its  return  more  easy. 
A  stick  or  couple  should  be  passed  through  the 
lips  of  the  shape;  in  order  to  prevent  its  return, 
and  give  the  following  medicines  a  feAv  times : 
Take  laudanum  1  oz.,  sweet  spirits  of  nitre  2  oz., 
give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel.     The  protrusion 


UOIIXEI)     CATTLE.  '2o 

or  invertion  of  the  gut,  sliould  be  returned  the 
same  as  in  the  womb,  and  a  few  sticks  placed 
through  the  shape. 

The  Cow  should  in  all.  cases  be  suffered  to 
lick  or  clean  the  calf,  as  nature  has  designed  it. 
The  cow  and  calf  will  be  much  happier  if  suffered 
to  remain  together  for  several  hours,  having 
free  access  to  each  other.  The  mother  should 
not  be  exposed  to  severe  weather,  immediately 
after  calving.    Should  have  a  few  warm  mashes. 


THE  MILK  FEVEK. 

This  is  a  disease  which  is  prevalent  amongst 
Cows  in  high  condition. 

Symptoms: — Staggering  gait,  br-eathing  irreg- 
ular, eves  full  and  glassy,  the  animal  reels,  is 
unconscious,  the  head  turned  on  one  side,  the 
feeling  partially  lost,  the  legs  sometimes  becomes 
paralyzed. 

Remedy: — Take  epsom  salts  12  ounces,  fiour 
sulphur  4  ounces,  ginger  \  oz.  spirits  of  nitrous 
ether  1  oz.,  dissolve  in  warm  water — give  one 
half  of  this  twice  a  day,  until  the  bowels  are 
opened,  continue  until  relieved. 


./ 


26  HORNED  CATTLE. 


DISEASES  OF  THE  EYE. 

Diseases  of  tlie^  eye  are  generally  inflamma- 
tions, and  caused  by  a  bruise  or  blow  inflicted 
carelessly. 

Eemedt: — First  batlie  tlie  eye  well  witli  cold 
water  several  times,  say  some  ten  or  fifteen  min- 
utes at  a  time;  Then  use  the  following  lotion. 
Take  40  grains  sulphate  of  zinc^  dissolve  in  J 
pint  soft  warm  water,  and  bathe  the  eyes  until 
completely  relieved. 

THE  HOOYE  or  BLOWEN  from  PASTtJRE. 

Causes: — The  cause  of  Cattle  becoming  bloted, 
is  from  being  turned  into  the  pasture  in  the 
spring  of  the  year,  whilst  the  pasture  is  young 
and  full  of  sap^  the  ox  or  cow  eats  greedily  and 
rapidly,  so  much  so  that  the  stomach  is  unable 
to  propel  forward,  the  portions  of  food  as  it 
is  received,  and  becomes  overloaded  and  clog- 
ged, the  food  remaining  in  the  stomach  too  long. 
Then  comes  the  great  danger;  what  you  can  do 
must  be  done  at  once,  or  not  at  all.     The  symp- 


liORNEl)    CATILE.  27 

toms  are  plain  enougli,  tlie  beast  swells  to  an 
enormous  extent,  the  breathing  is  very  laborious, 
and  the  beast  is  threatened  with  su£&Gation  froai 
the  pressure  of  the  stomach  on  the  lungs.  Thy 
animal  is  lost  unless  relief  is  soon  obtained. 

Kemedy: — Belief  is  sometimes  obtained  from 
motion  and  running  the  beast  moderatel}'';  some-- 
times  from  placing  tar,  or  a  tar  band  into  the 
mouth;  sometimes  from  taking  salt  and  black 
pepper  and  throwing  it  down  the  throat;  somo 
persons  have  run  a  lancet,  or  pocket  knife,  into 
the  animal,  at  the  spot  passing  through  the  skin, 
and^  the  wall  of  the  belly,  so  as  to  enter  the 
paunch;  this  should  be  done  midway  between 
the  last  rib  and  the  haunch  bone.  Another  ex- 
celent  remedy  is  J  oz.  Cloride  of  Lime,  put  into 
a  pint  or  quart  of  warm  water,  and  put  into  tho 
stomach,  these  generally  give  immediate  relief 
There  are  other  remedies,  which  generally  give 
relief;  such  as  Lime  water — also  IJ  ounces  of 
Hartshorn  may  be  given,  with  1^  pints  of  water, 
or  1  ounce  Sulphuric  Ether  in  1  pint  of  water. 
The  following  is  plain  and  simple,  and  gives  re- 
lief in  a]most  every  case.  This  has  been  used 
extensively,  and  always  given  satisfaction. 


^8  HOP. NED   CATTLE. 

Keceipt: — Take  two  tablespoonsful  Eappee 
Snuff,  1  gill  Vinegar,  1  gill  Sweet  Milk.  Mix 
well  and  give  as  a-drencli.  This  lias  Leen 
thoroughly  tried  and  relieved  nineteen  cases 
out  of  twenty;  it  is  simple  and  worthy  of  atten- 
tion. No  time  should  be  lost  in  this  disease ; 
what  you  can  do  must  be  done  at  once,  or  not 
at  all. 

Preventatives: — Every  Farmer  should  adopt 
the  rule,  to  feed  his  cattle  the  following  : 

Every  morning,  take  1  ^Dint  air  slacked  lime, 
1  pint  ground  alum  salt — mix  well  and  feed 
with  offall.  Every  particle  of  the  lime  should 
be  slacked.  Adopt  this  rule  and  you  will  have 
little  or  no  trouble  with  your  cattle.  Dose  from 
1  to  2  table-spoonsful  every  morningj  in  offall 
before  turning  into  pasture.  Another  prevent- 
ative:— Take  ashes,  air  slacked  lime,  and  ground 
alum  salt,  equal  portions,  and  feed  every  morn- 
ing, or  if  3^ou  have  not  the  lime,  the  salt  and 
ashes  will  do  well.  , 

CHOKING. 

Cattle  are  extremely  liable  to  become  choked 
on  turnips,  roots,  apples,  potatoes. 


nOENED   OAlTLE.  29 

Eemedy: — Give  |  pint  of  oil,  wliich  will  lub- 
ricate the  passage,  then  run  gag,  or  tube,  or  rod^ 
with  a  knob  at  the  end,  down  the  throat ;  this 
should  be  done  carefully,  so  as  not  to  injure  the 
parts.  Should  you  not  give  relief  by  this  means, 
find  the  position,  or  place  where  the  apple,  or 
turnip  has  loilged.  This  may  be  done  by  pres- 
sing carefully  along  down  the  throat ;  place  a 
block  on  the  one  side  of  the  object,  then  strike 
a  right  smart  blow  with  a  mallet,  or  billet  of 
wood,  sufficient  to  crush  the' apple  or  object  to 
pieces,  which  will  instantly  blowen  out,  and  the 
animal  relieved. 


POISONS. 

Little  can  be  done  in  this,  unless  you  have  a 
pump,  so  as  to  extract  'the  poison  from  the 
stomach,  then  follow  with  physics. 


EMBROCATION   FOR   BITE    OF    VIPER. 

Take  hartshorn,  spirits  camphor,  olive  oil, 
equal  quantities — mix  and  rub  the  wound,  and 
neighboring  parts  well,  morning  and  night. 


30  HORNED    CATTLE. 

One  pint  whiskey,  1  ounce  hartshorn,  1  oz. 
spirits  camphor,  J  pint  warm  water  should  be 
given  to  the  animal. 

WOUNDS. 

The  first  thing  is.  to  clean  the  wound  from  all 
dirt  and  gravel.  A  good  fomentation  with 
warm  water  will  efiPect  this.  If  the  wound  is 
much  lacerated,  or  punctured,  we  must  bring 
them  neatly  together.  If  any  portions  so  torn 
as  to  prevent  its  from  doing  this  completely, 
they  should  be  removed  with  a  knife,  or  sharp 
scissors;  then  the  edges  brought  together  by 
means  of  passing  a  needle  and  strong  waxed 
twine  deeply  through  them,  making  two,  three 
or  more  stitches,  half  inch  from  each  other. 
Then  apply  the  tincture  of  myrrh  and  aloes,  and 
bandage  tolerably  firm,  not  so  much  so  as  to 
prevent  the  circulation.  If  there  should  bo 
proud  flesh,  the  wound  must  be  cleansed  with  a 
strong  solution  of  blue  vitriol,  and  then  dressed 
with  the  tincture.  All  wounds  should  be  first 
well  cleansed,  before  applying  anything  on 
them. 


HORNED  CATTLE.  31 


ANGLE  BERKIES  OR  WARTS. 

These  are  little  warty  tumors^  growing  on  va- 
rious parts  of  the  skin,  and  sometimes  on  the 
teats. 

Remedy: — The  easiest  and  shortest  way  to  re- 
move them,  is  to  tie  a  piece  of  waxed  silk  firmly 
around  the  base  of  each,  and  to  tighten  them 
every  day;  hy  means  of  this,  the  tumor  vrill  drop 
off,  and  will  rarely  grow  again.  To  make  it  cer- 
tain," the  parts  should  he  touched  with  a  hot  iron 
or  lunar  caustic;  the  warts  should  he  well  scarred^ 
and  they  w^ill  never  appear  again. 

THE  FOUL  IN  THE  FOOT. 

The  first  thing  is  to  examine  the  wound  care- 
fully, and  see  how  far  it  extends  under  the  hoof 
or  horn.  The  first  step  is  to  clean  all  the  foul 
or  proiid  flesh,  hy  means  of  a  knife,  then  apply 
lunar  caustic,  or  muriatic  acid,  until  the  wound 
becomes  healthy  and  dry.  In  extreme  cases 
where  there  is  swelling,  apply  a  poultice  night 
and  morning,  then  apply  the  caustic,  and  keep 


61  HOllXED    CATTLT^. 

dry  and  from  all  danger  of  getting  dirt  and 
gravel  in.  When  the  wound  begins  to  look 
healthy,  apply  the  tincture  of  Aloes  and  Myrrh, 
until  perfectly  relieved,  and  give  a  gentle  pur- 
gative. 

TO  DRY  A  COW  OF  HER  MILK. 

The  be«t  time  to  dry  cows  is  whilst  feeding 
dry  feed.  A  good  dose  of  physic  and  after  it  has 
operated,  foUow  with  an  astringent  drink,  will 
generally  settle  the  business.  Six  drachms  of 
alum  dissolved  in  1  pint  water,  is  a  dose.  The 
cow  should  be  milked  clean  when  the  astrin- 
gent is  given;  feed  on  dry  food  for  a  few  days. 
Should  the  udder  get  very  hard  in  a  few  days, 
milk  clean  and  give  another  astringent  drink, 
and  the  third  may  be  given  if  necessary. 

THE     MANGE. 

This  is  a  troublesome  disease  among  cattle, 
at  times  the  itching  torments  the  beast  wonder- 
fully; causing  the  cow   to  fall   off  in  her  milk, 


HORNED    CATTLE.  -33 

and  generally  gets  thin  in  flesh,  if  suffered  to 
remain  any  length  of  time.  The  most  effectual 
application  is  an  ointment,  which,  sulphur  is 
the  principal  ingredient. 

Maxge  Oixtmext: — Take  flour  of  sulphur  1 
lb.,  strong  mercurial  ointment  2  ounces,  common 
turpentine  |  pint,*  lard  H  lb.  Melt  the  turpen- 
tine and  Jard  together  well;  stir  in  the  sulphur 
when  it  begins  to  cool — when  cool,  rub  the 
mercurial  ointment  on  a  marble  slab,  with  the 
other  ingredients,  mix  these  together.  This 
should  be. well  rubbed  in  with  the  hand  daily, 
wherever  there  is  mange.  If  in  the  winter,  the 
animal  should  not  be  exposed  to  severe  cold. 
Give  a  few  doses  of  physic,  with  sulphur  added 
to  it.  Warbles  gad  fly  or  ose  fly,  is  quite  an 
annnoyance  to  the  animal.  The  fly  generally 
alights  on  the  back,  deposits  the  eg^  under  the 
skin,  causing  a  tumour  to  rise  the  size  of  an  ha- 
zel nut,  some  larger — it  soon  bursts,  leaving  a 
hole  on  the  top,  for  the  grub  or  worm,  whicli 
noAv  lives  and  feeds  on  the  fatty  matter. 

Remedy: — Squeeze  out  the  worm  or  grub,  by 
pressing  firmly,  if  this  cannot  be  accomplished^ 
open  it  with  a  lancet  or  knife,  and  put  in  a  few 


34  HORNED    CATTI.E. 

drops  spirits  turpentine,  a  few  times  wliicli  will 
destroy  the  grub. 


BABIES  OB  HYDROPHOBIA. 

This  is  a  dreadful  Disease,  produced  by  the 
bite  of  a  rabid  or  mad  dog.  The  symptoms  o^ 
its  approach  are  dullness,  loss  of  appetite,  the 
eyes  protuding  and  red;  is  continually  voiding 
urine  or  dunging,  saliva  drivels  from  his  mouth: 
presently  weakness  of  the  loins,  and  staggering 
appear;  sometimes  they  linger  six  or  seven  days, 
and  die.     There  is  no  cure. 

Remedy: — Destroy  the  animal  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible. Care  should  be  taken  that  the  saliva  is 
not  received  on  a  wound;  any  wound  which  it 
has  fallen  on,  should  be  immediately  well  burn- 
ed with  lunar  caustic.  Should  you  see  the  rabid 
dog  bite  your  animal,  and  find  the  spot,  imme- 
diately burn  the  wound  well  with  the  lunar 
caustic,  their  is  a  possibility  of  their  escape. 
The  hair  should  be  clipped  of,  and  every  scratch 
carfully  touched  with  the  caustic. 


noEXED  cArrLE.  35 


FOR  YOUNQ  CALVES. 

Should  the  mother's  milk  not  he  sufficient 
to  operate  upon  the  howels,  or  not  at  all,  give  1 
or  2  ounces  Epsom  salts,  according  to  the  size: 
dissolve  in  ^  pint  gruel,  add  a  little  ginger,  and 
a  few  drops  peppermint,  or  as  you  may  give 
Castor  oil;  if  it  should  he  an  ohstinate  case,  give 
an  injection,  or  two  of  salts  dissolved  in  water, 
and  a  little  castor  oil,  this  will  set  all  right. 


COW    POWDERS. 

This  is  an  excelent  powder  for  general  de- 
rangements of  the  System.  Such  as  falling  off 
of  the  milk,  dullness,  stupidness,  stairing  of 
the  hair,  &c. 

This  powder  is  truly  astonishing  in  its  effects 
on  cattle,  giving  new  life  and  vigor  to  the  ani- 
mal. No  owner  of  cattle  should  do  without 
this  powder^  and  should  adopt  the  rule  to  feed 
all  his  cattle,  some  of  the  powder,  once  or  twice 
a  year,  and  especially  hefore  commencing  to 


36  HORXED    CATTLE. 

fatten  them.     This  powder  is  equally  as  good 
for  Sheep.     Take 

^  pound  gentian  root, 


i 

a 

flour  of  brimsto 

i 

(C 

fenugreek, 

i 

(C 

rosin, 

i 

u 

copperas, 

i 

u 

cream  of  tartar, 

i 

a 

epsom  salts, 

i 

u 

juniper  berries. 

h 

(C 

spice  berries. 

i 

a 

salts  nitre. 

i 

cc 

ginger, 

i 

cc 

caraway  seed,. 

i 

a 

aniseed, 

2 

oz. 

antimony. 

2 

oz. 

columbo, 

1 

oz. 

gum  assafoetida. 

2 

oz. 

alum, 

Pulverize  these  articles  fine  and  mix  well, 
and  it  is  ready  for  use.  Any  of  the  above  articles 
can  be  had  at  any  Drug  Store. 

DiRECTioxs  FOR  Use: — Dose  for  a  full  grown 
animal,  one  table-spoonful  once  or  twice  a  day, 
as  the  case  may  require.. 


HORNED    CATTLE,  37 

This  powder  cannot  be  excelled,  it  is  an  excel- 
lent medicine  for  all  derangements  of  the  sj^s- 
tem,  it  is  perfectly  harmless,  and  should  be  fed 
sometime  in  all  chronic  and  lingering  diseases? 
or  at  least  until  entirely  relieved,  and  the  sj^s- 
tem  put  in  perfect  health.  No  animal  can  thrive 
unless  in  health.  Therefore  every  farmer  should 
adopt  the  rule  to  feed  all  his  stock,  and  espe- 
cially those  which  he  wishes  to  fatten  with  some 
of  these  powders;  by  so  doing  you  will  save  feed 
and  time.     In  fattening,  feed  on  offal. 

DiRECTroNs: — For  a  full  grown  sheep,  dose,  1 
tea-spoonfull  once  or  twice  a  day,  as  the  neces- 
sity of  the  case  may  require.     Feed  on  offal. 


.i^ 


INDEX 

TO 

DISEASES   OF  HORSES. 

Bots  or  Grubs ". Page.     25  26 

Brood  Mares ;••••  57 

Chest  Founder 39 

Chronic  Cough 45 

Ears :. 30 

Enlargement  of  the  Hock 48 

Epidemics 44 

Eyes 29 

Flatulent  Colic 9  10  11 

Founder  Acute 52  53  54 

Grease 50  51 

Inflammation 40  41  42 

. Bladder 15  16 

Bowels » 22  23  24 

Feet 52  53  54 

Kidneys IT 

Larnyx 43  44 

Lungs ; 18  19  20  21 

Injfiry  of  the  Eyes 34 

Lampass 35 

Membranes  of  the  Nose 27  28 

Physicing * 47 

Poll  Evil 5  6  7  ^8 

Process  of  Teething ". 36  37  38 

Rabies  or  Madness 33 

Restiveness  or  taming  Horses 55  56 

Spasmodic  Colic 12  13  14 

Sprain  of  Back  Sinews 48 

of  Coffin  Joint 49 

Staggers ^ 31  32 

Thick  or  Broken  Wind i 46 

Warts 58 


INDEX 

TO 

EECEIPTS  BELONGING  TO  THE  HOKSE. 

A  Good  Horse  Powder 68 

Arabian  Oil  for  Horses 61 

Blistering 69 

Ointment Tl 

Celebrated  Horse  Powders.-. 60  61 

Cooling  lotion  for  inflammation -. *74 

Cure  for  Ring  Bone "71 

Blood  or  Bog  Spavin 68 

Black  Tongue 63 

Bots 62  90 

Distemper 66 

Galds  on  Horses 61 

Sweaney 74  *?5  IS 

Urine  Bound ^ 65 

Embrocation  for  the  Throat 67 

For  the  Blacksmith 89 

Hoof  Ointment 66 

How  to  throw  a  Horse 11  IS  Id  80 

to  break  a  kicking  Horse 85  86  87  '83 

to  make  a  Horse  follow  you 91 

to  learn  him  to  stand  still 92 

Infallible  Lotion  for  Bruits,  &c 63 

Liniment  for  Sprains 73 

Lotion  for  Scratches  or  Grease 64 

Quiet  or  Tame  Horses 64 

Rules  for  a  Horse  that  Shies 81  82  83  84 

Spirits  of  Pimento 72 

Tincture,  Aloes  and  Myrrh 70 

•  Iodine 73 

Opium ; 70 

To  make  Elder  Ointment .*. 67 

Treatment  of  Founder... 65 


INDEX 

TO 

Alcohol 94 

Aloes 95 

Alum , 96 

Antimonj .^ 93 

Acqua-Fortis tT. 94 

Balls  or  Pills 98 

Cantharides 97 

Charcoal 9T 

Chloride  of  Lime 107 

Clysters , 99 

Common  Salt 106 

Digitalis 100 

Drinks  and  Drenches 104 

Fomentations 102 

Gentian 102 

Ginger 101 

.  Root 107 

Liniments 105 

Linseed .% 99 

Mashes 101 

Muriatic  Acid •  96 

Mustard... 96 

Opium 103 

Pitch 100 

Poultices 103 

Spasmodics 93 

Spirits  of  Camphor * 93 

Sulphur .'.  105 

Sulphuric  Acid 95 

Tar .^7. 104 

Turpentine 106 

Thompson's  No.  6 '. 108 

Vinegar 94 

Zino  ar  Calamine  Powder 108 


INDEX 

TO 

DOMESTIC  MEDICINES. 

American  Helebore 112 

Columbo 118 

Gentuary 121 

Black  Alder 119 

Blood  or  Percoon  Root 122 

Boneset  or  Thoroiaghwort 123 

Bitter  Root  or  Silkweed 124 

Boiled  Cider 166 

Black  Ink lU  112 

Black  or  Dewberry  Wine 169 

Black  or  Dewberry  Cordial' 168 

Compost  to  prevent  Crows  from  Corn 204 

Clay  Poultice  for  Man  or  Horse 200 

Cure  for  bite  of  Mad  Dog 200 

for  Bite  of  Snake 200 

for  Bronchitis 196 

for  Cancer 164 

for  Felon. 195 

Cox's  Hive  Syrup 18T 

Cologne  Water 178 

Cherry  Brandy 167 

Consumer 129 

Compound  Tincture  of  Gentian 116 

Cement  for  Grafting 115 

Cement  to  Mend  Glass Ill 

Dandelkie 121 

Dr.  Wickeys' Cholera  Medicine 148  149  150  151 

Domestic  tonic 201 

Domestic  Yeast , 204 

Dr.  Young's  Pills 186 

Domestic  Cough  Syrup 189 

Essence  ef  Cinnamon .'. 194 


11  DOMESTIC   xMEDICIXES. 

Eje  Water 194 

Essence  of  Peppermint : 193 

Essence  of  Lemon 193 

Extempore  Gaseous  Chalybeate  Water 125 

Emetic  for  Poison 113 

French  Patent  Oil  Varnish 187 

Furniture  Polish 192 

Gas  Beer 169 

GrcAt  Salve  for  Wounds,  &c 190 

Grease  for  Carriages,  &c 197 

Guaiacum,  Amoniated  Tincture 115 

Gentian 126 

Green  Ointment 201 

Health,  Its  Value  &c 138  to  142 

How  to  Prolong  Life 143  to  146 

How  to  Keep  Apples 203 

How  to  destroy  Lice  on  Chickens 205 

Indian  Turnip 113 

Indellible  Ink 171 

Judkins'  Ointment 162 

Keep  Cider  sweet 165 

Liquid  Opodeldoc 147 

Lunar  Caustic Ill 

Make  Honey  without  Bees,. 161 

Make  Soft  Soap 191 

Ointment  for  Scrofulus  Ulcers 201 

,    Milch  Scald 116 

Piles , 164 

Prof.  Biddle's  Celebrated  Preparation 174  175 

Preserve  Butter 180 

Pickel  Cucumbers 181 

Preserve  Peaches 182 

Preserve  Plumbs 182 

Pleurisy  Root 125 

Pickling  Pears 130 

Preservation  of  the  Health 131  to  137 

Patent  Black  Japan 191 

Plague  Blister 198 

Remedies  for  Rheumatism 152  to  160 

Receipt  for  Humoj;^  on  Children 199 

Receipt  for  Hogs 197 


DOMESTIC   MEDICINES.  Ill 

Rattlewced  Root 121 

Remedy  for  Bite  of  a  Snake 163 

Red  Ink Ill 

Restore  the  Hair  in  Baldness 1*76 

Remedy  for  Itch 185  186 

Soap  to  Take  Grease  out  of  Cloth,  &c 183  184 

Soft  Ginger  Bread ; 181' 

Silver  Top  Drink r. 170 

Simple  Syrup  of  Rhubarb IIT 

Tincture  of  Rhubarb 117 

Seneca  Snake  Root 114 

Soda  Powders 190 

Transplantino;  Trees , 200 

Tincture  of  Peach  Kernels 202 

The  Prickley  Ash 120 

Toothache  Balsam 177 

Drops , 179 

Tooth  Powder ,. 177 

Transparent  Soap 173 

White  Swellincr 165 

Washintr  Fluid , 172 

Worth  knowing ,...,,  205 


